Issue 4 January 27, 2015

Each Tuesday, to enhance awareness of emerging scientific knowledge, selected science clips will be posted here for the public health community. The focus is applied public health research and prevention science that has the capacity to improve health now.

1. Top Ten Articles of the Week
   Selected weekly by a senior CDC scientist from the standard sections listed below.
   • Communicable Diseases
     • Treatment for preventing tuberculosis in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial of a 3-month, 12-dose regimen of a combination of rifapentine and isoniazid
       Villarino ME, Scott NA, Weis SE, Weiner M, Conde MB, Jones B, Nachman S, Oliveira R, Moro RN, Shang N, Goldberg SV, Sterling TR.
       JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Jan 12.
       
   • Drug Safety
     • Emergency department visits by children and adolescents for antipsychotic drug adverse events
       Hampton LM, Daubresse M, Chang HY, Alexander GC, Budnitz DS.
       JAMA Psychiatry. 2015 Jan 14.
       
   • Health Communication and Education
     • Bundling of STDs and HIV in prevention messages
       Poehlman J, Uhrig JD, Friedman A, Scales M, Forsythe A, Robinson SJ.
       J Soc Mar. 2015 ;5(1):2-20.
       
   • Immunity and Immunization
     • Hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence among children in Papua New Guinea, 2012-2013
       Kitau R, Sankar Datta S, Patel MK, Hennessey K, Wannemuehler K, Sui G, Lagani W.
       Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Jan 12.
       
     • Early estimates of seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness - United States, January 2015
       Flannery B, Clippard J, Zimmerman RK, Nowalk MP, Jackson ML, Jackson LA, Monto AS, Petrie JG, McLean HQ, Belongia EA, Gaglani M, Berman L, Foust A, Sessions W, Thaker SN, Spencer S, Fry AM.
       MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):10-15.
       
     • Live virus vaccines based on a yellow fever vaccine backbone: standardized template with key considerations for a risk/benefit assessment
       Monath TP, Seligman SJ, Robertson JS, Guy B, Hayes EB, Condit RC, Excler JL, Mac LM, Carbery B, Chen RT.
       Vaccine. 2015 Jan 1;33(1):62-72.
       
   • Laboratory Sciences
     • Improving quality in national reference laboratories: the role of SLMTA and mentorship
       Audu RA, Onubogu CC, Nwokoye NN, Ofuche E, Baboolal S, Oke O, Luman ET, Idigbe EO.
       Afr J Lab Med. 2014 ;3(2).
       
     • The long-acting integrase inhibitor GSK744 protects macaques from repeated intravaginal SHIV challenge
       Radzio J, Spreen W, Yueh YL, Mitchell J, Jenkins L, Garcia-Lerma JG, Heneine W.
       Sci Transl Med. 2015 Jan 14;7(270):270ra5.
       
   • Maternal and Child Health
     • Supplement use and other characteristics among pregnant women with a previous pregnancy affected by a neural tube defect - United States, 1997-2009
       Arth A, Tinker S, Moore C, Canfield M, Agopian A, Reefhuis J.
       MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):6-9.
       
     • Development of a tool to describe overall health, social independence and activity limitation of adolescents and young adults with disability
       Deroche CB, Holland MM, McDermott S, Royer JA, Hardin JW, Mann JR, Salzberg D, Ozturk O, Ouyang L.
       Res Dev Disabil. 2015 Jan 8;38c:288-300.
       
   
   
2. CDC Authored Publications
   The names of CDC authors are indicated in bold text.
   Articles published in the past 6-8 weeks authored by CDC or ATSDR staff.
   • Chronic Diseases and Conditions
     1. Diabetes and fracture risk in older U.S. adults
        Looker AC, Eberhardt MS, Saydah SH.
        Bone. 2015 Jan 7.
        
     2. The Cancer Genomics and Epidemiology Navigator: an NCI online tool to enhance cancer epidemiology research
        Schully SD, Rogers SD, Lam TK, Chang CQ, Clyne M, Cyr J, Watson D, Khoury MJ.
        Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014 Nov;23(11):2610-1.
        
