alpha-Chloroacetophenone

CAS number: 532–27–4

NIOSH REL: 0.3 mg/m³ (0.05 ppm) TWA

Current OSHA PEL: 0.3 mg/m³ (0.05 ppm) TWA

1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 0.32 mg/m³ (0.05 ppm) TWA

Description of Substance: Colorless to gray crystalline solid with a sharp, irritating odor.

LEL: . . Unknown

Original (SCP) IDLH: 100 mg/m³

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: ACGIH [1971] reported that the effective concentration to produce casualties as estimated from volunteer exposure is greater than 100 mg/m³. Deichmann and Gerarde [1969] reported that a fatality followed an exposure of less than 20 minutes to high concentrations of vapor (5.4 grams in a 34 m³ room, which is roughly equivalent to 160 mg/m³). Based on the data cited above, an IDLH of 100 mg/m³ is chosen.

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

Species	Reference	LC50	LCLo	Time	Adjusted 0.5-hr LC (CF)	Derived value
Rat Mouse Rabbit G. pig Human Human	Ballantyne and Swanston 1978 Ballantyne and Swanston 1978 Ballantyne and Swanston 1978 Ballantyne and Swanston 1978 Deichmann and Gerarde 1969 Prentiss 1937	----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----	417 mg/m3 600 mg/m3 465 mg/m3 490 mg/m3 159 mg/m3 850 mg/m3	15 min 15 min 20 min 30 min 20 min 10 min	329 mg/m3 (0.79) 474 mg/m3 (0.79) 405 mg/m3 (0.87 490 mg/m3 (1.0) 138 mg/m3 (0.87) 587 mg/m3 (0.69)	33 mg/m3 47 mg/m3 41 mg/m3 49 mg/m3 14 mg/m3 59 mg/m3

Other animal data: RD₅₀ (mouse), 6.2 mg/m³ [Alarie 1981].

Other human data: It has been reported that 31 mg/m³ is intolerable after 3 minutes [Punte et al. 1962].

Revised IDLH: 15 mg/m3 Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for -chloroacetophenone is 15 mg/m3 based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969; Punte et al. 1962].

REFERENCES:

1. ACGIH [1971]. alpha-Chloroacetophenone. In: Documentation of threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 48-49.

2. Alarie Y [1981]. Dose-response analysis in animal studies: prediction of human responses. Environ Health Perspect 42:9-13.

3. Ballantyne B, Swanston DW [1978]. The comparative acute mammalian toxicity of 1-chloroacetophenone (CN) and 2-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS). Arch Toxicol 40:75-95.

4. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Chloroacetophenone. In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 163.

5. Prentiss AM [1937]. Chemicals in war. A treatise on chemical warfare. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., pp. 142-144.

6. Punte CL, Ballard TA, Weimer JT [1962]. Inhalation studies with chloroacetophenone, diphenylaminochloroarsine and pelargonic morpholide. I. Animal exposures. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 23:194-198.