Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)
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Dibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-
RTECS #
HP3500000CAS #
1746-01-6; 56795-67-6Updated
December 2013Molecular Weight
321.96Molecular Formula
C12H4Cl4O2Synonyms
2,3,7,8-Czterochlorodwubenzo-p-dwuoksyny (Polish)2,3,7,8-TCDD
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxan
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
Dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-
Dioksyny (Polish)
Dioxin
Dioxin (herbicide contaminant)
Dioxine
NCI-C03714
TCDBD
TCDD
Tetradioxin
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 2 mg | moderate | EVHPAZ 5,87,1973 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | oral/rat | 100 µg/kg | MUREAV 47,141,1978 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | intraperitoneal/rat | 10 mg/kg | MUREAV 47,141,1978 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | oral/mouse | 100 µg/kg | TXAPA9 29,229,1974 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | intraperitoneal/mouse | 10 µg/kg | PSSID2 5,419,1982 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lung/rat | 104 µg/kg/13W- intermittent | TOVEFN (5),2,1998 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | lung/mouse | 10 µg/kg | TOVEFN (5),2,1998 |
| DNA adduct | intraperitoneal/rat | 40 µg/kg/4W- intermittent | CMSHAF 25,975,1992 |
| DNA adduct | oral/rat | 0.021 mg/kg/30W- intermittent | CRTOEC 14,849,2001 |
| DNA adduct | other cell types/human | 10 nmol/L/12H | MUREAV 750,77,2013 |
| DNA Damage | liver/rat | 5 µmol/L/48H | FCTOD7 50,2142,2012 |
| DNA Damage | lymphocyte/human | 0.5 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 743,25,2012 |
| DNA Damage | sperm/human | 0.1 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 743,25,2012 |
| DNA Damage | lymphocyte/human | 0.1 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 743,25,2012 |
| DNA Damage | sperm/human | 0.5 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 743,25,2012 |
| DNA Damage | oral/rat | 450 ng/kg/30W- intermittent | JJTHEC 65,825,2002 |
| DNA Damage | unreported route/rat | 100 µg/kg | CALEDQ 29,281,1988 |
| DNA Damage | oral/mouse | 100 µg/kg | BPBLEO 29,2284,2006 |
| DNA Damage | mammary gland/human | 1 nmol/L/5H | TOLED5 172,146,2007 |
| DNA Damage | ovary/hamster | 0.5 nmol/L | MUREAV 563,71,2004 |
| DNA Damage | other cell types/mouse | 10 nmol/L/24H | TXCYAC 255,65,2009 |
| DNA Damage | oral/rat | 100 µg/kg | CALEDQ 39,281,1988 |
| DNA inhibition | intraperitoneal/rat | 10 µg/kg | CBINA8 8,31,1974 |
| DNA inhibition | oral/rat | 200 µg/kg | CBINA8 8,31,1974 |
| DNA inhibition | intraperitoneal/mouse | 400 µg/kg | MUREAV 46,305,1977 |
| DNA inhibition | other cell types/human | 10 nmol/L | TXAPA9 77,434,1985 |
| gene conversion and mitotic recombination | ovary/hamster | 0.5 nmol/L/24H | TOXID9 72,369,2003 |
| gene conversion and mitotic recombination | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 10 mg/L | CMSHAF 12,549,1983 |
| host-mediated assay | Saccharomyes cerevisiae/mouse | 25 µg/kg | CMSHAF 12,549,1983 |
| micronucleus test | liver/rat | 5 µmol/L/48H | FCTOD7 50,2142,2012 |
| morphological transform | fibroblast/mouse | 10 nmol/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 37,231,2001 |
| morphological transform | mammary gland/human | 1 nmol/L/14D | MUREAV 579,189,2005 |
| morphological transform | fibroblast/mouse | 200 nmol/L | ENMUDM 6,461,1984 |
| mutation in mammalian somatic cells | lymphocyte/mouse | 50 mg/L | ENMUDM 4,391,1982 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) | AMBOCX 1,32,1972 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Escherichia coli | 2 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) | AMBOCX 1,1,1972 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 10 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step) | CMSHAF 12,549,1983 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 2 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step) | PSSID2 5,429,1982 |
| other mutation test systems | other cell types/mouse | 1 nmol/L | JBCHA3 259,12357,1984 |
| other mutation test systems | oral/mouse | 50 µg/kg | TXCYAC 56,239,1989 |
| other mutation test systems | liver/rat | 1 nmol/L/48H | MUREAV 615,87,2007 |
| phage inhibition capacity | /Escherichia coli | 500 µg/L | AMBOCX 1,1,1972 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | other cell types/human | 100 pmol/L | CRNGDP 11,1335,1990 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | intravenous/rat | 4 µg/kg | BCPCA6 31,2459,1982 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | oral/rat | 5 µg/kg | TXCYAC 28,133,1983 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | oral/mouse | 800 pmol/kg | CRNGDP 8,1433,1987 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| intraperitoneal/rat | 6 µg/kg (17D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | BCPCA6 26,1383,1977 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 25 µg/kg (7-11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TXCYAC 20,299,1981 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 20 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | ATSUDG 8,43,1985 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | 50 µg/kg (1D after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TXAPA9 173,38,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),231,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 10 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects | TOXID9 78,98,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 30 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus | TOSCF2 94,163,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 30 µg/kg (16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus | TOSCF2 94,163,2006 |
| oral/rat | 700 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | NRTXDN 27,1032,2006 |
| oral/rat | 100 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | NRTXDN 27,1032,2006 |
| oral/mouse | 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TXCYAC 242,52,2007 |
| oral/rat | 6678 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | TXCYAC 240,170,2007 |
| oral/rat | 6678 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TXCYAC 240,170,2007 |
| oral/rat | 352.8 ng/kg (12W pre-3W after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TXCYAC 240,170,2007 |
| oral/rat | 1.1 µg/kg (9-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TOLED5 173,41,2007 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | REPTED 22,521,2006 |
| oral/monkey | 4 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | BDERB* 71,37,2004 |
| oral/monkey | 4 µg/kg (20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | BDERB* 71,37,2004 |
| oral/mouse | 180 µg/kg (8-9D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TSPLS* -,218,2003 |
| oral/mouse | 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TERAD* -,247,2004 |
| oral/mouse | 3 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 -,140,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 3 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 -,140,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 6 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 -,140,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 10 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | REPTED 23,326,2007 |
| oral/mouse | 10 µg/kg (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | REPTED 23,326,2007 |
| oral/rat | 1.6 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) | TOXID9 -,228,2008 |
| oral/rat | 1.5 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Respiratory system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | TOXID9 -,161,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 0.1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 -,164,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 12,437,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 10 µg/kg (1D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | TOXID9 12,416,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 10 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOXID9 12,437,2008 |
| oral/rat | 6 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | TXAPA9 224,29,2007 |
| oral/rat | 1.5 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TXAPA9 224,29,2007 |
| oral/rat | 3 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | TXAPA9 224,29,2007 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOSCF2 91,568,2006 |
| oral/rat | 0.03 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOSCF2 91,568,2006 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 78,248,2004 |
| oral/mouse | 2.5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system | TXAPA9 232,51,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 14 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | REPTED 24,303,2007 |
| oral/mouse | 0.01 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOPADD 36,1006,2008 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | JPETAB 329,1091,2009 |
| oral/mouse | 10 µg/kg (0-7D pregnant) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Breast development | REPTED 28,11,2009 |
| oral/mouse | 8 mg/kg (1D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOLED5 189,40,2009 |
| oral/mouse | 3 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | NRTXDN 31,385,2010 |
| oral/rat | 3.2 µg/kg (1-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | FCTOD7 49,1276,2011 |
| oral/mouse | 7.7 µg/kg (4W male/4W prior to copulation/1-21D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects | TIHEEC 24,595,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 64 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TIHEEC 25,473,2009 |
| oral/mouse | 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 44,418,2005 |
| oral/rat | 10 gm/kg (1D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 44,439,2005 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 78,189,2004 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 78,189,2004 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 78,189,2004 |
| oral/rat | 20 ng/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | TOXID9 66,168,2002 |
| oral/rat | 180 ng/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system | TOXID9 66,168,2002 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | TOXID9 66,170,2002 |
| oral/rat | 100 ng/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TOXID9 78,381,2004 |
| oral/rat | 180 ng/kg (18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOXID9 1,114,2001 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | TOXID9 66,333,2002 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (1D after birth) | Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | TOXID9 66,333,2002 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 60,273,2001 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 60,273,2001 |
| oral/rat | 12.5 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio | TOXID9 60,274,2001 |
| oral/rat | 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TOXID9 60,274,2001 |
| oral/rat | 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 60,274,2001 |
| oral/rat | 0.7 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 60,274,2001 |
| oral/rat | 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | TOXID9 60,332,2001 |
