Current Issue
CDC Science Clips: Volume 9, Issue 41, October 17, 2017
Science Clips is produced weekly to enhance awareness of emerging scientific knowledge for the public health community. Each article features an Altmetric Attention score to track social and mainstream media mentions!
The report consists of these components:
- Key scientific articles in featured topic areas (this week featuring October CDC Public Health Grand Rounds, Global Prevention of Neural Tube Defects)
- CDC-authored publications
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CDC Public Health Grand Rounds
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Maternal and Child Health – Global Prevention of Neural Tube Defects
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A 2015 global update on folic acid-preventable spina bifida and anencephaly
Arth A, Kancherla V, Pachon H, Zimmerman S, Johnson Q, Oakley GP.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2016 Jul;106(7):520-9. -
Population red blood cell folate concentrations for prevention of neural tube defects: Bayesian model
Crider KS, Devine O, Hao L, Dowling NF, Li S, Molloy AM, Li Z, Zhu J, Berry RJ.
Bmj. 2014 Jul 29;349:g4554. -
Iron, zinc, folate, and vitamin B-12 status increased among women and children in Yaounde and Douala, Cameroon, 1 year after introducing fortified wheat flour
Engle-Stone R, Nankap M, Ndjebayi AO, Allen LH, Shahab-Ferdows S, Hampel D, Killilea DW, Gimou MM, Houghton LA, Friedman A, Tarini A, Stamm RA, Brown KH.
J Nutr. 2017 Jul;147(7):1426-1436. -
Retrospective assessment of cost savings from prevention: Folic acid fortification and spina bifida in the U.S
Grosse SD, Berry RJ, Mick Tilford J, Kucik JE, Waitzman NJ.
Am J Prev Med. 2016 May;50(5 Suppl 1):S74-80. -
Components of Successful Staple Food Fortification Programs: Lessons From Latin America
Martorell R, de Romana DL.
Food Nutr Bull. 2017 Sep;38(3):384-404. -
Large-scale wheat flour folic acid fortification program increases plasma folate levels among women of reproductive age in urban Tanzania
Noor RA, Abioye AI, Ulenga N, Msham S, Kaishozi G, Gunaratna NS, Mwiru R, Smith E, Dhillon CN, Spiegelman D, Fawzi W.
PLoS One. 2017 ;12(8):e0182099. -
Folate deficiency is prevalent in women of childbearing age in Belize and is negatively affected by coexisting vitamin B-12 deficiency: Belize National Micronutrient Survey 2011
Rosenthal J, Largaespada N, Bailey LB, Cannon M, Alverson CJ, Ortiz D, Kauwell GP, Sniezek J, Figueroa R, Daly R, Allen P.
J Nutr. 2017 Jun;147(6):1183-1193. -
U.S. women of childbearing age who are at possible increased risk of a neural tube defect-affected pregnancy due to suboptimal red blood cell folate concentrations, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007 to 2012
Tinker SC, Hamner HC, Qi YP, Crider KS.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2015 Jun;103(6):517-26. -
Assessing the association between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism and blood folate concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials and observational studies
Tsang BL, Devine OJ, Cordero AM, Marchetta CM, Mulinare J, Mersereau P, Guo J, Qi YP, Berry RJ, Rosenthal J, Crider KS, Hamner HC.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun;101(6):1286-94. -
Describing the prevalence of neural tube defects worldwide: A systematic literature review
Zaganjor I, Sekkarie A, Tsang BL, Williams J, Razzaghi H, Mulinare J, Sniezek JE, Cannon MJ, Rosenthal J.
PLoS One. 2016 ;11(4):e0151586.
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Maternal and Child Health – Global Prevention of Neural Tube Defects
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CDC Authored Publications
The names of CDC authors are indicated in bold text.
Articles published in the past 6-8 weeks authored by CDC or ATSDR staff.-
Chronic Diseases and Conditions
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Trends in prostate cancer incidence rates and prevalence of prostate-specific antigen screening by socioeconomic status and regions in the US, 2004- 2013
Houston KA, King J, Li J, Jemal A.