     3. Trends in blood pressure among adults with hypertension: United States, 2003 to 2012
        Yoon SS, Gu Q, Nwankwo T, Wright JD, Hong Y, Burt V.
        Hypertension. 2015 Jan;65(1):54-61.
        
     4. Childhood chronic health conditions and educational attainment: a social ecological approach
        Champaloux SW, Young DR.
        J Adolesc Health. 2015 Jan;56(1):98-105.
        
     5. Cardio-metabolic risk screening among adolescents: understanding the utility of body mass index, waist circumference and waist to height ratio
        Bauer KW, Marcus MD, El Ghormli L, Ogden CL, Foster GD.
        Pediatr Obes. 2014 Dec 17.
        
   • Communicable Diseases
     6. Disparities in capreomycin resistance levels associated with the rrs A1401G mutation in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
        Reeves AZ, Campbell PJ, Willby MJ, Posey JE.
        Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Jan;59(1):444-9.
        
     7. Additional benefits of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for the evaluation of pulmonary TB among inpatients
        Baker BJ, Holtom PD.
        Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Jan 13.
        
     8. Neuraminidase inhibitors, superinfection and corticosteroids affect survival of influenza patients
        Lee N, Leo YS, Cao B, Chan PK, Kyaw WM, Uyeki TM, Tam WW, Cheung CS, Yung IM, Li H, Gu L, Liu Y, Liu Z, Qu J, Hui DS.
        Eur Respir J. 2015 Jan 8.
        
     9. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV Type 1: the role of neonatal and infant prophylaxis
        Hurst SA, Appelgren KE, Kourtis AP.
        Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2015 Feb;13(2):169-81.
        
     10. Sexually transmitted disease partner notification among African-American, adolescent women
         Buchsbaum A, Gallo MF, Whiteman MK, Cwiak C, Goedken P, Kraft JM, Jamieson DJ, Kottke M.
         Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2014 ;2014.
         
     11. Community-based care vs. centralised hospitalisation for MDR-TB patients, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
         Loveday M, Wallengren K, Brust J, Roberts J, Voce A, Margot B, Ngozo J, Master I, Cassell G, Padayatchi N.
         Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Feb;19(2):163-71.
         
     12. Loperamide therapy for voluminous diarrhea in Ebola virus disease
         Chertow DS, Uyeki TM, DuPont HL.
         J Infect Dis. 2015 Jan 8.
         
     13. Estimates on HCV disease burden worldwide - filling the gaps
         Wedemeyer H, Dore GJ, Ward JW.
         J Viral Hepat. 2015 Jan;22 Suppl 1:1-5.
         
     14. Notes from the field: acute flaccid myelitis among persons aged </=21 years - United States, August 1-November 13, 2014
         CDC NCIRD Division of Viral Diseases , CDC NCEZID Division of Vector-Borne Diseases , CDC NCEZID Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology , Children's Hospital Colorado , Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists .
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 9;63(53):1243-4.
         
     15. Use of a nationwide call center for Ebola response and monitoring during a 3-day house-to-house campaign - Sierra Leone, September 2014
         Miller LA, Stanger E, Senesi RG, DeLuca N, Dietz P, Hausman L, Kilmarx PH, Mermin J.
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):28-29.
         
     16. Improving burial practices and cemetery management during an Ebola virus disease epidemic - Sierra Leone, 2014
         Nielsen CF, Kidd S, Sillah AR, Davis E, Mermin J, Kilmarx PH.
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):20-27.
         
     17. Notes from the field: outbreak of diarrheal illness caused by Shigella flexneri - American Samoa, May-June 2014
         Painter JE, Walker AT, Pytell J, Nua MT, Soliai-Lemusu S, Mintz E, Ali I, Parsons M, Martin H, Beach M, Bowen A, Cope J.
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):30.
         
