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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

2,3-Butanedione

RTECS #

EK2625000

CAS #

431-03-8

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

86.10

Molecular Formula

C4H6O2

Synonyms

2,3-Butadione
2,3-Diketobutane
Biacetyl
Diacetyl
Dimethyl diketone
Dimethylglyoxal
Glyoxal, dimethyl-

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
skin /rabbit 500 mg/24H moderateFCTXAV 17,765,1979

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsother cell types/mouse200 mg/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)FCTOD7 46,2928,2008
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium1 mg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 67,367,1979
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisoral/rat1500 mg/kgJJCREP 76,809,1985

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 198.4 ppm/6HOlfaction: Other olfaction effects

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TOXID9 78,438,2004
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 294.6 ppm/6HOlfaction: Other olfaction effects

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TOXID9 78,438,2004
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 294.6 ppm/6HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changesTOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 224 ppm/1HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchiTOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 198.4 ppm/6HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchiTOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 356 ppm/1HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TOPADD 36,330,2008
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 92.9 ppm/15MOlfaction: Other olfaction effectsTOPADD 36,330,2008
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 400 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Vascular: Regional or general arteriolar or venous dilation
FCTXAV 7,571,1969
oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 990 mg/kgBehavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
FCTXAV 2,327,1964
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3000 mg/kgVCVGK* -,448,1994
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1580 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
FCTXAV 2,327,1964
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): >5 gm/kgFCTXAV 17,765,1979

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/5D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
TOXID9 90,210,2006
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 48600 mg/kg/90D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells
FCTXAV 7,571,1969
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 48600 mg/kg/90D- intermittentGastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight
VCVGK* -,448,1994

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.01 ppm;short term exposure limit 0.02 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 84595; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 185; Number of Occupations 13; Total Number of Employees Exposed 3438; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1628
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 84595; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 126; Number of Occupations 6; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1503

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; selected, October 2000
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