J Urol. 2017 Sep 28. -
Estimating health benefits and cost-savings for achieving the Healthy People 2020 objective of reducing invasive colorectal cancer
Hung MC, Ekwueme DU, White A, Rim SH, King JB, Wang JD, Chang SH.
Prev Med. 2017 Sep 27. -
Emergency department, hospital inpatient, and mortality burden of atrial fibrillation in the United States, 2006 to 2014
Jackson SL, Tong X, Yin X, George MG, Ritchey MD.
Am J Cardiol. 2017 Aug 30. -
Excessive weight gain, obesity, and cancer: Opportunities for clinical intervention
Massetti GM, Dietz WH, Richardson LC.
Jama. 2017 Oct 03.[No abstract]
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Communicable Diseases
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Identifying gaps in HIV policy and practice along the HIV care continuum: evidence from a national policy review and health facility surveys in urban and rural Kenya
Cawley C, McRobie E, Oti S, Njamwea B, Nyaguara A, Odhiambo F, Otieno F, Njage M, Shoham T, Church K, Mee P, Todd J, Zaba B, Reniers G, Wringe A.
Health Policy Plan. 2017 Nov 01;32(9):1316-1326. -
Incidence of measles in the United States, 2001-2015
Clemmons NS, Wallace GS, Patel M, Gastanaduy PA.
Jama. 2017 Oct 03;318(13):1279-1281.[No abstract]
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Global HIV antiretroviral drug resistance: A perspective and report of a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases consultation
Godfrey C, Thigpen MC, Crawford KW, Jean-Phillippe P, Pillay D, Persaud D, Kuritzkes DR, Wainberg M, Raizes E, Fitzgibbon J.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Jun 17.[No abstract]
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Rates of virological suppression and drug resistance in adult HIV-1-positive patients attending primary healthcare facilities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Hunt GM, Dokubo EK, Takuva S, de Oliveira T, Ledwaba J, Dube N, Moodley P, Sabatier J, Deyde V, Morris L, Raizes E.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017 Aug 03. -
Trends in diagnoses among hospitalizations of HIV-infected children and adolescents in the United States: 2003-2012
Hurst SA, Ewing AC, Ellington SR, Kourtis AP.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2017 Oct;36(10):981-987. -
Delta hepatitis: Towards improved diagnostics
Kamili S, Drobeniuc J, Mixson-Hayden T, Kodani M.
Hepatology. 2017 Sep 29.[No abstract]
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Antimicrobial drug prescription and Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility, United States, 2005-2013
Kirkcaldy RD, Bartoces MG, Soge OO, Riedel S, Kubin G, Del Rio C, Papp JR, Hook EW, Hicks LA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Oct;23(10):1657-1663. -
Rhinovirus viremia in patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia
Lu X, Schneider E, Jain S, Bramley AM, Hymas W, Stockmann C, Ampofo K, Arnold SR, Williams DJ, Self WH, Patel A, Chappell JD, Grijalva CG, Anderson EJ, Wunderink RG, McCullers JA, Edwards KM, Pavia AT, Erdman DD.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Aug 29. -
Predictors of voluntary medical male circumcision prevalence among men aged 25-39 years in Nyanza region, Kenya: Results from the baseline survey of the TASCO study
Odoyo-June E, Agot K, Grund JM, Onchiri F, Musingila P, Mboya E, Emusu D, Onyango J, Ohaga S, Soo L, Otieno-Nyunya B.
PLoS One. 2017 ;12(10):e0185872. -
Inhibition of rubella virus replication by the broad-spectrum drug nitazoxanide in cell culture and in a patient with a primary immune deficiency
Perelygina L, Hautala T, Seppanen M, Adebayo A, Sullivan KE, Icenogle J.