     18. Epidemiology of infant meningococcal disease in the United States, 2006-2012
         MacNeil JR, Bennett N, Farley MM, Harrison LH, Lynfield R, Nichols M, Petit S, Reingold A, Schaffner W, Thomas A, Pondo T, Mayer LW, Clark TA, Cohn AC.
         Pediatrics. 2015 Jan 12.
         
     19. Estimating HIV protective effects of method adherence with combinations of preexposure prophylaxis and condom use among African American men who have sex with men
         Smith DK, Herbst JH, Rose CE.
         Sex Transm Dis. 2015 Feb;42(2):88-92.
         
   • Community Health Services
     20. A systematic review of intervention studies to prevent hospitalizations of community-dwelling older adults with dementia
         Phelan EA, Debnam KJ, Anderson LA, Owens SB.
         Med Care. 2015 Feb;53(2):207-13.
         
   • Environmental Health
     21. Need for certification of household water treatment products: examples from Haiti
         Murray A, Pierre-Louis J, Joseph F, Sylvain G, Patrick M, Lantagne D.
         Trop Med Int Health. 2014 Dec 1.
         
   • Epidemiology and Surveillance
     22. Indicators for chronic disease surveillance - United States, 2013
         Holt JB, Huston SL, Heidari K, Schwartz R, Gollmar CW, Tran A, Bryan L, Liu Y, Croft JB.
         MMWR Recomm Rep. 2015 Jan 9;64(Rr-01):1-246.
         
   • Food Safety
     23. A systems analysis of irrigation water quality in an environmental assessment of an E. coli O157: H7 outbreak in the United States linked to iceberg lettuce
         Gelting RJ, Baloch MA, Zarate-Bermudez M, Hajmeer MN, Yee JC, Brown T, Yee BJ.
         Agric Water Manag. 2015 ;150:111-118.
         
     24. Managerial practices regarding workers working while ill
         Norton DM, Brown LG, Frick R, Carpenter LR, Green AL, Tobin-D'Angelo M, Reimann DW, Blade H, Nicholas DC, Egan JS, Everstine K.
         J Food Prot. 2015 Jan;78(1):187-95.
         
     25. Trichinellosis surveillance - United States, 2008-2012
         Wilson NO, Hall RL, Montgomery SP, Jones JL.
         MMWR Surveill Summ. 2015 Jan 16;64(Ss-01):1-8.
         
   • Genetics and Genomics
     26. Viral genetic diversity and polymorphisms in a cohort of HIV-1 infected patients eligible for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Abuja, Nigeria
         Yang C, Diallo K, Zheng DP, Rottinghaus EK, Bassey OO.
         AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2015 Jan 12.
         
     27. Draft genome sequence of Legionella pneumophila D-5864, a serogroup 6 strain
         Morrison SS, Kozak-Muiznieks NA, Sammons S, Rowe LA, Frace M, Winchell JM.
         Genome Announc. 2015 ;3(1).
         
     28. Defining the phylogenomics of Shigella species: a pathway to diagnostics
         Sahl JW, Morris CR, Emberger J, Fraser CM, Ochieng JB, Juma J, Fields B, Breiman RF, Gilmour M, Nataro JP, Rasko DA.
         J Clin Microbiol. 2015 Jan 14.
         
     29. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated from various regions of Kenya between 2007 and 2010
         Mercy N, Mohamed AA, Zipporah N, Chowdhury G, Pazhani GP, Ramamurthy T, Boga HI, Kariuki SM, Joseph O.
         Pan Afr Med J. 2014 ;19:8.
         
   • Health Disparities
     30. Incidence of notifiable diseases among American Indians/Alaska Natives - United States, 2007-2011
         Adekoya N, Truman B, Landen M.
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):16-19.
         
   • Healthcare Associated Infections
     31. National Healthcare Safety Network report, data summary for 2013, device-associated Module
         Dudeck MA, Edwards JR, Allen-Bridson K, Gross C, Malpiedi PJ, Peterson KD, Pollock DA, Weiner LM, Sievert DM.
         Am J Infect Control. 2015 Jan 6.
         
