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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

2-Oxetanone

RTECS #

RQ7350000

CAS #

57-57-8

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

72.07

Molecular Formula

C3H4O2

Synonyms

1,3-Propiolactone
3-Hydroxypropionic acid lactone
3-Propanolide
3-Propiolactone
beta-PL
Betaprone
beta-Propiolactone
beta-Propiolactone (ACGIH:OSHA)
beta-Propiolakton (Czech)
beta-Propionolactone
beta-Proprolactone
BPL
Hydracrylic acid beta-lactone
Propanolide
Propiolactone
Propionic acid, 3-hydroxy-, beta-lactone

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysisfibroblast/human13 mg/LCNREA8 46,4720,1986
Cytogenetic AnalysisHeLa cell/human100 nmol/LTXCYAC 9,21,1978
Cytogenetic Analysisleukocyte/rat250 µmol/L/5HLBANAX 3,157,1969
Cytogenetic Analysisfibroblast/hamster30 mg/L/24HMUREAV 48,337,1977
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster18 mg/LGMCRDC 27,95,1981
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster200 µg/LENMUDM 7,1,1985
DNA adductlymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified)1600 µmol/L/20HCBINA8 18,327,1977
DNA adductliver/mouse1600 µmol/L/20HCBINA8 18,327,1977
DNA adduct/Escherichia coli10 µmol/LMUREAV 89,95,1981
DNA Damage/Other microorganisms10 mmol/LJGAMA9 19,339,1973
DNA Damage/Other microorganisms1000 ppmCBINA8 10,41,1975
DNA Damage/Other microorganisms2 pphCBINA8 10,41,1975
DNA Damage/Other microorganisms1600 µmol/LPNASA6 73,2629,1976
DNA Damage/Bacillus subtilis110 nmol/LCNREA8 41,4368,1981
DNA Damagelymphocyte/human1 mmol/LJACTDZ 1(3),125,1982
DNA Damageskin/mouse8 nmol/kgANYAA9 163,751,1969
DNA DamageAscites tumor/mouse12 mmol/LCNREA8 36,3025,1976
DNA Damageliver/rat30 µmol/LMUREAV 368,59,1996
DNA Damageoral/rat100 mg/kgCNREA8 38,1589,1978
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse100 mg/kgMUREAV 493,39,2001
DNA Damageoral/mouse150 mg/kgMUREAV 493,39,2001
DNA Damagelung/hamster100 µmol/L/1HBBRCA9 72,732,1976
DNA Damageembryo/hamster2500 µg/LCBINA8 13,105,1976
DNA Damageliver/rat100 µmol/L/3HMUREAV 629,49,2007
DNA inhibitionskin/mouse8600 µmol/kgCNREA8 33,769,1973
DNA inhibitionHeLa cell/human500 µmol/LMUREAV 92,427,1982
DNA inhibition/Other microorganisms5 mmol/LJGAMA9 19,339,1973
DNA repair/Escherichia coli10 µg/discJJIND8 62,873,1979
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae1 µg/platePMRSDJ 1,456,1981
heritable translocation testparenteral/Drosophila melanogaster25 mmol/LMUREAV 66,55,1979
host-mediated assaySalmonella typhimurium/mouse405 mg/kgJJIND8 62,911,1979
micronucleus testintraperitoneal/mouse54 mg/kg/24H-continuousMUREAV 216,321,1989
morphological transformembryo/mouse100 µg/LPMRSDJ 5,659,1985
morphological transformintraperitoneal/hamster250 mg/kgARPAAQ 95,380,1973
morphological transformembryo/hamster2500 µg/LCBINA8 13,105,1976
morphological transformkidney/hamster80 µg/LBJCAAI 37,873,1978
morphological transformother cell types/human7500 µg/LCNREA8 41,5096,1981
morphological transformfibroblast/human28 µmol/LPNASA6 80,7219,1983
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsovary/hamster10 mg/LMUREAV 94,449,1982
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslung/hamster2 mmol/LENMUDM 6,426,1984
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse2 mg/L/2HMUREAV 59,61,1979
mutation in microorganismslymphocyte/mouse15 mg/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 59,61,1979
mutation in microorganisms/Saccharomyes cerevisiae1 mmol/L/2HMUREAV 616,119,2007
mutation in microorganisms/Schizosaccharomyces pombe100 µg/L (+/-enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 1,424,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Neurospora crassa2 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 53,297,1978
mutation in microorganisms/Saccharomyes cerevisiae89 mg/L (+/-enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 1,414,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Serratia marcescens2 gm/L (-enzymatic activation step)ATXKA8 28,93,1971
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms2 gm/L (-enzymatic activation step)MOPMA3 6,667,1970
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms450 µmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)CNREA8 42,3480,1982
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms667 ppm/1H (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 34,175,1976
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli1 µL/plate (+/-enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 1,387,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium1 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983
other mutation test systems/Salmonella typhimurium8300 µg/LMUREAV 192,239,1987
other mutation test systems/Bacillus subtilis50 mmol/LJOBAAY 136,854,1978
other mutation test systems/Other microorganisms5 mmol/LJGAMA9 19,339,1973
other mutation test systemsother cell types/mouse57 gm/LBCPCA6 23,937,1974
phage inhibition capacity/Other microorganisms1 mg/plateZMMPAO 231,369,1975
phage inhibition capacity/Escherichia coli340 nmol/platePNASA6 79,5971,1982
phage inhibition capacity/Salmonella typhimurium500 ppmCNREA8 30,830,1970
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionoral/Drosophila melanogaster250 ppmENMUDM 6,189,1984
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionparenteral/Drosophila melanogaster10 mmol/LMUREAV 66,55,1979
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction/Saccharomyes cerevisiae25 mg/LPMRSDJ 1,468,1981
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster100 µmol/LNATUAS 258,121,1975
sister chromatid exchangelung/hamster100 µmol/LMUREAV 118,103,1983
specific locus testoral/Drosophila melanogaster200 mmol/LENMUDM 6,153,1984
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis/Escherichia coli15 mmol/LZKKOBW 92,177,1978
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisfibroblast/human160 µg/LTXCYAC 21,151,1981
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisskin/mouse8600 µmol/kgCNREA8 33,769,1973
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/mouse500 µmol/LJIDEAE 62,480,1974
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisfibroblast/mouse500 µmol/LJIDEAE 62,480,1974