Antiviral Res. 2017 Sep 30. -
Impact of rapid susceptibility testing and antibiotic selection strategy on the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in gonorrhea
Tuite AR, Gift TL, Chesson HW, Hsu K, Salomon JA, Grad YH.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Aug 31. -
A point system to forecast hepatocellular carcinoma risk before and after treatment among persons with chronic hepatitis C
Xing J, Spradling PR, Moorman AC, Holmberg SD, Teshale EH, Rupp LB, Gordon SC, Lu M, Boscarino JA, Schmidt MA, Trinacty CM, Xu F.
Dig Dis Sci. 2017 Sep 30. -
Estimated rates of influenza-associated outpatient visits during 2001-2010 in six US integrated health care delivery organizations
Zhou H, Thompson WW, Belongia EA, Fowlkes A, Baxter R, Jacobsen SJ, Jackson ML, Glanz JM, Naleway AL, Ford DC, Weintraub E, Shay DK.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2017 Sep 27.
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Disaster Control and Emergency Services
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Development of a course on complex humanitarian emergencies: Preparation for the impact of climate change
Williams H, Downes E.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2017 Sep 28.
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Disease Reservoirs and Vectors
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Rickettsia parkeri (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) detected in ticks of the Amblyomma maculatum (Acari: Ixodidae) group collected from multiple locations in southern Arizona
Allerdice ME, Beati L, Yaglom H, Lash RR, Delgado-de la Mora J, Licona-Enriquez JD, Delgado-de la Mora D, Paddock CD.
J Med Entomol. 2017 Jul 24. -
Molecular surveillance for Bartonella, Borrelia, and Rickettsia species in ticks from desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in southern California
Billeter SA, Osikowicz LM, Burns JE, Konde L, Gonzales BJ, Hu R, Kosoy MY.
J Wildl Dis. 2017 Oct 04. -
Assessing monkeypox virus prevalence in small mammals at the human-animal interface in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Doty JB, Malekani JM, Kalemba LN, Stanley WT, Monroe BP, Nakazawa YU, Mauldin MR, Bakambana TL, Liyandja Dja Liyandja T, Braden ZH, Wallace RM, Malekani DV, McCollum AM, Gallardo-Romero N, Kondas A, Peterson AT, Osorio JE, Rocke TE, Karem KL, Emerson GL, Carroll DS.
Viruses. 2017 Oct 03;9(10). -
Protection of bats (Eptesicus fuscus) against rabies following topical or oronasal exposure to a recombinant raccoon poxvirus vaccine
Stading B, Ellison JA, Carson WC, Satheshkumar PS, Rocke TE, Osorio JE.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 Oct 04;11(10):e0005958. -
Francisella-like endosymbiont detected in Haemaphysalis ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from the Republic of Korea
Takhampunya R, Kim HC, Chong ST, Korkusol A, Tippayachai B, Davidson SA, Petersen JM, Klein TA.
J Med Entomol. 2017 Jul 12.
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Drug Safety
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Improving safe use of medications during pregnancy: The roles of patients, physicians, and pharmacists
Lynch MM, Amoozegar JB, McClure EM, Squiers LB, Broussard CS, Lind JN, Polen KN, Frey MT, Gilboa SM, Biermann J.
Qual Health Res. 2017 Oct 01:1049732317732027. -
Evidence of superficial knowledge regarding antibiotics and their use: Results of two cross-sectional surveys in an urban informal settlement in Kenya
Omulo S, Thumbi SM, Lockwood S, Verani JR, Bigogo G, Masyongo G, Call DR.
PLoS One. 2017 ;12(10):e0185827.
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Entomology
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Duplex real-time PCR assay distinguishes Aedes aegypti from Ae. albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) using DNA from sonicated first-instar larvae
Kothera L, Byrd B, Savage HM.
J Med Entomol. 2017 Jul 25.
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Environmental Health
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Plasma concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances at baseline and associations with glycemic indicators and diabetes incidence among high-risk adults in the Diabetes Prevention Program Trial
Cardenas A, Gold DR, Hauser R, Kleinman KP, Hivert MF, Calafat AM, Ye X, Webster TF, Horton ES, Oken E.
Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Oct 02;125(10):107001. -
Environmental exposure to manganese in air: Tremor, motor and cognitive symptom profiles
Kornblith ES, Casey SL, Lobdell DT, Colledge MA, Bowler RM.
Neurotoxicology. 2017 Sep 28. -
Environmental survey of drinking water sources in Kampala, Uganda during a typhoid fever outbreak
Murphy JL, Kahler AM, Nansubuga I, Nanyunja EM, Kaplan B, Jothikumar N, Routh J, Gomez GA, Mintz ED, Hill VR.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017 Sep 29. -
Reactive indoor air chemistry and health – A workshop summary
Wells JR, Schoemaecker C, Carslaw N, Waring MS, Ham JE, Nelissen I, Wolkoff P.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2017 Sep 23.
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Epidemiology and Surveillance
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Evaluation of syndromic surveillance systems in 6 US state and local health departments
Thomas MJ, Yoon PW, Collins JM, Davidson AJ, Mac Kenzie WR.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2017 Sep 28.
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Food Safety
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Geospatial mapping of early cases in multistate foodborne disease outbreaks: A strategy to expedite identification of contaminated imported produce, United States, 2006 to 2013
Chen Parker C, McKenna C, Wise M, Gezon C, Klontz KC.
J Food Prot. 2017 Oct 05:1821-1831.
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Health Communication and Education
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The U.S. National Action Plan to Improve Health Literacy: A model for positive organizational change
Baur C, Harris L, Squire E.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 2017 ;240:186-202.
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Immunity and Immunization
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Planning and implementing immunization billing programs at state and local health departments: Barriers and possible solutions
Corriero R, Redmon G.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2017 Sep 28. -
Pneumococcal vaccination among adults with work-related asthma
Dodd KE, Mazurek JM.
Am J Prev Med. 2017 Sep 22. -
Febrile seizure risk after vaccination in children one to five months of age
Duffy J, Hambidge SJ, Jackson LA, Kharbanda EO, Klein NP, Naleway A, Omer SB, Weintraub E.
Pediatr Neurol. 2017 Aug 23. -
Meningococcal carriage following a university serogroup B meningococcal disease outbreak and vaccination campaign with MenB-4C and MenB-FHbp – Oregon, 2015-2016
McNamara LA, Thomas JD, MacNeil J, Chang HY, Day M, Fisher E, Martin S, Poissant T, Schmink SE, Steward-Clark E, Jenkins LT, Wang X, Acosta A.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Aug 26. -
Reduction in diarrhea- and rotavirus-related healthcare visits among children <5 years of age after national rotavirus vaccine introduction in Zimbabwe
Mujuru HA, Yen C, Nathoo KJ, Gonah NA, Ticklay I, Mukaratirwa A, Berejena C, Tapfumanei O, Chindedza K, Rupfutse M, Weldegebriel G, Mwenda JM, Burnett E, Tate JE, Parashar UD, Manangazira P.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2017 Oct;36(10):995-999. -
Association between parent attitudes and receipt of human papillomavirus vaccine in adolescents
VanWormer JJ, Bendixsen CG, Vickers ER, Stokley S, McNeil MM, Gee J, Belongia EA, McLean HQ.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Oct 02;17(1):766.
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Injury and Violence
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Factors associated with physical violence by a sexual partner among girls and women in rural Kenya
Gust DA, Pan Y, Otieno F, Hayes T, Omoro T, Phillips-Howard PA, Odongo F, Otieno GO.
J Glob Health. 2017 Dec;7(2):020406. -
Health system and law enforcement synergies for injury surveillance, control and prevention: a scoping review
Jacoby SF, Kollar LM, Ridgeway G, Sumner SA.
Inj Prev. 2017 Sep 29.
