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Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

o-Toluidine

RTECS #

XU2975000

CAS #

95-53-4

Updated

September 201

Molecular Weight

107.17

Molecular Formula

C7H9N

Synonyms

1-Amino-2-methylbenzene
1-Methyl-2-aminobenzene
2-Amino-1-methylbenzene
2-Aminotoluene
2-Methyl-1-aminobenzene
2-Methylaniline
2-Methylbenzenamine
2-Toluidine
Aniline, 2-methyl-
Benzenamine, 2-methyl- (9CI)
C.I. 37077
o-Aminotoluene
o-Methylaniline
o-Methylbenzenamine
ortho-Toluidine
o-Toluidin (Czech)
o-Toluidine (ACGIH:OSHA)
o-Toluidyna (Polish)
o-Tolylamine
RCRA waste number U328

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
eye /rabbit 750 µg/24H severe85JCAE -,460,1986
skin /rabbit 10 mg/24H open irritation test mildAIHAAP 23,95,1962
skin /rabbit 500 mg/24H mild85JCAE -,460,1986

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
body fluid assaySalmonella typhimurium/rat300 mg/kgMUREAV 79,173,1980
body fluid assayovary/rat400 mg/kgMUREAV 143,263,1985
Cytogenetic Analysisliver/rat175 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,387,1985
Cytogenetic Analysisliver/hamster12 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,397,1985
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster1 gm/LPMRSDJ 5,427,1985
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster250 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,413,1985
Cytogenetic Analysisintraperitoneal/mouse45 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse100 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
DNA Damageoral/rat500 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
DNA Damageovary/hamster20 mmol/LPMRSDJ 5,367,1985
DNA Damageother cell types/rat8 mmol/L/20HTXCYAC 179,115,2002
DNA Damageother cell types/human16 mmol/L/20HTXCYAC 179,115,2002
DNA Damageliver/rat319 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,353,1985
DNA Damageoral/mouse600 mg/kgMUREAV 440,1,1999
DNA inhibitionintraperitoneal/mouse20 gm/kgARGEAR 51,605,1981
DNA inhibitionHeLa cell/human4 mmol/LCRNGDP 13,2389,1992
DNA inhibitionoral/mouse200 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
DNA repair/Escherichia coli20 µL/plateJJIND8 62,873,1979
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae378 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,271,1985
micronucleus testmultiple/non-mammalian species4 ppmMUREAV 292,83,1993
micronucleus testlymphocyte/human2 mmol/LMUREAV 291,93,1993
micronucleus testintraperitoneal/rat300 mg/kgMUREAV 583,133,2005
micronucleus testoral/rat600 mg/kgMUREAV 583,133,2005
morphological transformembryo/mouse500 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,659,1985
morphological transformembryo/hamster100 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,665,1985
morphological transformfibroblast/mouse300 mg/L/10DMUREAV 702,100,2010
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse10 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,587,1985
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/human450 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,497,1985
mutation in microorganisms/Saccharomyes cerevisiae378 mg/L (+/-enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 5,271,1985
mutation in microorganismslymphocyte/human300 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 5,497,1985
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium40 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)PJABDW 53,34,1977
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium250 ng/plate (+enzymatic activation step)AGSREJ 13,13,1995
mutation in microorganismslymphocyte/mouse12500 µg/L (+enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 5,525,1985
mutation in microorganismsembryo/mouse250 mg/L (+enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 5,639,1985
phage inhibition capacity/Escherichia coli100 mmol/LMDMIAZ 31,11,1979
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionliver/hamster60 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,397,1985
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human200 µmol/LMUREAV 211,77,1989
sister chromatid exchangeliver/rat21800 µg/LPMRSDJ 5,387,1985
sister chromatid exchangeintraperitoneal/hamster200 mg/kgMUREAV 113,33,1983
sister chromatid exchangeoral/hamster200 mg/kgMUREAV 113,33,1983
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster125 mg/LPMRSDJ 5,451,1985
sister chromatid exchangelung/hamster2500 µmol/LPMRSDJ 5,469,1985
specific locus testoral/Drosophila melanogaster1 mmol/LPMRSDJ 5,313,1985
Unscheduled DNA SynthesisHeLa cell/human50 µL/LPMRSDJ 5,347,1985
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/rat1 mmol/LPMRSDJ 5,371,1985