     32. The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection inside and outside health care institutions
         Gerding DN, Lessa FC.
         Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2015 Jan 9.
         
     33. Contribution of the BacT/ALERT MB mycobacteria bottle to bloodstream infection surveillance in Thailand: added yield for Burkholderia pseudomallei
         Jorakate P, Higdon M, Kaewpan A, Makprasert S, Yuenprakhon S, Tawisaid K, Dejsirilert S, Whistler T, Baggett HC.
         J Clin Microbiol. 2015 Jan 14.
         
     34. Notes from the field: occupationally acquired HIV infection among health care workers - United States, 1985-2013
         Joyce MP, Kuhar D, Brooks JT.
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 9;63(53):1245-6.
         
   • Healthcare Economics
     35. Estimates of utility weights in hemophilia: implications for cost-utility analysis of clotting factor prophylaxis
         Grosse SD, Chaugule SS, Hay JW.
         Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2015 Jan 14:1-17.
         
     36. A review of tools to calculate the cost of health conditions and common health risk factors
         Contreary K, Chen ZA, Chattopadhyay S, Chang MH.
         J Public Health Manag Pract. 2015 Jan 9.
         
   • Immunity and Immunization
     37. Rubella
         Lambert N, Strebel P, Orenstein W, Icenogle J, Poland GA.
         Lancet. 2015 Jan 7.
         
     38. Influenza-related hospitalization and ED visits in children less than 5 years: 2000-2011
         Jules A, Grijalva CG, Zhu Y, Talbot HK, Williams JV, Poehling KA, Chaves SS, Edwards KM, Schaffner W, Shay DK, Griffin MR.
         Pediatrics. 2015 Jan;135(1):e66-74.
         
     39. Variation in rotavirus vaccine coverage by provider location and subsequent disease burden
         Sahni LC, Tate JE, Payne DC, Parashar UD, Boom JA.
         Pediatrics. 2015 Jan 12.
         
     40. Monitoring the impact of human papillomavirus vaccines on high-grade pre-invasive cervical lesions: designing a framework of linked immunization information system and cancer registry data in Michigan
         Potter RC, Flagg EW, Datta SD, Saraiya M, Copeland G.
         Vaccine. 2015 Jan 5.
         
     41. Increasing uptake of live attenuated influenza vaccine among children in the United States, 2008-2014
         Rodgers L, Pabst LJ, Chaves SS.
         Vaccine. 2015 Jan 1;33(1):22-4.
         
   • Laboratory Sciences
     42. Detection of influenza virus infection using two PCR methods
         Zimmerman RK, Rinaldo CR, Nowalk MP, Balasubramani GK, Thompson MG, Bullotta A, Susick M, Wisniewski S.
         Adv Virol. 2014 ;2014:274679.
         
     43. An evaluation of welding processes to reduce hexavalent chromium exposures and reduce costs by using better welding techniques
         Keane MJ.
         Environ Health Insights. 2014 ;8(Suppl 1):47-50.
         
     44. Methane emissions and airflow patterns along longwall faces and through bleeder ventilation systems
         Krog RB, Schatzel SJ, Dougherty HN.
         Int J Min Miner Eng. 2014 ;5(4):328-349.
         
     45. Evaluation of commercially available diagnostic tests for the detection of dengue virus NS1 antigen and anti-dengue virus IgM antibody
         Hunsperger EA, Yoksan S, Buchy P, Nguyen VC, Sekaran SD, Enria DA, Vazquez S, Cartozian E, Pelegrino JL, Artsob H, Guzman MG, Olliaro P, Zwang J, Guillerm M, Kliks S, Halstead S, Peeling RW, Margolis HS.
         PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Oct;8(10):e3171.
         
     46. Back to the real world: connecting models with data
         Mitchell RM, Whitlock RH, Grohn YT, Schukken YH.
         Prev Vet Med. 2014 Dec 22.
         
