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Public Health Assessment
Fish and Shellfish Evaluation,
Isla de Vieques Bombing Range,
Vieques, Puerto Rico

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June 27, 2003

Prepared by:

Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

Historical Document

This Web site is provided by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) ONLY as an historical reference for the public health community. It is no longer being maintained and the data it contains may no longer be current and/or accurate.

Appendix D Continued

Table D-1.
Exposure Doses for Chemicals Below the Oral Health Guideline in Fish
Chemical	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Chemical	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Aluminum	13.5	0.0438	0.0958	1.0	chronic RfD
Barium	6.59	0.0214	0.0467	0.07	chronic RfD
Beryllium	0.02	0.00006	0.00014	0.001	chronic MRL
Cadmium	0.08	0.00026	0.00057	0.001	chronic RfD (food)
Cobalt	0.11	0.0004	0.0008	0.02	chronic RfD
Manganese	3.09	0.0100	0.0219	0.14	chronic RfD (food)
Nickel	1.28	0.0042	0.0091	0.02	chronic RfD
Silver	0.11	0.0004	0.0008	0.005	chronic RfD
Vanadium	0.09	0.0003	0.0006	0.007	chronic RfD
Zinc	24.7	0.0801	0.1752	0.3	chronic MRL/RfD

Notes: Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

Table D-2.
Exposure Doses for Chemicals Below the Oral Health Guideline in Shellfish
Metal	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Metal	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Aluminum	43.9	0.1424	0.3114	1.0	chronic RfD
Barium	7.25	0.0235	0.0514	0.07	chronic RfD
Beryllium	0.02	0.00006	0.00014	0.001	chronic MRL
Cobalt	0.09	0.0003	0.0006	0.02	chronic RfD
Manganese	5.06	0.0164	0.0359	0.14	chronic RfD (food)
Silver	0.19	0.0006	0.0013	0.005	chronic RfD
Vanadium	0.27	0.0009	0.0019	0.007	chronic RfD

Note: Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

Table D-3.
Estimated Exposure Doses from Ingestion of Fish
Metal	Level of Exposure	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Metal	Level of Exposure	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Arsenic	7 days/week	29.25	0.095*	0.207*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	5 days/week	29.25	0.068*	0.148*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	4 days/week	29.25	0.054*	0.118*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	2 days/week	29.25	0.027*	0.059*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	1 day/week	29.25	0.014*	0.030*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
Chromium	7 days/week	1.99	0.0065*	0.0141*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	5 days/week	1.99	0.0046*	0.0101*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	4 days/week	1.99	0.0037*	0.0180*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	2 days/week	1.99	0.0018	0.0040*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	1 day/week	1.99	0.0009	0.0020*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
Copper	7 days/week	8.21	0.027	0.058*	0.04	chronic RfD
	5 days/week	8.21	0.019	0.041*	0.04	chronic RfD
	4 days/week	8.21	0.015	0.033	0.04	chronic RfD
	2 days/week	8.21	0.008	0.017	0.04	chronic RfD
	1 day/week	8.21	0.004	0.008	0.04	chronic RfD
Iron	7 days/week	57.78	0.19	0.41*	0.3	chronic RfD
	5 days/week	57.78	0.13	0.29	0.3	chronic RfD
	4 days/week	57.78	0.11	0.23	0.3	chronic RfD
	2 days/week	57.78	0.05	0.12	0.3	chronic RfD
	1 day/week	57.78	0.03	0.06	0.3	chronic RfD
Lead	7 days/week	1.94	0.0063	0.0138	NA	NA
	5 days/week	1.94	0.0045	0.0098	NA	NA
	4 days/week	1.94	0.0036	0.0078	NA	NA
	2 days/week	1.94	0.0018	0.0039	NA	NA
	1 day/week	1.94	0.0009	0.0020	NA	NA
Mercury, total	7 days/week	0.33	0.00107*	0.00234*	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	5 days/week	0.33	0.00076*	0.00167*	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	4 days/week	0.33	0.00061*	0.00133*	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	2 days/week	0.33	0.00030	0.00067*	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	1 day/week	0.33	0.00015	0.00033*	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
Methylmercury	7 days/week	0.082	0.00027	0.00058*	0.0003	chronic MRL
	5 days/week	0.082	0.00019	0.00042*	0.0003	chronic MRL
	4 days/week	0.082	0.00015	0.00033*	0.0003	chronic MRL
	2 days/week	0.082	0.00008	0.00017	0.0003	chronic MRL
	1 day/week	0.082	0.00004	0.00008	0.0003	chronic MRL
Selenium	7 days/week	2.48	0.0080*	0.0176*	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	5 days/week	2.48	0.0057*	0.0125*	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	4 days/week	2.48	0.0046	0.0100*	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	2 days/week	2.48	0.0023	0.0050	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	1 day/week	2.48	0.0011	0.0025	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD

* Estimated exposure exceeds health guideline; however, an exposure dose that is higher than the MRL or RfD does not necessarily result in harmful health effects. These metals are further evaluated.

Note: Exposure doses were calculated using the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

Table D-4.
Estimated Exposure Doses from Ingestion of Shellfish
Metal	Level of Exposure	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Metal	Level of Exposure	Maximum Detected Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Oral Health Guideline (mg/kg/day)	Basis for Health Guideline
Arsenic	7 days/week	48.28	0.157*	0.342*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	5 days/week	48.28	0.112*	0.244*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	4 days/week	48.28	0.0892*	0.195*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	2 days/week	48.28	0.045*	0.098*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
	1 day/week	48.28	0.022*	0.049*	0.0003	chronic MRL/RfD
Cadmium	7 days/week	0.69	0.0022*	0.0049*	0.001	chronic RfD (food)
	5 days/week	0.69	0.0016*	0.0035*	0.001	chronic RfD (food)
	4 days/week	0.69	0.0013*	0.0028*	0.001	chronic RfD (food)
	2 days/week	0.69	0.0006	0.0014*	0.001	chronic RfD (food)
	1 day/week	0.69	0.0003	0.0007	0.001	chronic RfD (food)
Chromium	7 days/week	1.29	0.0042*	0.0092*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	5 days/week	1.29	0.0030	0.0065*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	4 days/week	1.29	0.0024	0.0052*	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	2 days/week	1.29	0.0012	0.0026	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
	1 day/week	1.29	0.0006	0.0013	0.003	chronic RfD (CrVI)
Copper	7 days/week	17.6	0.057*	0.124*	0.04	chronic RfD
	5 days/week	17.6	0.041*	0.089*	0.04	chronic RfD
	4 days/week	17.6	0.032	0.071*	0.04	chronic RfD
	2 days/week	17.6	0.016	0.035	0.04	chronic RfD
	1 day/week	17.6	0.008	0.018	0.04	chronic RfD
Iron	7 days/week	162	0.52*	1.15*	0.3	chronic RfD
	5 days/week	162	0.37*	0.82*	0.3	chronic RfD
	4 days/week	162	0.30	0.65*	0.3	chronic RfD
	2 days/week	162	0.15	0.33*	0.3	chronic RfD
	1 day/week	162	0.07	0.16	0.3	chronic RfD
Lead	7 days/week	0.57	0.0018	0.0040	NA	NA
	5 days/week	0.57	0.0013	0.0029	NA	NA
	4 days/week	0.57	0.0011	0.0023	NA	NA
	2 days/week	0.57	0.0005	0.0012	NA	NA
	1 day/week	0.57	0.0003	0.0006	NA	NA
Mercury, total	7 days/week	0.05	0.00016	0.00036*	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	5 days/week	0.05	0.00012	0.00025	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	4 days/week	0.05	0.00009	0.00020	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	2 days/week	0.05	0.00005	0.00010	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
	1 day/week	0.05	0.00002	0.00005	0.0003	chronic MRL (MeHg)
Methylmercury	7 days/week	0.019	0.00006	0.00014	0.0003	chronic MRL
	5 days/week	0.019	0.00004	0.00010	0.0003	chronic MRL
	4 days/week	0.019	0.00004	0.00008	0.0003	chronic MRL
	2 days/week	0.019	0.00002	0.00004	0.0003	chronic MRL
	1 day/week	0.019	0.00001	0.00002	0.0003	chronic MRL
Selenium	7 days/week	1.16	0.0038	0.0082*	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	5 days/week	1.16	0.0027	0.0059*	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	4 days/week	1.16	0.0021	0.0047	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	2 days/week	1.16	0.0011	0.0023	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
	1 day/week	1.16	0.0005	0.0012	0.005	chronic MRL/RfD
Zinc	7 days/week	96.6	0.31*	0.69*	0.3	chronic MRL/RfD
	5 days/week	96.6	0.22	0.49*	0.3	chronic MRL/RfD
	4 days/week	96.6	0.18	0.39*	0.3	chronic MRL/RfD
	2 days/week	96.6	0.09	0.20	0.3	chronic MRL/RfD
	1 day/week	96.6	0.04	0.10	0.3	chronic MRL/RfD