| oral/rat | 60 ng/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOXID9 60,444,2001 |
| oral/rat | 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TXAPA9 205,98,2005 |
| oral/rat | 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TXAPA9 205,98,2005 |
| oral/mouse | 400 ng/kg (1-8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | REPTED 21,301,2006 |
| oral/mouse | 150 ng/kg (1-3D pregnant) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) | REPTED 21,301,2006 |
| oral/mouse | 250 ng/kg (4-8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | REPTED 21,301,2006 |
| oral/rat | 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 227,117,2006 |
| oral/rat | 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 227,117,2006 |
| oral/rat | 0.001 mg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 227,117,2006 |
| oral/rat | 1.6 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | TXAPA9 212,224,2006 |
| oral/rat | 0.2 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) | TXAPA9 212,224,2006 |
| oral/rat | 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TXAPA9 205,98,2005 |
| oral/rat | 200 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TXAPA9 205,98,2005 |
| oral/mouse | 0.2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOSCF2 71,84,2003 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Skin and skin appendages | TOSCF2 68,465,2002 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOSCF2 68,479,2002 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOSCF2 76,171,2003 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOSCF2 71,84,2003 |
| oral/rat | 0.7 µg/kg (10-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | NETEEC 25,459,2003 |
| oral/rat | 700 ng/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | TOXID9 72,125,2003 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | EVHPAZ 110(Suppl 3),369,2002 |
| oral/rat | 20 ng/kg (8D pregnant) | Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | EVHPAZ 110,247,2002 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | BIREBV 66,1621,2002 |
| oral/rat | 20 ng/kg (18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | EVHPAZ 109,621,2001 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirth | TXAPA9 184,57,2002 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),365,2003 |
| oral/mouse | 10 µg/kg (17D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),366,2003 |
| oral/rat | 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | NRTXDN 24,207,2003 |
| oral/mouse | 6 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),231,2003 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 44,138,2005 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TXAPA9 197,211,2004 |
| oral/rat | 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | TXCYAC 197,57,2004 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TOSCF2 52,45,1999 |
| oral/mouse | 3 µg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TOSCF2 52,45,1999 |
| oral/rat | 800 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | ETOPFR 11,1,2002 |
| oral/mouse | 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TOXID9 44,251,2005 |
| oral/mouse | 4.4 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOLED5 150,285,2004 |
| oral/rat | 0.03 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TXAPA9 174,216,2001 |
| oral/rat | 1.4 µg/kg (10-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | NETEEC 22,511,2001 |
| oral/mouse | 15 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) | CMSHAF 25,103,1992 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | BIRSB5 62,184,2000 |
| oral/mouse | 5 µg/kg (9D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | ARTODN 67,591,1993 |
| oral/rat | 0.18 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | NETEEC 24,209,2002 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | 19 µg/kg (132D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | VHTODE 43,134,2001 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | 2.4 µg/kg (132D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | VHTODE 43,134,2001 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | 699.6 ng/kg (132D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | VHTODE 43,134,2001 |
| oral/mouse | 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) | TCMUD8 20,73,2000 |
| oral/rat | 45 ng/kg (45D male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands | JJATDK 22,345,2002 |
| oral/monkey | 92 ng/kg (46W pre-17W after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | NETEEC 11,13,1989 |
| oral/monkey | 107 mg/kg (4Y male) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | CMSHAF 20,1103,1990 |
| oral/monkey | 123 ng/kg (30W pre-17W after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TOXID9 3,68,1983 |
| oral/monkey | 163 ng/kg (182W prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | NETEEC 14,433,1992 |
| oral/monkey | 2 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion | BESCE5 13,26,2000 |
| oral/rabbit | 2500 ng/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | ENVRAL 27,74,1982 |
| oral/rabbit | 10 µg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion | ENVRAL 27,74,1982 |
| oral/rabbit | 1 µg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | ENVRAL 27,74,1982 |
| oral/hamster | 18 µg/kg (9D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | CMSHAF 20,1117,1990 |
| oral/hamster | 2 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOSCF2 51,259,1999 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | TXAPA9 134,241,1995 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TXAPA9 134,241,1995 |
| oral/rat | 0.35 µg/kg (16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | CMSHAF 18,955,1989 |
| oral/rat | 0.125 µg/kg (16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system | CMSHAF 18,955,1989 |
| oral/rat | 13 µg/kg (7-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal system Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | BCPCA6 32,991,1983 |
| oral/rat | 12 µg/kg (4-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Gastrointestinal system | BCPCA6 32,991,1983 |
| oral/monkey | 0.535 µg/kg (30W prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion | ANYAA9 -,419,1979 |
| oral/mouse | 50 µg/kg (105D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes Reproductive: Other reproductive system tumors | EVHPAZ 105,750,1997 |
| oral/mouse | 1 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | EVHPAZ 5,81,1973 |
| oral/mouse | 9 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TXAPA9 98,487,1989 |
| oral/mouse | 13500 mg/kg (6-14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | TJADAB 44,385,1991 |
| oral/mouse | 235 µg/kg (28D pre-21D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system | DCTODJ 2,77,1979 |
| oral/mouse | 20 µg/kg (14D preg/3D after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | IJIMDS 2,301,1980 |
| oral/mouse | 12 µg/kg (10-13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | TJADAB 33,29,1986 |
| oral/rat | 12 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TJADAB 55,326,1997 |
| oral/rat | 1500 ng/kg (1-3D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TJADAB 25(1),21A,1982 |
| oral/rat | 1250 ng/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | FCTXAV 9,405,1971 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects | TXAPA9 150,254,1998 |
| oral/rat | 1270 ng/kg (multigenerations) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | TXAPA9 50,241,1979 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TXAPA9 140,146,1996 |
| oral/rat | 20 µg/kg (1D prior to copulation) | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina | TXCYAC 21,77,1981 |
| oral/hamster | 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TXAPA9 131,108,1995 |
| oral/hamster | 2 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TOSCF2 51,259,1999 |
| oral/mouse | 10 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system | MOPMA3 35,18,1989 |
| oral/mouse | 12 µg/kg (10-13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TOXID9 13,103,1993 |
| oral/mouse | 240 µg/kg (1D after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) | ARTODN 69,87,1994 |
| oral/mouse | 320 µg/kg (1D after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | ARTODN 69,87,1994 |
| oral/mouse | 480 µg/kg (1D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | ARTODN 69,87,1994 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Other measures of fertility Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TXAPA9 133,285,1995 |
| oral/rat | 0.05 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TXAPA9 146,11,1997 |
| oral/rat | 56 mg/kg (10-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system | TOLED5 78,253,1995 |
| oral/rat | 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TOXID9 14,197,1994 |
| oral/rat | 0.064 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 10,313,1990 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | TXAPA9 127,241,1994 |
| oral/rat | 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TXAPA9 127,250,1994 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | BIREBV 55,62,1996 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TXAPA9 140,146,1996 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 15,292,1995 |
| oral/rat | 1 µg/kg (18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 15,292,1995 |
| parenteral/rat | 1 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 14,197,1994 |
| subcutaneous/rat | 185 ng/kg (2W pre-3W after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Germ cell effects (in offspring) | TXAPA9 150,383,1998 |
| subcutaneous/rat | 2700 ng/kg (2W pre-3W after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | TXAPA9 150,383,1998 |
| subcutaneous/rat | 3 µg/kg (19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TJADAB 40,292,1989 |
| subcutaneous/rat | 5 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TXAPA9 20,396,1971 |
| subcutaneous/rat | 2200 ng/kg (19D preg/21D after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | CMSHAF 25,1227,1992 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 250 µg/kg (7-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | BECTA6 16,674,1976 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 250 µg/kg (7-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | BECTA6 16,674,1976 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 100 µg/kg (2D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | TCMUD8 4,427,1984 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 30 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | MOPMA3 17,86,1980 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 100 µg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TCMUD8 4,427,1984 |
| subcutaneous/rat | 0.5 µg/kg (7-20D preg/9-16D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Respiratory system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | BCPCA6 62,617,2001 |
| subcutaneous/rat | 0.5 µg/kg (7-20D preg/2D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system | BCPCA6 59,1147,2000 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 90 µg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TJADAB 21,62A,1980 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 90 µg/kg (9D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TJADAB 21,62A,1980 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | 90 µg/kg (11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TJADAB 21,62A,1980 |