     47. Potential in vitro model for testing the effect of exposure to nanoparticles on the lung alveolar epithelial barrier
         Derk R, Davidson DC, Manke A, Stueckle TA, Rojanasakul Y, Wang L.
         Sens Bio-Sens Res. 2015 ;3:38-45.
         
     48. Quantitation of 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate human serum albumin adducts
         Luna LG, Green BJ, Zhang F, Arnold SM, Siegel PD, Bartels MJ.
         Toxicol Rep. 2014 ;1:743-751.
         
     49. Quantification of ricin, RCA and comparison of enzymatic activity in 18 Ricinus communis cultivars by isotope dilution mass spectrometry
         Schieltz DM, McWilliams LG, Kuklenyik Z, Prezioso SM, Carter AJ, Williamson YM, McGrath SC, Morse SA, Barr JR.
         Toxicon. 2015 Jan 7.
         
     50. KSHV reactivation and novel implications of protein isomerization on lytic switch control
         Guito J, Lukac DM.
         Viruses. 2015 ;7(1):72-109.
         
   • Maternal and Child Health
     51. Provider communication on perinatal depression: a population-based study
         Farr SL, Ko JY, Burley K, Gupta S.
         Arch Womens Ment Health. 2015 Jan 13.
         
     52. Updated estimates of neural tube defects prevented by mandatory folic acid fortification - United States, 1995-2011
         Williams J, Mai CT, Mulinare J, Isenburg J, Flood TJ, Ethen M, Frohnert B, Kirby RS.
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):1-5.
         
   • Medicine
     53. Blood component use in a sub-Saharan African country: results of a 4-year evaluation of diagnoses associated with transfusion orders in Namibia
         Pitman JP, Wilkinson R, Liu Y, von Finckenstein B, Smit Sibinga CT, Lowrance DW, Marfin AA, Postma MJ, Mataranyika M, Basavaraju SV.
         Transfus Med Rev. 2014 Nov 27.
         
   • Occupational Safety and Health
     54. Work-related asthma in Korea - findings from the Korea Work-Related Asthma Surveillance (KOWAS) program, 2004-2009
         Kwon SC, Song J, Kim YK, Calvert GM.
         Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2015 Jan;7(1):51-9.
         
     55. Potential health effects associated with dermal exposure to occupational chemicals
         Anderson SE, Meade BJ.
         Environ Health Insights. 2014 ;8(Suppl 1):51-62.
         
     56. An examination of the vibration transmissibility of the hand-arm system in three orthogonal directions
         Welcome DE, Dong RG, Xu XS, Warren C, McDowell TG, Wu JZ.
         Int J Ind Ergon. 2015 Feb;45(1):21-34.
         
     57. Occupational exposures associated with severe exacerbation of asthma
         Henneberger PK, Liang X, Lillienberg L, Dahlman-Hoglund A, Toren K, Andersson E.
         Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Feb;19(2):244-50.
         
     58. Workplace safety and health for the veterinary health care team
         Gibbins JD, MacMahon K.
         Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2015 Jan 8.
         
   • Occupational Safety and Health - Mining
     59. Incorporating decision-making into quarterly escape training
         Brnich MJ, Hall EE.
         Coal Age. 2014 ;119(11):44-47.
         
     60. A review of underground coal mine emergency communications and tracking system installations
         Damiano N, Homce G, Jacksha R.
         Coal Age. 2014 ;119(11):34-35.
         
     61. Large-scale experiments and absolute detonability of methane/air mixtures
         Oran ES, Gamezo VN, Zipf RK.
         Combust Sci and Technol. 2015 Jan;187(1-2):324-341.
         
   • Public Health Leadership and Management
     62. Federal public health workforce development: an evidence-based approach for defining competencies
         Mumford K, Young AC, Nawaz S.
         J Public Health Manag Pract. 2015 Jan 8.
         
   • Reproductive Health
     63. Safety of assisted reproductive technology in the United States, 2000-2011
         Kawwass JF, Kissin DM, Kulkarni AD, Creanga AA, Session DR, Callaghan WM, Jamieson DJ.
         JAMA. 2015 Jan 6;313(1):88-90.
         