* Estimated exposure exceeds health guideline; however, an exposure dose that is higher than the MRL or RfD does not necessarily result in harmful health effects. These metals are further evaluated.

Note: Exposure doses were calculated using the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

Table D-5.
Inorganic Arsenic Exposure Doses According to Location
Location	Fish			Shellfish
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
1 - North LIA	3.8	0.0025	0.0054	9.9	0.0064	0.0140
2 - South LIA	1.3	0.0008	0.0018	5.3	0.0034	0.0075
3 - Esperanza	4.4	0.0029	0.0062	8.3	0.0054	0.0118
4 - Isabel Segunda	1.9	0.0012	0.0027	NS	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	8.0	0.0052	0.0114	31.7	0.0206	0.0450
6 - West Vieques	3.9	0.0025	0.0055	2.7	0.0018	0.0038
All Locations	4.0	0.0026	0.0057	11.1	0.0072	0.0157

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED x 0.2) / (BW x AT).

The body metabolizes arsenic into a less harmful form at doses of 0.05 mg/kg/day.

Health effects were reported from exposure to 0.014 mg/kg/day.

Cancer effects were reported from exposures to 0.01-0.05 mg/kg/day.

NS = not sampled

Table D-6.
Inorganic Arsenic Exposure Doses for Species of Shellfish
Species	Level of Exposure	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)
Species	Level of Exposure	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
Lobster	7 days/week	32.9	0.0213	0.0467
	5 days/week	32.9	0.0152	0.0332
	4 days/week	32.9	0.0122	0.0266
	2 days/week	32.9	0.0061	0.0133
	1 day/week	32.9	0.0030	0.0066
Conch	7 days/week	3.9	0.0025	0.0055
Land Crab	7 days/week	2.6	0.0017	0.0037

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED x 0.2) / (BW x AT).

The body metabolizes arsenic into a less harmful form at doses of 0.05 mg/kg/day.

Health effects were reported from exposure to 0.014 mg/kg/day.

Cancer effects were reported from exposures to 0.01-0.05 mg/kg/day.

Table D-7.
Cadmium Exposure Doses According to Location
Location	Shellfish
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
1 - North LIA	0.34	0.0011	0.0024
2 - South LIA	0.27	0.0009	0.0019
3 - Esperanza	0.49	0.0016	0.0035
4 - Isabel Segunda	NS	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	ND	ND	ND
6 - West Vieques	0.34	0.0011	0.0024
All Locations	0.36	0.0012	0.0026

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

No adverse health effects were reported from exposure to 0.01 mg/kg/day.

Cancer effects were reported from exposure to 3.5 mg/kg/day.

ND = not detected

NS = not sampled

Table D-8.
Chromium Exposure Doses According to Location
Location	Fish			Shellfish
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
1 - North LIA	0.14	0.0005	0.0010	0.16	0.0005	0.0011
2 - South LIA	0.25	0.0008	0.0018	0.38	0.0012	0.0027
3 - Esperanza	0.23	0.0007	0.0016	0.12	0.0004	0.0009
4 - Isabel Segunda	0.10	0.0003	0.0007	NS	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	0.13	0.0004	0.0009	0.13	0.0004	0.0009
6 - West Vieques	0.11	0.0003	0.0008	0.10	0.0003	0.0007
All Locations	0.16	0.0005	0.0011	0.19	0.0006	0.0013

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

No adverse health effects were reported from exposure to 2.5 mg/kg/day.