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
skin/rat 9520 mg/kg (17W male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical		GTPZAB 27(9),47,1983
skin/rat 9520 mg/kg (17W prior to copulation)Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical		GTPZAB 27(9),47,1983
skin/rat 952 mg/kg (17W prior to copulation)Reproductive: Maternal effects: Ovaries, fallopian tubes

Reproductive: Maternal effects: Menstrual cycle changes or disorders		GTPZAB 27(9),47,1983

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 109 gm/kg/2Y- continuousTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors		FCTOD7 25,619,1987
oral/rat toxic dose: 7250 mg/kg/23W- continuousTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors		APMIAL 26,447,1949
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 320 mg/kg (15-21D pregnant)Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Transplacental tumorigenesis		BEXBAN 78,1402,1974
subcutaneous/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg/14W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Bladder tumors		IMEMDT 27,155,1982

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/man lowest published toxic concentration: 25 mg/m3Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume increased

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Hematuria

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia		GTPZAB 14(8),7,1970
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 862 ppm/4HBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Tremor

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis		NTIS** OTS0570956
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 113 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
oral/cat lethal dose (50 percent kill): >50 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
oral/cat lowest published lethal dose: 150 mg/kgBehavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia		XPHBAO 271,49,1941
oral/frog lowest published lethal dose: 151 mg/kgBehavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia		XPHBAO 271,49,1941
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1700 mg/kgGTPZAB 32(10),25,1988
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 520 mg/kgBlood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia		IMEMDT 27,155,1982
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 520 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 840 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 840 mg/kgBlood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia		IMEMDT 27,155,1982
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 670 mg/kgBlood: Normocytic anemia

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Blood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia		IMEMDT 27,155,1982
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kgLiver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects		TXCYAC 186,67,2003
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 635 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3250 µL/kgAIHAAP 23,95,1962
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3250 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1115 mg/kgHPV300 -,-,2001

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 225 mg/kg/3D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects		HPV300 -,-,2001
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 131040 mg/kg/104W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects		HPV300 -,-,2001
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1125 mg/kg/5D- continuousBlood: Changes in spleen

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field		FAATDF 3,285,1983
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10200 mg/kg/30D- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria

Blood: Normocytic anemia

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain		VINIT* #4035-77
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1125 mg/kg/5D- intermittentBlood: Methemoglobinemia- Carboxhemoglobinemia

Blood: Changes in spleen		CICAD* VI:7,1,1998
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1148 mg/kg/4W- continuousLiver: Other changes

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain		IJTOFN 24,365,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2086 mg/kg/2W- continuousNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gainIJTOFN 24,365,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2190 mg/kg/30D- continuousBlood: Methemoglobinemia- CarboxhemoglobinemiaIJTOFN 24,365,2005
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4004 mg/kg/91D- continuousBlood: Methemoglobinemia- CarboxhemoglobinemiaIJTOFN 24,365,2005

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 2 ppm (skin)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Limited EvidenceIMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2AIMEMDT 77,564,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 567,109,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTCMUD8 23(Suppl 1),187,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 196,1,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 588,88,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 44,1699,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,104,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,59,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,206,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBCLPT* 96,131,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 23,153,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 751,49,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 752,99,2013

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3)DTLVS* 3,261,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 2 ppm (8.8 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIATRK-TMW 0.1 ppm (0.5 mg/m3);KZW 0.4 ppm (2 mg/m3), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 2 ppm (8.9 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 2 ppm (9 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 2 ppm, short term exposure limit 4 ppm, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 2 ppm (9 mg/m3), C2 Carcinogen, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYceiling concentration 0.5 mg/m3, Skin, Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 2 ppm (9 mg/m3), carc, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 1 ppm (4.4 mg/m3), skin, 2A carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 2 ppm (9 mg/m3), carcinogen, skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.2 ppm (0.89 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 1 ppm (4.5 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 2 ppm (8.8 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 3 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 9 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 0.5 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 1 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.1 ppm (0.5 mg/m3), carc 2, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 0.2 ppm (0.89 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO o-TOLUIDINE-airCarcinogen lowest feasible concentration (Sk)NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 73470; Number of Industries 32; Total Number of Facilities 2517; Number of Occupations 25; Total Number of Employees Exposed 30019; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 15501
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 73470; Number of Industries 21; Total Number of Facilities 2912; Number of Occupations 20; Total Number of Employees Exposed 13053

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse; S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Amines, aromatic, 2002
NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens,2004:Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-73

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