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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-

RTECS #

KJ3150000

CAS #

79-00-5

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

133.40

Molecular Formula

C2H3Cl3

Synonyms

1,1,2-Trichlorethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (ACGIH:OSHA)
1,2,2-Trichloroethane
beta-T
beta-Trichloroethane
Ethane trichloride
NCI-C04579
RCRA waste number U227
RCRA waste number U359
Trojchloroetan(1,1,2) (Polish)
Vinyl trichloride

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
eye /rabbit 162 mg mildEJTXAZ 9,171,1976
eye /rabbit 500 mg/24H mild85JCAE -,95,1986
skin /guinea pig 1440 mg/15MAPTOA6 41,298,1977
skin /rabbit 500 mg open irritation test mildUCDS** 6/28/1972
skin /rabbit 810 mg/24H severeEJTXAZ 9,171,1976
skin /rabbit 500 mg/24H mild85JCAE -,95,1986

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysisskin/guinea pig2880 µg/kgAPTOA6 41,298,1977
DNA adductlymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified)1 mmol/LTOLED5 11,243,1982
DNA Damagelymphocyte/human2500 µmol/LMUREAV 371,185,1996
micronucleus testlymphocyte/human100 µmol/LMUREAV 371,185,1996
morphological transformembryo/mouse25 mg/LCALEDQ 28,85,1985
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium10 µg/plate (+/-enzymatic activation step)TECSDY 15,101,1987
other mutation test systems/Escherichia coli135 mmol/LEMMUEG 19,98,1992
other mutation test systemsoral/mouse100 mg/kgMUREAV 343,157,1995
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction/Aspergillus nidulans750 ppmMUREAV 201,401,1988

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 76 gm/kg/78W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors		NCITR* NCI-TR-74,1978
oral/mouse toxic dose: 152 gm/kg/78W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors		NCITR* NCI-TR-74,1978

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Mouse, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5.6 mmol/L/2HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)TIVIEQ 3,145,1989
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5.2 mmol/L/2HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.)TIVIEQ 3,145,1989
inhalation/cat Lowest published lethal concentration: 13100 mg/m3/4.5HEye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: General anesthetic

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands		AHBAAM 116,131,1936
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 20400 mg/m3/17MBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: TransaminasesVCVGH* -,381,1990
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 10000 mg/m3/2HBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,380,1990
inhalation/rat Lowest published lethal concentration: 500 ppm/4HUCDS** 6/28/1972
intraperitoneal/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 450 mg/kgLiver: Liver function tests impairedTXAPA9 10,119,1967
intraperitoneal/guinea pig lowest published lethal dose: 970 mg/kgAOHYA3 19,115,1976
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 494 mg/kgTXAPA9 9,139,1966
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 265 mg/kgENVRAL 40,411,1986
intravenous/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 95 mg/kgQJPPAL 7,205,1934
oral/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kgBehavioral: Sleep

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal		AJHYA2 16,325,1932
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 378 mg/kgVCVGH* -,381,1990
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 378 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach		DCTODJ 8,333,1985
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 580 mg/kgENTOX* -,380,2005
skin/guinea pig lowest published lethal dose: 970 mg/kgAOHYA3 19,115,1976
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3730 µL/kgAIHAAP 30,470,1969
subcutaneous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 227 mg/kgJPETAB 123,224,1958
subcutaneous/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kgQJPPAL 7,205,1934

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 532 mg/kg/14D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight

Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight		DCTODJ 8,333,1985
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 27 gm/kg/90D- continuousLiver: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases		DCTODJ 8,333,1985

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 10 ppm (skin)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 20,533,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 52,337,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 71,1153,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 20,533,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Available DataIMEMDT 52,337,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 71,1153,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 3IMEMDT 71,1153,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFAZMAE 18,365,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAIHAAP 40(3),A46,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,380,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 47,1287,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 23,271,2008

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) (skin)DTLVS* 3,263,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 10 ppm (40 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 10 ppm (55 mg/m3);KZW 50 ppm (275 mg/m3), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 10 ppm (56 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 10 ppm (54 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 20 ppm (110 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANYMAK 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), skin, 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYProhibited in Hungary, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 10 ppm (54 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), skin, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 10 ppm (45 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 20 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 10 ppm (54 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 10 ppm, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 10 ppm (55 mg/m3), KZG-week 20 ppm (110 mg/m3), carc 3, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 45 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE-air10H Carcinogen time-weighted average 10 ppm (Sk)NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 73770; Number of Industries 4; Total Number of Facilities 95; Number of Occupations 12; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1038; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 16
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 73770; Number of Industries 12; Total Number of Facilities 1422; Number of Occupations 18; Total Number of Employees Exposed 10453

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/90/196411/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);clear evidence:mouseNCITR* NCI-TR-74,1978
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (gavage);no evidence:ratNCITR* NCI-TR-74,1978
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 27, 1978
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #11

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