| subcutaneous/monkey | 405 ng/kg (20-165D preg/90D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | REPTED 20,21,2005 |
| subcutaneous/monkey | 34.5 ng/kg (20D preg-90D after birth) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | TOLED5 160,233,2006 |
| subcutaneous/monkey | 42 ng/kg (20-173D preg/1-90D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | REPTED 29,317,2010 |
| subcutaneous/monkey | 40.5 ng/kg (20-165D preg/90D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TXCYAC 251,147,2008 |
| unreported route/mouse | 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TERST* -,290,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | 5 ng/kg (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | REPTED 28,32,2009 |
| unreported route/rat | 0.14 ng/kg (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | REPTED 28,32,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | 1 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis | TOXID9 -,349,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | 40 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 -,350,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 -,385,2009 |
| unreported route/rat | 2 µg/kg (16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 -,117,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 -,131,2009 |
| unreported route/rat | 3 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 60,24,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Skin and skin appendages Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 66,300,2002 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 60,333,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | 135 µg/kg (16D preg-21D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 60,333,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | 150 µg/kg (13D preg-21D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 60,333,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | 200 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | TOXID9 60,440,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 60,181,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | 15 µg/kg (1D prior to copulation/7-14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy) Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | TOXID9 78,218,2004 |
| unreported route/mouse | 30 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | TOXID9 66,169,2002 |
| unreported route/mouse | 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 66,168,2002 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities | TOXID9 66,132,2002 |
| unreported route/rat | 4 µg/kg (15D preg/3D after birth) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system | TOXID9 66,132,2002 |
| unreported route/mouse | 3 µg/kg (17D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system | TOXID9 44,172,2005 |
| unreported route/mouse | 10 µg/kg (14-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 44,181,2005 |
| unreported route/mouse | 24 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus | TOXID9 44,138,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | 1000 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Live birth index (Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured after birth) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | TOXID9 44,139,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | 1000 ng/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOXID9 44,139,2005 |
| unreported route/mouse | 1 µg/kg (12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | TOXID9 44,145,2005 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 44,112,2005 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 44,112,2005 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 44,112,2005 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (17D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 44,113,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | 0.8 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | HBPTO* 1,741,2001 |
| unreported route/rat | 0.2 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | HBPTO* 1,741,2001 |
| unreported route/rat | 0.05 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | HBPTO* 1,741,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5 µg/kg (13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 72,113,2003 |
| unreported route/mouse | 1.5 µg/kg (0-14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system | TOXID9 72,121,2003 |
| unreported route/mouse | 5.5 µg/kg (0-14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) | TOXID9 72,121,2003 |
| unreported route/mouse | 12 µg/kg (6-14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Immune and reticuloendothelial system | CMSHAF 25,115,1992 |
| unreported route/rat | 1500 mg/kg (1D male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands | ATSUDG 11,344,1987 |
| unreported route/rat | 0.7 µg/kg (15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | TOXID9 14,382,1994 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1.61 µg/kg | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | TXAPA9 179,21,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | NTIS** PB82-163445 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.208 mg/kg/104W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Endocrine: Thyroid tumors | NTIS** PB82-163445 |
| oral/mouse | toxic dose: 1 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Endocrine: Thyroid tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982 |
| oral/mouse | toxic dose: 36 µg/kg/52W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Liver: Tumors | NATUAS 278,548,1979 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Endocrine: Thyroid tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Endocrine: Thyroid tumors | NTIS** PB82-163445 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.052 mg/kg/104W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | NTIS** PB82-163445 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 164 µg/kg/78W- continuous | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Liver: Tumors | CMSHAF 6,625,1977 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 190 µg/kg/95W- continuous | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Liver: Tumors | CMSHAF 6,537,1977 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 27 µg/kg/65W- continuous | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors | FEPRA7 36,396,1977 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 328 µg/kg/78W- continuous | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors | PESTC* 5,12,1977 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 137 µg/kg/65W- continuous | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors | FEPRA7 36,396,1977 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 73 µg/kg/2Y- continuous | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | ANYAA9 320,397,1979 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 1 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Endocrine: Thyroid tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Endocrine: Thyroid tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 73000 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Angiosarcoma | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 73000 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 33580 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Liver: Angiosarcoma | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 62 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982 |
| skin/mouse | toxic dose: 80 µg/kg | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application | BECTA6 18,552,1977 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.0594 mg/kg/99W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTIS** PB82-163684 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.01188 mg/kg/99W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTIS** PB82-163684 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/20W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | FCTOD7 46,2629,2008 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/bla | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.00478 nmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXAPA9 248,185,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, bone marrow | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 20 nmol/L/12H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXCYAC 283,18,2011 |
| In Vitro/Human, bone marrow | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/12H | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Ca | TXCYAC 283,18,2011 |
| In Vitro/Human, bone marrow | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 20 nmol/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Apoptosis in vitro | TXCYAC 275,72,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, bone marrow | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 20 nmol/L/20M | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXCYAC 275,72,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, endothelium | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 nmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXAPA9 245,91,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, endothelium | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.01 nmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXAPA9 245,91,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXAPA9 249,55,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, melanoma | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 50,1933,2012 |
| In Vitro/Human, melanoma | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 µmol/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | FCTOD7 50,2142,2012 |
| In Vitro/jrd | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 50,3320,2012 |
| In Vitro/mlb | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 nmol/L/6H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXAPA9 247,60,2010 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, bone marrow | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.001 nmol/L/7D | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell differentiation | TXAPA9 246,18,2010 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/6H | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXCYAC 279,146,2011 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 pmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXCYAC 279,146,2011 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 nmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc. | TXCYAC 279,146,2011 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 nmol/L/6H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXAPA9 249,55,2010 |
| intracerebral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | JPETAB 329,1091,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/chicken | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | TOXID9 60,441,2001 | |
| intraperitoneal/chicken | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Behavioral: Coma Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Metabolic acidosis | TOXID9 60,441,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/chicken | lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes | JTEHD6 35,187,1992 |
