ABCs Report: group B Streptococcus, 1997

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Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs): Emerging Infections Program Network

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ABCs Areas

California (3 county San Francisco Bay area); Connecticut; Georgia (20 county Atlanta area); Maryland; Minnesota (7 county Twin Cities area); Oregon (3 county Portland area); Tennessee (5 urban counties)

ABCs Population

The surveillance areas represent 21,001,971 persons and 303,609 live births. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1997; National Center for Health Statistics Vital Records, 1996.

ABCs Case Definition

Invasive group B streptococcal disease: isolation of group B streptococcus from a normally sterile site in a resident of a surveillance area in 1997. Early-onset cases occur at <7 days of age and late-onset occur between 7 and 90 days of age.

ABCs Methodology

Project personnel communicated at least monthly with contacts in all microbiology laboratories serving acute care hospitals in their area to identify cases. Standardized case report forms that include information on demographic characteristics, clinical syndrome, and outcome of illness were completed for each identified case. Regular laboratory audits assess completeness of active surveillance and detach additional cases.

Rates of invasive group B streptococcal disease were calculated using U.S. Bureau of the Census postcensal population estimates for 1997. Rates of early-onset and late -onset group B streptococcal disease were calculated using natality data for 1997. For national projections of cases, race- and age-specific rates of disease were applied from the aggregate surveillance area to the age and racial distribution of the 1997 U.S. population or 1996 live births. Cases with unknown race were distributed by area based on reported race distribution for known cases within the seven age categories.

Reported ABCs Profiles

Race	No.	(Rate^*)
White	860	(5.4)
Black	420	(10.9)
Other	28	(2.2)

Unknown race (n=122) distributed amongst knowns.

^* Cases per 100,000 population for ABCs areas.

Ethnicity	No.	(Rate^*)
Hispanic	61	(5.1)
Non-Hispanic	585	------
Unknown	662	------

^*Cases per 100,000 population for ABCs areas.

Age (years)	Cases No. (Rate^*)	Deaths No. (Rate^*)
<1	339 (115.7)	9 (3.1)
1	4 (1.4)	0 (0.0)
2-4	2 (0.2)	0 (0.0)
5-17	11 (0.3)	1 (0.03)
18-34	93 (1.8)	1 (0.02)
35-49	169 (3.2)	8 (0.2)
50-64	203 (7.2)	25 (0.9)
≥ 65	487 (20.7)	75 (3.2)
Total	1,308 (6.2)	119 (0.6)

^*Cases or deaths per 100,000 population for ABCs areas

Race	Early-Onset No. (Rate^*)	Late-Onset No. (Rate^*)
White	126 (0.6)	58 (0.3)
Black	82 (1.2)	52 (0.7)
Other	4 (0.2)	1 (1.05)
Total	212 (0.7)	111 (0.4)

^* Cases per 1,000 live births for ABCs areas

National Estimates of Invasive Disease

Early-Onset Cases: 2,600 (0.7/1,000 live births)
Late-Onset Cases: 1,300 (0.3/1,000 live births)
Total Cases: 16,600 (6.2/100,000 population)
Deaths: 1,600 (0.6/100,000 population)

Healthy People 2010 Update

Early-Onset Disease

Objective 18: Decrease the incidence of invasive early-onset group B streptococcal disease to 0.5 cases per 1,000 live births.

Race	2010 Objective	1997 Rate^*
White	0.5/1,000	0.6
Black	0.5/1,000	1.2
Other	0.5/1,000	0.2
Total	0.5/1,000	0.7

^* Projected cases per 1,000 live births

Citation

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1998. Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Group B Streptococcus, 1997.

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