NS = not sampled

Table D-9.
Copper Daily Doses According to Location
Location	Fish			Shellfish
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Daily Dose (mg/day)		Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Daily Dose (mg/day)
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
1 - North LIA	0.45	0.10	0.05	9.5	2.16	1.08
2 - South LIA	0.54	0.12	0.06	10.0	2.27	1.14
3 - Esperanza	0.55	0.12	0.06	3.8	0.86	0.43
4 - Isabel Segunda	0.46	0.10	0.05	NS	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	0.92	0.21	0.10	10.4	2.36	1.18
6 - West Vieques	0.44	0.10	0.05	3.2	0.73	0.36
All Locations	0.56	0.13	0.06	7.8	1.77	0.89

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Daily doses were calculated using the following formula: Dose = Conc. x IR.

No adverse health effects were reported from exposure to 10 mg/day.

NS = not sampled

Table D-10.
Iron Exposure Doses According to Location
Location	Fish			Shellfish
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
1 - North LIA	6.4	0.021	0.045	18.0	0.058	0.128
2 - South LIA	10.3	0.033	0.073	52.1	0.169	0.370
3 - Esperanza	4.8	0.016	0.034	1.6	0.005	0.011
4 - Isabel Segunda	1.9	0.006	0.013	NS	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	5.0	0.016	0.035	ND	ND	ND
6 - West Vieques	6.8	0.022	0.048	NA	NA	NA
All Locations	6.8	0.022	0.048	36.3	0.118	0.258

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

No adverse health effects were reported from exposure to 0.15-0.27 mg/kg/day.

NA = not available

ND = not detected

NS = not sampled

Table D-11.
Iron Daily Doses According to Location
Location	Fish			Shellfish
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Daily Dose (mg/day)		Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Daily Dose (mg/day)
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
1 - North LIA	6.4	1.5	0.7	18.0	4.1	2.0
2 - South LIA	10.3	2.3	1.2	52.1	11.8	5.9
3 - Esperanza	4.8	1.1	0.5	1.6	0.4	0.2
4 - Isabel Segunda	1.9	0.4	0.2	NS	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	5.0	1.1	0.6	ND	ND	ND
6 - West Vieques	6.8	1.5	0.8	NA	NA	NA
All Locations	6.8	1.5	0.8	36.3	8.2	4.1

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Daily doses were calculated using the following formula: Dose = Conc. x IR.

Childhood poisoning was reported from exposure to 200 mg/event.

NA = not available

ND = not detected

NS = not sampled

Table D-12.
Lead Exposure Doses According to Location
Location	Fish			Shellfish
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)		Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Exposure Dose (mg/kg/day)
	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child	Average Concentration (ppm)	Adult	Child
1 - North LIA	1.06	0.0034	0.0075	ND	ND	ND
2 - South LIA	0.23	0.0007	0.0016	0.27	0.0009	0.0019
3 - Esperanza	0.21	0.0007	0.0015	0.18	0.0006	0.0013
4 - Isabel Segunda	0.17	0.0006	0.0012	NS	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	0.24	0.0008	0.0017	0.20	0.0006	0.0014
6 - West Vieques	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
All Locations	0.27	0.0009	0.0019	0.25	0.0008	0.0018

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Exposure doses were calculated using 365 days/year for EF in the formula described in the Deriving exposure doses section of this appendix: (Conc. x IR x EF x ED) / (BW x AT).

No adverse health effects were reported from exposure to 0.57-27 mg/kg/day.

Cancer health effects were reported from exposure to 27 to 371 mg/kg/day.

ND = not detected

NS = not sampled

Table D-13.
Blood Lead Levels According to Location
Location	Fish		Shellfish
Location	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Blood Lead Level (mg/dl)	Average Concentration (ppm)	Estimated Blood Lead Level (mg/dl)
1 - North LIA	1.06	0.25	ND	ND
2 - South LIA	0.23	0.06	0.27	0.06
3 - Esperanza	0.21	0.05	0.18	0.04
4 - Isabel Segunda	0.17	0.04	NS	NS
5 - Fish Market	0.24	0.06	0.20	0.05
6 - West Vieques	ND	ND	ND	ND
All Locations	0.27	0.06	0.25	0.06

Notes: Averages were calculated using detected values only.

Blood lead levels were calculated by multiplying the concentration by a media-specific slope factor (0.24 mg/dl per ppm) as described in the Using other methods to evaluate potential health hazards section of this appendix.

CDC's blood lead level of concern is 10 mg/dl.

ND = not detected

NS = not sampled