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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl-

RTECS #

MV2450000

CAS #

57-14-7

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

60.12

Molecular Formula

C2H8N2

Synonyms

1,1-Dimethylhydrazin (German)
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (ACGIH:OSHA)
as-Dimethyl hydrazine
asymmetric-Dimethylhydrazine
Dimazin
Dimazine
Dimethylhydrazine
N,N-Dimethylhydrazine
Niesymetryczna dwu metylohydrazyna (Polish)
RCRA waste number U098
uns-Dimethylhydrazine
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysissubcutaneous/rat160 mg/kg/3W- intermittentMUREAV 582,146,2005
Cytogenetic Analysisinhalation/rat54 mg/kg/10DMUREAV 577S,1,2005
DNA Damageinhalation/rat100 gm/L/4H/30D- intermittentTOVEFN -,11,2009
DNA Damageoral/rat200 mg/kgTOVEFN -,11,2009
DNA Damagesubcutaneous/rat160 mg/kg/3W- intermittentMUREAV 582,146,2005
DNA Damage/Escherichia coli1 µmol/LARTODN 46,277,1980
DNA Damagefibroblast/human300 µmol/LENMUDM 7,267,1985
DNA Damageliver/rat30 µmol/LMUREAV 113,357,1983
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse3500 µmol/kgCNREA8 41,1469,1981
DNA Damageoral/mouse50 mg/kgMUREAV 415,1,1998
DNA inhibitionoral/mouse200 mg/kgMUREAV 46,305,1977
DNA inhibitionAscites tumor/mouse1100 µmol/LJJATDK 1,243,1981
DNA repair/Bacillus subtilis6 mg/discMUREAV 97,1,1982
DNA repair/Escherichia coli600 µg/discMUREAV 97,1,1982
DNA repairliver/mouse100 µmol/LJJCREP 79,204,1988
host-mediated assaySalmonella typhimurium/mouse125 mg/kgJJIND8 62,911,1979
micronucleus testintraperitoneal/mouse28 mg/kg/24H-continuousMUREAV 216,321,1989
morphological transformother cell types/human50 mg/LITCSAF 17,719,1981
morphological transformfibroblast/human167 µmol/LPNASA6 80,7219,1983
morphological transformoral/rat200 µmol/kgCBINA8 43,313,1983
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse5 mmol/L/24HNTIS** AD-A075-605
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslung/hamster5 mmol/LMUREAV 130,121,1984
mutation in microorganisms/Aspergillus nidulans198 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 80,265,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium42 µmol/plate (+enzymatic activation step)CNREA8 41,1469,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium500 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)CNJGA8 21,319,1979
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli20 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)ARTODN 46,277,1980
other mutation test systemsAscites tumor/mouse900 µmol/LJJATDK 1,243,1981
phage inhibition capacity/Escherichia coli17 gm/LCNREA8 41,532,1981
sister chromatid exchangeintraperitoneal/mouse10 mg/kgENMUDM 8,579,1986
sperm morphologyintraperitoneal/mouse2300 mg/kg/5D-continuousCMMUAO 5,257,1978
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisintraperitoneal/rat60 mg/kgCANCAR 36,2364,1975

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/rat 600 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)		JTEHD6 13,125,1984

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 144 mg/kg/8W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors		JNCIAM 42,337,1969
oral/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 228 gm/kg/48W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Vascular: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors		CANCAR 40,2427,1977
oral/mouse toxic dose: 288 mg/kg/8W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors		JNCIAM 42,337,1969
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5880 mg/kg/42W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Vascular: Tumors

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors		JNCIAM 50,181,1973
oral/rat toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/14W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Ear: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors		NATUAS 246,491,1973
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/7W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Ear: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors		NATUAS 246,491,1973
subcutaneous/hamster lowest published toxic dose: 2686 mg/kg/72W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Peripheral nerve tumors		CALEDQ 35,303,1987
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/21W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors		CALEDQ 39,69,1988
subcutaneous/mouse toxic dose: 200 mg/kg/25W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors		BEXBAN 92,1681,1981
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kgTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors		SUFOAX 31,413,1980
subcutaneous/rat toxic dose: 400 mg/kg/20W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors		SUFOAX 31,413,1980