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Laboratory Sciences
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Improving laboratory efficiency in the Caribbean to attain the World Health Organization HIV Treat All recommendations
Alemnji GA, Chase M, Branch S, Guevara G, Nkengasong JN, Albalak R.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2017 Oct 01. -
Pulmonary toxicity following acute coexposures to diesel particulate matter and alpha-quartz crystalline silica in the Sprague-Dawley rat
Farris BY, Antonini JM, Fedan JS, Mercer RR, Roach KA, Chen BT, Schwegler-Berry D, Kashon ML, Barger MW, Roberts JR.
Inhal Toxicol. 2017 Oct 01:1-18. -
High-density microprojection array delivery to rat skin of low doses of trivalent inactivated poliovirus vaccine elicits potent neutralising antibody responses
Muller DA, Fernando GJ, Owens NS, Agyei-Yeboah C, Wei JC, Depelsenaire AC, Forster A, Fahey P, Weldon WC, Oberste MS, Young PR, Kendall MA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 03;7(1):12644. -
Novel multipurpose pod-intravaginal ring for the prevention of HIV, HSV, and unintended pregnancy: Pharmacokinetic evaluation in a macaque model
Smith JM, Moss JA, Srinivasan P, Butkyavichene I, Gunawardana M, Fanter R, Miller CS, Sanchez D, Yang F, Ellis S, Zhang J, Marzinke MA, Hendrix CW, Kapoor A, Baum MM.
PLoS One. 2017 ;12(10):e0185946. -
Joint toxicity of different heavy metal mixtures after a short-term oral repeated-administration in rats
Su H, Li Z, Fiati Kenston SS, Shi H, Wang Y, Song X, Gu Y, Barber T, Aldinger J, Zou B, Ding M, Zhao J, Lin X.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Oct 01;14(10). -
Early assessment and correlations of nanoclay’s toxicity to their physical and chemical properties
Wagner AL, White AP, Stueckle TA, Banerjee D, Sierros KA, Rojanasakul Y, Agarwal S, Gupta RK, Dinu CZ.
ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. 2017 ;9(37):32323-32335. -
Multiplex RT-PCR for simultaneous surveillance of influenza A and B viruses
Zhou B, Deng YM, Barnes JR, Sessions O, Chou TW, Wilson M, Stark TJ, Volk M, Spirason N, Halpin RA, Kamaraj US, Ding T, Stockwell TB, Salvatore M, Ghedin E, Barr IG, Wentworth DE.
J Clin Microbiol. 2017 Oct 04.
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Nutritional Sciences
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The validity of predictive equations to estimate 24-hour sodium excretion: The MESA and CARDIA Urinary Sodium Study
Allen NB, Zhao L, Loria CM, Van Horn L, Wang CY, Pfeiffer CM, Cogswell ME, Wright J, Liu K.
Am J Epidemiol. 2017 Jul 15;186(2):149-159. -
Experiences and lessons learned for delivery of micronutrient powders interventions
Reerink I, Namaste SM, Poonawala A, Nyhus Dhillon C, Aburto N, Chaudhery D, Kroeun H, Griffiths M, Haque MR, Bonvecchio A, Jefferds ME, Rawat R.
Matern Child Nutr. 2017 Sep;13 Suppl 1.
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Occupational Safety and Health
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Sleep apnea and pesticide exposure in a study of US farmers
Baumert BO, Carnes MU, Hoppin JA, Jackson CL, Sandler DP, Freeman LB, Henneberger PK, Umbach DM, Shrestha S, Long S, London SJ.
Sleep Health. 2017 . -
Factors associated with crewmember survival of cold water immersion due to commercial fishing vessel sinkings in Alaska
Lucas DL, Case SL, Lincoln JM, Watson JR.
Safety Science. 2018 January;101:190-196. -
Meta-analysis of chromosomal aberrations as a biomarker of exposure in healthcare workers occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs
Roussel C, Witt KL, Shaw PB, Connor TH.
Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res. 2017 .