| intraperitoneal/guinea pig | lowest published toxic dose: 29.9 ng/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | BCPCA6 36,1535,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/guinea pig | lowest published toxic dose: 1.8 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | BCPCA6 36,1535,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | BCPCA6 35,2737,1986 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | BCPCA6 35,2737,1986 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | BCPCA6 35,2737,1986 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes | BCPCA6 35,2737,1986 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >3 mg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 55,67,1980 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.6 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TXCYAC 92,155,1994 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Blood: Luekopenia Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above | CMSHAF 43,819,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 120 µg/kg | SCAMAC 254,29,1986 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 9.66 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | MOPMA3 13,924,1977 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1.5 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in spleen Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | TXCYAC 80,217,1993 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.29 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | TXCYAC 80,217,1993 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotides | AECTCV 41,232,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct | TOXID9 72,66,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | TOXID9 72,66,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | CMSHAF 25,103,1992 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 11.19 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TXCYAC 63,97,1990 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above | TOSCF2 69,117,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg | Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia | TXAPA9 181,32,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 782 ng/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | TXAPA9 94,141,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 115 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 172,125,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotides Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOSCF2 66,62,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TOSCF2 69,109,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOSCF2 69,109,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOSCF2 69,109,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | TOLED5 129,1,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in spleen Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TXCYAC 178,241,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),336,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | TXAPA9 197,185,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 100 ng/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 78,18,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 200 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TOXID9 66,21,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in spleen Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | ARTODN 78,290,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | ARTODN 76,570,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TOXID9 1,68,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TOXID9 66,334,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | TOXID9 60,249,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina | TOXID9 60,249,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOLED5 157,89,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | TOVEFN (2),20,1998 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 150 µg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Other changes | JTPAE7 18,41,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Uncharacterized (multiple organ involvement) | TOLED5 180,189,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistance | TOXID9 -,195,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above | CRNGDP 30,11,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases | TXCYAC 266,30,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes | TOXID9 -,29,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg | Cardiac: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | FCTOD7 50,2325,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/non-mammalian species | lowest published toxic dose: 70 µg/kg | Cardiac: Pericarditis Cardiac: Other changes | TOXID9 -,437,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 252 µg/kg | SCAMAC 254,29,1986 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 24600 ng/kg | TXAPA9 45,513,1978 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | TXAPA9 150,427,1998 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TXAPA9 150,427,1998 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 89,49,1994 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | ARTODN 53,177,1983 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | BBRCA9 125,996,1984 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | BBRCA9 160,1003,1989 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | BBRCA9 160,1003,1989 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10.3 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Estrogenic | TXAPA9 95,435,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | ARTODN 53,177,1983 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | ARTODN 53,177,1983 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 125 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | ARTODN 62,146,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | LPDSAP 23,904,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | LPDSAP 23,904,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | JPETAB 248,62,1989 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9.66 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | MOPMA3 13,924,1977 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 44,297,1987 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes | TXCYAC 44,297,1987 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 125 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Endocrine: Hypoglycemia | TXCYAC 44,297,1987 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 82.4 µg/kg | Endocrine: Estrogenic Endocrine: Other changes | CMSHAF 19,785,1989 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 100 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JTEHD6 16,481,1985 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Endocrine: Estrogenic | TXAPA9 92,368,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TXCYAC 29,61,1983 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | ATXKA8 53,177,1983 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TXCYAC 37,51,1985 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TXCYAC 53,19,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 125 µg/kg | TXCYAC 53,19,1988 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sites | TXAPA9 94,496,1988 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct | TXCYAC 76,103,1992 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Endocrine: Androgenic Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 76,103,1992 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight | TXCYAC 76,103,1992 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 19.31 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | CJPPA3 63,1537,1985 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | BCPCA6 39,485,1990 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg | Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | BCPCA6 39,485,1990 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (25 percent kill): 1000 µg/kg | TOXID9 66,334,2002 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 246,100,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/wild bird | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | ETOCDK 16,985,1997 |
| oral/cattle | lowest published lethal dose: 5 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/chicken | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.06 mg/kg | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 | |
| oral/chicken | lowest published lethal dose: 0.02 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Fluid intake Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/chicken | lowest published lethal dose: 0.1 mg/kg | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 | |
| oral/chicken | lowest published lethal dose: 25 µg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | FCTXAV 11,585,1973 |
| oral/Dog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 µg/kg | ENTOX* -,70,2005 | |
| oral/domestic animal | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.22 mg/kg | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 | |
| oral/domestic animal | lowest published lethal dose: 0.13 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Fluid intake Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/domestic animal | lowest published lethal dose: 0.41 mg/kg | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 | |
| oral/frog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1 mg/kg | SCAMAC 254,29,1986 | |
| oral/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 ng/kg | EVSRBT 2,708,1973 | |
| oral/hamster | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1157 µg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 55,67,1980 |
| oral/hamster | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1157 µg/kg | ENTOX* -,70,2005 | |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4200 ng/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen | AECTCV 17,33,1988 |
| oral/monkey | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 µg/kg | EXPEAM 38,879,1982 | |
