Epilepsy in Veterans

November is National Epilepsy Awareness Month and November 11 is Veterans Day. Veterans are at higher risk of developing epilepsy. Learn more about resources to help Veterans and families.

What is Epilepsy?

Epilepsy is a broad term used for a brain disorder that causes seizures. A seizure involves sudden, abnormal electrical activity in the brain that causes brief changes in how a person behaves, thinks, or feels.

How many Veterans have epilepsy?

Epilepsy affects about 2.4 million adults in the United States.¹ Experts aren't sure exactly how many veterans have epilepsy. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) estimated that the prevalence of veterans with epilepsy under treatment at VA facilities was 13.9 per 1000 in 2014.² Imagine a football stadium that could seat 100,000 veterans. That means almost 1,400 of them are treated for epilepsy in VA facilities. The VHA data show that about 13% of veterans with seizures were less than 45 years old, 39% were between 45-65 years old, and about 7% were female.²

Because having active epilepsy will almost always prevent someone from being accepted into the military, epilepsy usually develops in veterans during or following military service.³ Veterans are at higher risk of developing epilepsy than the public because they are more likely to have traumatic brain injuries (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).^4,5 TBI and PTSD are also associated with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). PNES look like seizures but are not associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain and are caused by psychological (mental or emotional) distress.

There is help for veterans who are newly diagnosed with epilepsy.

Find Help

The VHA Epilepsy Centers of Excellence (ECoE) is a network of 16 sites that provides comprehensive treatment and support to veterans with epilepsy or seizure disorders, including PNES.³ The ECoE's new video series, "Veterans and Epilepsy: Basic Training," provides education and aims to reduce epilepsy stigma. This ECoE website also has videos about medicine and side effects, depression, seizure first aid, and other topics.
Additional community-based resources for veterans and families can be found at the Epilepsy Foundation website.

CDC also supports community-based resources and services for all adults with epilepsy, training resources for health care and other professionals, and evaluates epilepsy self-management programs in veterans with epilepsy.

References

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epilepsy in the United States. Accessed September 12, 2016.
2. Department of Veterans Affairs. Epilepsy Centers of Excellence FY15 Annual Report [6.44 MB]. Accessed September 12, 2016.
3. Department of Defense. Department of Defense Instruction 6130.4 Criteria and Procedure Requirements for Physical Standards for Appointment, Enlistment, or Induction in the Armed Forces. Washington, DC; 2004.
4. Rehman R, Kelly PR, Husain AM, Tran TT. Characteris­tics of Veterans diagnosed with seizures within Veterans Health Administration. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(7): 751–62.
5. Pugh MJ, Orman JA, Jaramillo CA, et al. The prevalence of epilepsy and association with traumatic brain injury in veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2015;30(1): 29-37.