ABCs Report: group A Streptococcus, 2000
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February 2, 2010: Content on this page kept for historical reasons.
Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs): Emerging Infections Program Network
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ABCs Areas
California (3 county San Francisco Bay area); Connecticut; Georgia; Maryland (6 county Baltimore area); Minnesota; NewYork (7 county Rochester and 8 county Albany area); Oregon (3 county Portland area); Tennessee (11 urban counties)
ABCs Population
The surveillance areas represent 28,565,842 persons. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2000
ABCs Case Definition
Invasive group A streptococcal disease: isolation of group A Streptococcus from a normally sterile site or from a wound culture accompanied by necrotizing fasciitis or streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in a resident of a surveillance area in 2000.
ABCs Methodology
Project personnel communicated at least monthly with contacts in all microbiology laboratories serving acute care hospitals in their area to identify cases. Standardized case report forms that include information on demographic characteristics, clinical syndrome, and outcome of illness were completed for each identified case. Strainswere typed by the emm system at CDC. Regular laboratory audits assess completeness of active surveillance and detect additional cases.
All rates of invasive group A Streptococcal disease were calculated using U.S. Bureau of the Census population estimates for 2000. For national projections of cases, raceand age-specific rates of disease were applied from the aggregate surveillance area to the age and racial distribution of the 2000 U. S. population. Cases with unknown race were distributed by site based on reported race distribution for known cases within the eight age categories.
Reported ABCs Profiles
Race | No. | (Rate*) |
---|---|---|
White | 601 | (2.9) |
Black | 256 | (5.3) |
Other | 59 | (2.1) |
Unknown race (n=109) distributed among knowns
* Cases per 100,000 population for ABCs areas
Ethnicity | No. | (Rate*) |
---|---|---|
Hispanic | 42 | (2.4) |
Non-Hispanic | 413 | ------ |
Unknown | 461 | ------ |
*Cases per 100,000 population for ABCs areas
Age (years) | Cases No. (Rate*) |
Deaths No. (Rate*) |
---|---|---|
<1 | 20 (5.2) | 1 (0.3) |
1 | 23 (6.0) | 0 (0.0) |
2-4 | 20 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) |
5-17 | 82 (1.5) | 5 (0.1) |
18-34 | 123 (1.8) | 4 (0.1) |
35-49 | 223 (3.2) | 18 (0.3) |
50-64 | 149 (3.5) | 20 (0.5) |
≥ 65 | 276 (8.5) | 59 (1.8) |
Total | 916 (3.2) | 107 (0.4) |
*Cases or deaths per 100,000 population for ABCs areas
ABCs Area | Most common emm types* |
% of area isolates |
---|---|---|
California | 1, 12, 41, 114, 2, 3, 11, 31 | 56.8 |
Connecticut | 1, 28, 3, 89, 12, 22 | 67.9 |
Georgia | 1, 3, 12, 75, 22, 77, 73, 28 | 77.7 |
Maryland | 82, 1, 28, 73, 89 | 60.5 |
Minnesota | 1, 3, 28, 12 | 59.0 |
New York | 1, 3, 4, 12, 28, 89, 83 | 70.1 |
Oregon | 114, 1, 11, 3 | 63.3 |
Tennessee | 1, 12 | 48.6 |
Total | 1, 3, 12, 28, 82 | 50.4 |
*Requires a minimum of 4 isolates and ≥ 5% of isolates typed
Syndrome | No. | (%) |
---|---|---|
Cellulitis | 305 | (33.3) |
Necrotizing fasciitis | 55 | (6.0) |
Pneumonia | 128 | (14.0) |
Primary bacteremia | 323 | (35.3) |
Streptococcal toxic shock | 37 | (4.0) |
Note: Some cases had more than one syndrome.
Potentially preventable invasive group A streptococcal disease
During 2000, 16 cases (ages 4, 8, 10, and 11 months and 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 27, and 33 years) of invasive GAS disease were detected in patients with varicella.
National Estimates of Invasive Disease
Cases: 8,800 (3.1/100,000)
Deaths: 1,000 (0.4/100,000)
Citation
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2001. Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Group A Streptococcus, 2000.
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