| oral/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 0.004 mg/kg | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders | REPTED 15,377,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | TOSCF2 56,114,2000 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 114 µg/kg | Eye: Mydriasis (pupilliary dilation) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Cardiac: Other changes | TXAPA9 29,229,1974 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | NRTXDN 23,783,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),403,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),403,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXCYAC 172,49,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXCYAC 172,49,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 156 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),363,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),364,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Other changes | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),364,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXCYAC 175,73,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,222,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,279,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXCYAC 188,15,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TXCYAC 197,15,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TXCYAC 197,15,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TXCYAC 197,15,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TXCYAC 197,15,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXAPA9 190,120,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 4000 µg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXAPA9 190,120,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXAPA9 192,262,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TXAPA9 192,275,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in spleen Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TOXID9 66,178,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,389,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments | TOXID9 44,389,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in spleen Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TOXID9 60,25,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 100 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | BPBLEO 29,2284,2006 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 114 µg/kg | ENTOX* -,70,2005 | |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TXCYAC 256,25,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | BPBLEO 27,1397,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli | TXCYAC 224,191,2006 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Other changes Endocrine: Hyperglycemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 205,89,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Other changes Endocrine: Hyperglycemia Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXAPA9 205,89,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes | EMMUEG 48,589,2007 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXCYAC 280,10,2011 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Liver: Multiple effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXAPA9 243,359,2010 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOXID9 -,416,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.4 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | JAPTO* 28,724,2008 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Other changes Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | JTSCDR 34,SP349,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | CRTOEC 20,1573,2007 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 64 µg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | CRTOEC 20,1573,2007 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | BPBLEO 32,876,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOXID9 -,19,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | REPTED 23,326,2007 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.001 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function | TXAPA9 246,58,2010 |
| oral/pig | lowest published toxic dose: 6 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 115 µg/kg | TXAPA9 35,553,1976 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hypoplasia Endocrine: Other changes | NETEEC 15,365,1993 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 90 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight | TXCYAC 106,221,1996 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 106,221,1996 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 106,221,1996 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease | TXCYAC 145,227,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | LIFSAK 69,1291,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe | LIFSAK 69,1291,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Other metals | LIFSAK 69,1291,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TXAPA9 128,97,1994 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.03 µg/kg | Endocrine: Change in LH Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins | TXAPA9 142,264,1997 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands | TXAPA9 106,112,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes | BCPCA6 33,2531,1984 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | JPETAB 215,601,1980 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Endocrine: Change in LH Endocrine: Androgenic Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct | BIREBV 45,143,1991 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 100 µg/kg | Endocrine: Androgenic | TXAPA9 105,78,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6.25 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression Endocrine: Other changes | TXAPA9 84,45,1986 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 84,45,1986 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg | Skin and Appendages: Other: Breast Skin and Appendages: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | EVHPAZ 109,739,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.077 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction | TXAPA9 181,38,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.3 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TXAPA9 181,38,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6.3 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 181,38,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.14 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 187,128,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.83 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TXAPA9 187,128,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5.5 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 187,128,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesis Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOLED5 78,219,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | CRTOEC 13,1051,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 mg/kg | Endocrine: Androgenic Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | BCPCA6 36,727,1987 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | BCPCA6 31,3663,1982 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | BCPCA6 35,4359,1986 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.01 mg/kg | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesis Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weight | TXAPA9 133,321,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),361,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Other changes | TOSCF2 71,112,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TOLED5 147,133,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TOLED5 147,133,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 60 µg/kg | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TOLED5 147,133,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | TXAPA9 197,354,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) | TXAPA9 197,214,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TXCYAC 171,73,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | CBINA8 145,1,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | CBINA8 145,1,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | CBINA8 145,1,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg | Endocrine: Change in LH Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | TOXID9 66,376,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7.5 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 60,252,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 60,236,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 60,138,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 78,19,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,418,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 ng/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 66,169,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Endocrine: Androgenic Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 66,170,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight | TOXID9 66,170,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct | TOXID9 66,170,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | TOVEFN (6),14,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TOVEFN (6),14,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TXCYAC 283,140,2011 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOXID9 -,18,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOXID9 -,416,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | JTSCDR 34,209,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight | JTSCDR 34,209,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.001 mg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOXID9 227,117,2006 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | TOXID9 60,444,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 207,1,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.4 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXAPA9 207,1,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.8 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Reproductive: Maternal effects: Uterus, cervix, vagina Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TXAPA9 212,224,2006 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 20 µg/kg | ENTOX* -,70,2005 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXCYAC 250,132,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 300 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXCYAC 250,132,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXAPA9 233,314,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXAPA9 233,314,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXAPA9 207,1,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2000 µg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes | TXCYAC 235,39,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 10000 µg/kg | TXCYAC 235,39,2007 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | ARTODN 81,261,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | ARTODN 81,261,2007 |
| parenteral/chicken | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOXID9 60,440,2001 |
| parenteral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen | TOXID9 66,334,2002 |
| parenteral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 60,201,2001 |
| parenteral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 60,269,2001 |
| skin/human | lowest published toxic dose: 107 µg/kg | Skin: After topical application: Dermatitis, allergic | SCAMAC 254,29,1986 |
| skin/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 10 ng/kg | Blood: Other changes Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | TAEHC* VI:205,1,1998 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 80 µg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Other changes | RCOCB8 20,101,1978 |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 275 µg/kg | EVHPAZ 5,87,1973 | |
| subcutaneous/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 1 ng/kg | Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | ARTODN 76,360,2002 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 27.5 µg/kg | Endocrine: Change in LH Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 194,239,2004 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Cardiac: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | NSAPCC 369(Suppl 1),R118,2004 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2500 ng/kg | Endocrine: Other changes | JDPHDH 15,337,1991 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2500 ng/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | JDPHDH 15,337,1991 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight | TXAPA9 133,313,1995 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 133,313,1995 |