   • Substance Use and Abuse
     64. Influence of tobacco industry advertisements and promotions on tobacco use in India: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009-2010
         Sinha DN, Palipudi KM, Oswal K, Gupta PC, Andes LJ, Asma S.
         Indian J Cancer. 2014 Dec;51 Suppl:S13-8.
         
     65. Levels and trends of smokeless tobacco use among youth in countries of the World Health Organization South-East Asia Region
         Sinha DN, Palipudi KM, Jones CK, Khadka BB, Silva PD, Mumthaz M, Shein N, Gyeltshen T, Nahar K, Asma S, Kyaing NN.
         Indian J Cancer. 2014 Dec;51 Suppl:S50-3.
         
     66. Smokeless tobacco use: a meta-analysis of risk and attributable mortality estimates for India
         Sinha DN, Palipudi KM, Gupta PC, Singhal S, Ramasundarahettige C, Jha P, Indrayan A, Asma S, Vendhan G.
         Indian J Cancer. 2014 Dec;51 Suppl:S73-7.
         
     67. Vital signs: alcohol poisoning deaths - United States, 2010-2012
         Kanny D, Brewer RD, Mesnick JB, Paulozzi LJ, Naimi TS, Lu H.
         MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 9;63(53):1238-42.
         
     68. Comment on Farsalinos et al., "Evaluation of electronic cigarette liquids and vapour for the presence of selected inhalation toxins"
         Hubbs AF, Cummings KJ, McKernan LT, Dankovic DA, Park RM, Kreiss K.
         Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Jan 12.
         
   • Zoonoses
     69. Mixed cryoglobulinemia and secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with ehrlichiosis
         Caster DJ, Summersgill JT, Paueksakon P, Massung RF, Shieh WJ, McLeish KR.
         CEN Case Reports. 2014 ;3(2):178-182.
         
     70. Comparison of anamnestic responses to rabies vaccination in dogs and cats with current and out-of-date vaccination status
         Moore MC, Davis RD, Kang Q, Vahl CI, Wallace RM, Hanlon CA, Mosier DA.
         J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2015 Jan 15;246(2):205-11.
         
     71. Bartonella spp. in a Puerto Rican bat community
         Olival KJ, Dittmar K, Bai Y, Rostal MK, Lei BR, Daszak P, Kosoy M.
         J Wildl Dis. 2015 Jan;51(1):274-8.
         
     72. Bartonella spp. bacteremia in blood donors from Campinas, Brazil
         Pitassi LH, de Paiva Diniz PP, Scorpio DG, Drummond MR, Lania BG, Barjas-Castro ML, Gilioli R, Colombo S, Sowy S, Breitschwerdt EB, Nicholson WL, Velho PE.
         PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Jan;9(1):e0003467.
         
   
   

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CDC Science Clips Production Staff

• John Iskander, MD MPH, Editor
• Jane Gidudu, MD, MPH, Acting Editor
• Gail Bang, MLIS, Librarian
• William (Bill) Thomas, MLIS, Librarian
• Victoria Burchfield, MLIS, Librarian
• Kathleen Connick, MSLS, Librarian
• Jarvis Sims, MIT, MLIS, Librarian
• Mathieu Mazarin, BA, Web Developer/Designer

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DISCLAIMER: Articles listed in the CDC Science Clips are selected by the Stephen B. Thacker CDC Library to provide current awareness of the public health literature. An article's inclusion does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. CDC and DHHS assume no responsibility for the factual accuracy of the items presented. The selection, omission, or content of items does not imply any endorsement or other position taken by CDC or DHHS. Opinion, findings and conclusions expressed by the original authors of items included in the Clips, or persons quoted therein, are strictly their own and are in no way meant to represent the opinion or views of CDC or DHHS. References to publications, news sources, and non-CDC Websites are provided solely for informational purposes and do not imply endorsement by CDC or DHHS.