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/Dog lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 3580 ppm/15MGastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Behavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold		AIHAAP 24,137,1963
inhalation/Dog lowest published toxic concentration: 18 ppm/10MBehavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning		TOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog lowest published toxic concentration: 6 ppm/30MBehavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning		TOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog lowest published toxic concentration: 3 ppm/1HBehavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning		TOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog lowest published toxic concentration: 0.75 ppm/4HBehavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning		TOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog lowest published toxic concentration: 0.38 ppm/8HBehavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity

Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning		TOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 65 ppm/10MTOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 22 ppm/30MTOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 11 ppm/1HTOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 2.7 ppm/4HTOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 1.4 ppm/8HTOXID9 44,303,2005
inhalation/guinea pig lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 100 mg/m3/4HTOVEFN (6),39,1999
inhalation/hamster lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 392 ppm/4HBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdAMIHAB 12,609,1955
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 172 ppm/4HEye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea		AMIHAB 12,609,1955
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 252 ppm/4HEye: Other eye effects

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea		AMIHAB 12,609,1955
intracerebral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 27 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdBCPCA6 14,1901,1965
intraperitoneal/cat lowest published lethal dose: 30 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Vascular: Regional or general arteriolar or venous dilation

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis		EJTXAZ 7,238,1974
intraperitoneal/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes		NTIS** AD292-689
intraperitoneal/monkey lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting		NTIS** AD292-689
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 113 mg/kgEye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair		PSEBAA 124,172,1967
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 102 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdTXAPA9 6,371,1964
intravenous/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 60 mg/kgMEPAAX 24,71,1973
intravenous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 250 mg/kgMEPAAX 24,71,1973
intravenous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 119 mg/kgMEPAAX 24,71,1973
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 155 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)		STGNBT -,71,1999
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 122 mg/kgMEPAAX 24,71,1973
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 70 mg/kgBlood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) countTOVEFN -,11,2009
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 200 mg/kgBlood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) countTOVEFN -,11,2009
oral/rat lowest published lethal dose: 140 mg/kgBlood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) countTOVEFN -,11,2009
skin/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 301 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdTXAPA9 18,649,1971
skin/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1329 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdXAWPA2 CWL 2-10,1958
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1060 mg/kg85INA8 5,210.1(89),1986
skin/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 770 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above		STGNBT -,71,1999
subcutaneous/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 325 mg/kgCALEDQ 35,303,1987
unreported route/human lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kgBehavioral: Headache

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Liver function tests impaired		STGNBT -,71,1999

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 34 gm/m3/13M/40DLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestionEJTXAZ 7,242,1974
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/4H/30D- intermittentBlood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) countTOVEFN -,11,2009
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 630 mg/kg/3W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume increased

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field		TXAPA9 15,62,1969

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.01 ppm (skin)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 4,137,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 71,1425,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 4,137,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 71,1425,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2BIMEMDT 71,1425,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWATXKA8 28,135,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 723,108,2011

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin)DTLVS* 3,91,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 0.01 ppm (0.025 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 0.01 ppm (0.025 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 0.01 ppm (0.025 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDshort term exposure limit 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3), C2 Carcinogen, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYceiling concentration 1.2 mg/m3, Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m3), carc, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN2B carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 1 ppm (2 mg/m3) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.01 ppm (0.025 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.25 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 0.01 ppm (0.025 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENGroup B Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.5 ppm (1.2 mg/m3), carc 2, skin, sen, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO 1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE-airCarcinogen ceiling concentration 0.06 ppm/120MNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 84395; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 43; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 2917
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 84395; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 14; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 25

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101025/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Rodent dominant lethal; L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse; In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, 3515
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
On EPA IRIS database

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