| Tank with water/Crayfish | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 30 µg/kg | TIVIEQ 35,157,1996 | |
| Tank with water/Crayfish | lowest published toxic concentration: 3 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TIVIEQ 35,157,1996 |
| Tank with water/Trout | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.171 µg/kg | Cardiac: Pericarditis Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TIVIEQ 31,315,1995 |
| unreported route/human | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Blood: Normocytic anemia Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other | EVHPAZ 109,865,2001 |
| unreported route/human | lowest published toxic dose: 6 µg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | EVHPAZ 109,865,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | TOXID9 78,19,2004 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 200 µg/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | ANYAA9 320,204,1979 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.32 µg/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 72,109,2003 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 8 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes | TOXID9 72,109,2003 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 78,247,2004 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 24 µg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight | TOXID9 60,181,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg | Cardiac: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOXID9 -,436,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Blood: Other changes | TOXID9 -,385,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 -,208,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 -,16,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg | Blood: Changes in spleen | TOXID9 -,132,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg | Behavioral: Anticonvulsant | TOXID9 60,442,2001 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | TOXID9 60,444,2001 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 90 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | TOXID9 60,444,2001 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 -,206,2009 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 30 ng/kg | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TOLED5 180S,S36,2008 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg | Endocrine: Change in LH Endocrine: Change in gonadotropins Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes | TOXID9 60,273,2001 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders | TOXID9 60,273,2001 |
| unreported route/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 µg/kg | TOXID9 60,331,2001 | |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,418,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 50 µg/kg | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,418,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 19 µg/kg | TXAPA9 187,128,2003 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 9260 ng/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count | TOLED5 60,247,1992 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 180 µg/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | CMSHAF 14,949,1985 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 120 µg/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) | CMSHAF 19,927,1989 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | ARTODN 78,309,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | ARTODN 78,309,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 32 µg/kg/7D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | ARTODN 78,309,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 400 µg/kg/8W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | TXAPA9 226,107,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TXAPA9 226,107,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/8W- intermittent | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TXAPA9 226,107,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg/16W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | TXAPA9 226,107,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 66,334,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 300 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | JCINAO 113,137,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/4W- intermittent | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight | FCTOD7 45,2237,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 240 ng/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXCYAC 171,117,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 246,100,2010 |
| oral/cattle | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mg/kg/10D- intermittent | Cardiac: Other changes Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/chicken | lowest published toxic dose: 0.22 mg/kg/10D- intermittent | Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in spleen | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/domestic animal | lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kg/10D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in spleen Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/guinea pig | lowest published toxic dose: 441 ng/kg/90D- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | FAATDF 6,454,1986 |
| oral/guinea pig | lowest published toxic dose: 1600 ng/kg/8W- intermittent | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | EVHPAZ 5,101,1973 |
| oral/guinea pig | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µg/kg/5W- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | EVHPAZ 5,125,1973 |
| oral/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 600 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | BECTA6 31,649,1983 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic dose: 1.68 µg/kg/14D- continuous | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | VHTODE 43,22,2001 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic dose: 3.36 µg/kg/28D- continuous | Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | VHTODE 43,22,2001 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic dose: 3.92 µg/kg/4W- continuous | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | VHTODE 43,134,2001 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic dose: 4.76 µg/kg/34D- continuous | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | VHTODE 43,134,2001 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic dose: 18.48 µg/kg/132D- continuous | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | VHTODE 43,134,2001 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published toxic dose: 211.2 ng/kg/132D- continuous | Blood: Other changes Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Mating performance (e.g., # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe | VHTODE 43,134,2001 |
| oral/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 5.35 µg/kg/30W- continuous | Endocrine: Estrogenic Endocrine: Other changes | ANYAA9 -,419,1979 |
| oral/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 0.535 µg/kg/30W- continuous | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Parturition | ANYAA9 -,419,1979 |
| oral/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg/12D- continuous | Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | BECTA6 18,108,1977 |
| oral/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 2.143 µg/kg/120D- intermittent | Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | TOSCF2 56,374,2000 |
| oral/monkey | lowest published toxic dose: 170.4 µg/kg/240D- intermittent | Reproductive: Other effects on female | TOSCF2 56,374,2000 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 97.5 ng/kg/13W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Plasma proteins not involving coagulation | TXAPA9 124,82,1994 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 12 µg/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight | TJADAB 33,29,1986 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 588 µg/kg/14D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TXAPA9 112,128,1992 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/4W- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | EVHPAZ 5,149,1973 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 520 µg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-209,1982 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 336 µg/kg/8W- continuous | Blood: Other changes Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | JEPTDQ 4(2-3),401,1980 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µg/kg/15W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | EVHPAZ 105,750,1997 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 4050 ng/kg/9W- intermittent | Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section | TOXID9 44,173,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg/18D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 229,10,2008 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 µg/kg/5D- intermittent | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TXCYAC 282,82,2011 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µg/kg/5D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | TXCYAC 282,82,2011 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1350 ng/kg/60D- intermittent | Cardiac: Other changes Vascular: BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | TOXID9 12,454,2008 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 4 µg/kg/4D- intermittent | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TOLED5 178,202,2008 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 14 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen | ETPAEK 61,406,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µg/kg/2D- intermittent | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | REPTED 23,326,2007 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 81900 mg/kg/26W- continuous | Skin and Appendages: Tumors Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains | TOXID9 78,367,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | TIHEEC 17,192,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 475 µg/kg/178D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TOXID9 66,168,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 150 µg/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | TXAPA9 29,229,1974 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 6 ng/kg/3D- intermittent | Endocrine: Estrogenic | REPTED 21,301,2006 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 500 ng/kg/5D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | REPTED 21,301,2006 |
| oral/non-mammalian species | lowest published toxic dose: 600 ng/kg/15D- continuous | Endocrine: Estrogenic Reproductive: Maternal effects: Oogenesis | REPTED 25,47,2008 |
| oral/pig | lowest published toxic dose: 0.35 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in spleen Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TOVEFN (1),30,2004 |