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/6H/30D- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors		JJIND8 79,285,1987
intratracheal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 72 mg/kg/30W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma		BJCAAI 20,134,1966
intravenous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kgTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		BJCAAI 10,357,1956
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 3080 mg/kg/77W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors		JJIND8 63,1433,1979
oral/mouse toxic dose: 320 mg/kg/8W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors		CNREA8 43,4747,1983
oral/rat toxic dose: 3050 mg/kg/61W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors		JNCIAM 37,825,1966
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2868 mg/kg/1Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors		BJCAAI 46,924,1982
rectal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 857 mg/kg/6W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Colon tumors		CNREA8 48,2740,1988
skin/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 56 mg/kg/141W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Liver: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors		BJCAAI 20,200,1966
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 6200 mg/kg/15W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors		BJCAAI 9,177,1955
skin/mouse toxic dose: 37772 mg/kg/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		FCTOD7 23,1081,1985
skin/mouse toxic dose: 8100 mg/kg/27W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors		BJCAAI 10,357,1956
skin/mouse toxic dose: 11 gm/kg/56W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		TXCYAC 6,139,1976
subcutaneous/mouse toxic dose: 408 mg/kg/34W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		JNCIAM 53,695,1974
subcutaneous/mouse toxic dose: 648 mg/kg/54W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		JJIND8 63,1433,1979
subcutaneous/mouse toxic dose: 1168 mg/kg/40W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		JNCIAM 37,825,1966
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 69 mg/kg/43W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		BJCAAI 19,392,1965
subcutaneous/rat toxic dose: 50 mg/kg/25W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		BJCAAI 15,85,1961
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 22 mg/kg/25W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		BMBUAQ 20,96,1964
subcutaneous/rat toxic dose: 1080 mg/kg/54W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application		JNCIAM 39,1213,1967

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 25 ppm/6H85INA8 5,497,1986
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 405 mg/kgJJIND8 62,911,1979

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.5 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 4,259,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 71,1103,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 4,259,1974
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 71,1103,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2BIMEMDT 71,1103,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENVRAL 7,243,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW22HAAD 6,409,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 14,141,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 590,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 680,83,2009

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARDSUSPECTED CARCINOGENDTLWS* 3,27,1972
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), Carcinogen, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYceiling concentration 1.5 mg/m3, Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), carc, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN2B carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 1 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENGroup B Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m3), carc 2, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)see Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 29,1926.1113CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-cancer suspect agentCFRGBR 29,1910.1013,1987

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO beta-PROPIOLACTONE-airCarcinogen use 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.1013NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 62270; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 19; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 38

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Mammalian micronucleus
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; SHE-focus assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: CHO gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster-reciprocal translocation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9; Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Host-mediated assay; L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: N crassa-forward mutation; N crassa-reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae-reversion
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
On EPA IRIS database

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