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Parasitic Diseases
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Household costs among patients hospitalized with malaria: evidence from a national survey in Malawi, 2012
Hennessee I, Chinkhumba J, Briggs-Hagen M, Bauleni A, Shah MP, Chalira A, Moyo D, Dodoli W, Luhanga M, Sande J, Ali D, Gutman J, Lindblade KA, Njau J, Mathanga DP.
Malar J. 2017 Oct 02;16(1):395. -
The effect of holes in long-lasting insecticidal nets on malaria in Malawi: results from a case-control study
Minta AA, Landman KZ, Mwandama DA, Shah MP, Eng JL, Sutcliffe JF, Chisaka J, Lindblade KA, Mathanga DP, Steinhardt LC.
Malar J. 2017 Oct 02;16(1):394. -
Protocol and baseline data for a multi-year cohort study of the effects of different mass drug treatment approaches on functional morbidities from schistosomiasis in four African countries
Shen Y, King CH, Binder S, Zhang F, Whalen CC, Secor WE, Montgomery SP, Mwinzi PN, Olsen A, Magnussen P, Kinung’hi S, Phillips AE, Nala R, Ferro J, Aurelio HO, Fleming F, Garba A, Hamidou A, Fenwick A, Campbell CH, Colley DG.
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 29;17(1):652. -
A persistent hotspot of Schistosoma mansoni infection in a five-year randomized trial of praziquantel preventative chemotherapy strategies
Wiegand RE, Mwinzi PN, Montgomery SP, Chan YL, Andiego K, Omedo M, Muchiri G, Ogutu MO, Rawago F, Odiere MR, Karanja DM, Secor WE.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 16. -
Knowledge and perception towards net care and repair practice in Ethiopia
Zewde A, Irish S, Woyessa A, Wuletaw Y, Nahusenay H, Abdelmenan S, Demissie M, Gulema H, Dissanayake G, Chibsa S, Solomon H, Yenehun MA, Kebede A, Lorenz LM, Ponce-de-Leon G, Keating J, Worku A, Berhane Y.
Malar J. 2017 Oct 02;16(1):396.
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Physical Activity
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Objectively measured physical activity and risk of knee osteoarthritis
Qin J, Barbour KE, Nevitt MC, Helmick CG, Hootman JM, Murphy LB, Cauley JA, Dunlop DD.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017 Oct 02.
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Reproductive Health
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Use of contraception among U.S. women reporting postpartum depressive symptoms, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2009-2011
Lawley ME, Haddad L, Burley K, Farr SL.
Contraception. 2017 Sep 25. -
Embryo cryopreservation and preeclampsia risk
Sites CK, Wilson D, Barsky M, Bernson D, Bernstein IM, Boulet S, Zhang Y.
Fertil Steril. 2017 Sep 30.
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Substance Use and Abuse
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Contribution of opioid-involved poisoning to the change in life expectancy in the United States, 2000-2015
Dowell D, Arias E, Kochanek K, Anderson R, Guy GP, Losby JL, Baldwin G.
Jama. 2017 Sep 19;318(11):1065-1067.[No abstract]
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Cadmium and cadmium/zinc ratios and tobacco-related morbidities
Richter P, Faroon O, Pappas RS.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Sep 29;14(10).
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Zoonotic and Vectorborne Diseases
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Zoonotic and vector borne agents causing disease in adult patients hospitalized due to fever of unknown origin in Thailand
Hinjoy S, Wacharapluesadee S, Iamsirithaworn S, Smithsuwan P, Padungtod P.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. 2017 01 Oct;7(10):577-581.
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Chronic Diseases and Conditions
CDC Science Clips Production Staff
- John Iskander, MD MPH, Editor
- Gail Bang, MLIS, Librarian
- Kathy Tucker, Librarian
- William (Bill) Thomas, MLIS, Librarian
- Onnalee Gomez, MS, Health Scientist
- Jarvis Sims, MIT, MLIS, Librarian
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DISCLAIMER: Articles listed in the CDC Science Clips are selected by the Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library to provide current awareness of the public health literature. An article's inclusion does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.
- Page last reviewed: October 13, 2017
- Page last updated: October 13, 2017
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