| oral/rabbit | lowest published toxic dose: 80 µg/kg/8W- intermittent | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTIS** OTS0544117 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg/80D- continuous | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | EJPHAZ 293,429,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.9 µg/kg/30D- continuous | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in humoral immune response | EJPHAZ 293,429,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µg/kg/30D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Blood: Changes in platelet count Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | EVHPAZ 5,111,1973 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6500 ng/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells | TXAPA9 35,553,1976 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7300 mg/kg/2Y- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TXAPA9 46(2),279,1978 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16 µg/kg/16W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments | BCPCA6 31,1607,1982 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 120 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Fe Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | BECTA6 45,436,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg/45W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TXAPA9 57,156,1981 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 140 µg/kg/14D- intermittent | Blood: Change in clotting factors Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood: Changes in platelet count | EVHPAZ 5,119,1973 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7000 ng/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | CMSHAF 43,807,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 28000 ng/kg/28D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Microcytosis with or without anemia | CMSHAF 43,807,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 70 µg/kg/13W- intermittent | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | CMSHAF 29,2381,1994 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 41.9 µg/kg/13W- intermittent | Blood: Changes in platelet count Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TXAPA9 146,217,1997 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 13 µg/kg/13D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | BCPCA6 32,991,1983 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7 µg/kg/4W- continuous | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction | CMSHAF 25,1239,1992 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.7 µg/kg/4W- continuous | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | CMSHAF 25,1239,1992 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.275 µg/kg/13W- continuous | Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Conditioned vitamin deficiency | CMSHAF 25,1239,1992 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 22.75 µg/kg/91D- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | CMSHAF 25,2023,1992 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.275 µg/kg/91D- continuous | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | CMSHAF 25,2023,1992 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µg/kg/7D- intermittent | Skin and Appendages: Other: Breast Related to Chronic Data: Changes in ovarian weight Related to Chronic Data: Changes in uterine weight | EVHPAZ 103,708,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.9 µg/kg/30D- continuous | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | EPEPEG 293,429,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3 µg/kg/180D- continuous | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | EPEPEG 293,429,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 15.5 µg/kg/31W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Multiple effects Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOXID9 78,19,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Liver: Tumors Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOXID9 78,19,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3.5 µg/kg/5W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | TOXID9 66,9,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9800 ng/kg/14W- continuous | Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,372,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1980 ng/kg/90D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sites | TOXID9 44,416,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight | TXCYAC 171,127,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3000 ng/kg/60D- intermittent | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight | TOXID9 72,362,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.07 µg/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXCYAC 178,45,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 275 ng/kg/64D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 72,361,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 900 ng/kg/90D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | TOXID9 72,77,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight | JAPTO* 22,345,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight | JAPTO* 22,345,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 450 ng/kg/30W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | JJTHEC 65,825,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3300 ng/kg/30W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | JJTHEC 65,825,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3500 ng/kg/5W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TXAPA9 191,12,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 105 µg/kg/5W- continuous | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | VHTODE 43,22,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Related to Chronic Data: Changes in prostate weight Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight | JJATDK 22,345,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 72.8 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction Vascular: Structural changes in vessels Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 72,30,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 110 ng/kg/22W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 60,331,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction | FCTOD7 49,1276,2011 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2190 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOPADD 35,880,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1113 ng/kg/53W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOPADD 35,880,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 52 µg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes | TOPADD 32,41,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 651 ng/kg/31W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2156 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2190 ng/kg/2Y- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 37100 ng/kg/53W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Change in gall bladder structure or function Liver: Other changes | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 21700 ng/kg/31W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes | TOPADD 33,165,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1000 ng/kg/12D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TOXID9 78,245,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Differential effect of sex or castration on observed toxicity Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 78,246,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4140 ng/kg/90D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOXID9 78,247,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.9 mg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 -,167,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 273 ng/kg/13W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 60,235,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4140 ng/kg/90D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | JTEHF8 69,381,2006 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 µg/kg/14D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOVEFN (6),34,2003 |
| oral/rat | : 23920 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 23920 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 1100 ng/kg/10W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 6500 ng/kg/13W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 1540 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 3220 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction Endocrine: Changes in thyroid weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 2650 ng/kg/53W- intermittent | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 1550 ng/kg/31W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 700 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Multiple effects Liver: Changes in liver weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 700 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 11440 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Change in gall bladder structure or function Liver: Angiosarcoma | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 11440 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Reproductive: Other effects on female | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Liver: Angiosarcoma | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent | Gastrointestinal: Tumors Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hypoplasia Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 15000 ng/kg/30W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Interstitial nephritis | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 5200 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Multiple effects Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 5200 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction Blood: Eosinophilia | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 465 ng/kg/31W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 52000 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Gastrointestinal: Tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 52000 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Vascular: Other changes Gastrointestinal: Other changes | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 1560 ng/kg/104W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | : 15500 ng/kg/31W- intermittent | Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas | NTPTR* NTP-TR-521 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 45 ng/kg/45D- intermittent | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | ARTODN 76,113,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2156 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes | TOXID9 44,416,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4900 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 44,416,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 98 ng/kg/14W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOXID9 44,416,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 40 µg/kg/4D- intermittent | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | ARTODN 77,280,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3000 ng/kg/30D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 66,168,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 37.5 ng/kg/8D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 66,169,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 273 ng/kg/13W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | TOXID9 66,170,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10.5 µg/kg/15W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 66,157,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 60 µg/kg/6D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 248,178,2010 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 910 mg/kg/26W- continuous | Skin and Appendages: Tumors Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains | TOXID9 78,367,2004 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg/20W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | TXAPA9 102,362,1990 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 200 µg/kg/20W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Liver: Changes in liver weight Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | FCTOD7 42,1217,2004 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 200 ng/kg/1W- intermittent | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | FCTOD7 42,1217,2004 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 300 ng/kg/3D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | FCTOD7 42,1217,2004 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 42,1217,2004 |
| skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 97 µg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Blood: Changes in spleen Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NCITR* NCI-TR-201-82 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3500 ng/kg/5W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Tumorigenic: Cells (cultured) transformed | CRNGDP 15,1143,1994 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6300 ng/kg/9W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases | CRNGDP 15,1143,1994 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 140 ng/kg/20W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 197,212,2004 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.7 µg/kg/20W- intermittent | Musculoskeletal: Other changes | TXCYAC 273,1,2010 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 17 µg/kg/19W- intermittent | Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures | TOSCF2 69,482,2002 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 170 µg/kg/19W- intermittent | Vascular: Structural changes in vessels Musculoskeletal: Changes in teeth and supporting structures | TOSCF2 69,482,2002 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 500 µg/kg/4D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 -,16,2009 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 45 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 60,269,2001 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 15 µg/kg/14D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy) | TOXID9 72,230,2003 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5.5 µg/kg/14D- intermittent | Reproductive: Maternal effects: Breasts, lactation (prior to or during pregnancy) | TOXID9 72,121,2003 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9100 ng/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 72,264,2003 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 102.4 µg/kg/32D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 44,416,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes | TOXID9 44,416,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 51.2 µg/kg/16D- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,416,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9.8 µg/kg/14W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 78,19,2004 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.0075 µg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Other changes | TOXID9 66,62,2002 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 69,33,1997 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 15,41,1977 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence | IMSUDL 7,350,1987 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence | IMEMDT 69,33,1997 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 1 | IMEMDT 69,33,1997 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RREVAH 59,1,1975 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ARPAAQ 94,125,1972 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CHRYAQ 47(2),15,1974 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 3,187,1975 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RPZHAW 26,623,1975 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | BIOGAL 40(2),44,1974 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | STEVA8 2,305,1974 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EVHPAZ 15,121,1976 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTXAV 17,95,1979 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | PHTHDT 7,513,1979 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 47,141,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ARTODN 40,161,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EVSRBT 2,708,1973 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTIS** PB82-922905 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MEPAAX 29,59,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | VHTODE 22,31,1980 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MGLFDB -,123,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 25,257,1987 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ARPTDI 22,517,1982 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ARPTDI 43,309,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 134,3,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 138,9,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 20,441,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 140-141,3,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 561,147,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 15,431,2000 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 197,49,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 198,111,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TPHSDY 24,508,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CRTXB2 32,311,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ARTODN 44,211,1980 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EJIME* 12,406,2001 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 22,164,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | DMTRAR 13,387,1982 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 613,17,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NETOX* 26,531,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 44,1699,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,70,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,334,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,136,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TIHEEC 16,305,2000 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | BCLPT* 96,131,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HETOEA 25,413,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 658,124,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTEHD6 6,115,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTEHD6 7,1,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTEHD6 9,1,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 23,337,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 654,114,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 659,248,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 659,202,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTPAE7 17,69,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTPAE7 17,137,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTPAE7 19,111,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 23,133,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ITODC* -,327,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,551,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HTOPA* 1,501,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 46,813,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 674,3,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 674,137,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 636,36,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 681,80,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 590,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 682,94,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FESTAS 89(Suppl 3),1287,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FESTAS 90,911,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NEUCL* 23,377,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 705,165,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 705,172,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 705,184,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 31,319,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 31,327,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 727,16,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 31,363,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 48,1439,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 728,47,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NRTXDN 31,589,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 714,105,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 717,46,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 717,46,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 38,1,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 34,298,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 34,298,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 54,480,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 54,455,2013 |
Standards and Regulations
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TCDD-air | Carcinogen lowest feasible concentration | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code X7301; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 3; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 14; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 5 |
Status in Federal Agencies
| Organization | Reference |
|---|---|
| ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/89/214522/AS) | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Rodent dominant lethal | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies | |
| EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
| NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (dermal);clear evidence:mouse | NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982 |
| NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:mouse,rat | |
| NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 40, 1984 | |
| NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Known to be human carcinogen | |
| NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 2000 | |
| NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (two year studies), October 2000 | |
| NTP Carcinogenesis studies; test completed (peer review), October 2000 |
- Page last reviewed:March 7, 2014
- Page last updated:February 6, 2017
- Content source:
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Education and Information Division