Chlorinated camphene

CAS number: 8001–35–2

NIOSH REL: None established; NIOSH considers chlorinated camphene to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].

Current OSHA PEL: 0.5 mg/m³ TWA [skin]

1989 OSHA PEL: 0.5 mg/m³ TWA, 1 mg/m³ STEL [skin]

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 0.5 mg/m³ TWA, 1 mg/m³ STEL [skin]

Description of Substance: Amber, waxy solid with a mild, piney, chlorine- and camphor-like odor.

LEL: . . Noncombustible Solid

Original (SCP) IDLH: 200 mg/m³

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH has been estimated from the statement by Patty [1963] from the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry [1952], Deichmann and Gerarde [1969], Stolman [1969], Thienes and Haley [1972], and Sax [1968] that the human oral lethal dose is about 2 to 7 grams.

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

Species	Reference	LC50	LCLo	Time	Adjusted 0.5-hr LC (CF)	Derived value
Mouse	Wermer 1952	-----	2,000 mg/m3	2 hr	3,200 mg/m3 (1.6)	320 mg/m3

Lethal dose data:

Species	Reference	Route	LD50 (mg/kg)	LDLo (mg/kg)	Adjusted LD	Derived value
Rabbit Mouse G. pig Rat	Hartley and Kidd 1983-86 Kenaga and Morgan 1978 Perkow 1971/76 von Schwabe and Wendling 1967	oral oral oral oral	75 112 250 50	----- ----- ----- -----	525 mg/m3 784 mg/m3 1,750 mg/m3 350 mg/m3	53 mg/m3 78 mg/m3 175 mg/m3 35 mg/m3

Human data: No toxic responses were noted in 25 volunteers exposed to 500 mg/m³ for 30 minutes/day for 10 consecutive days [Shelansky 1947]. The oral lethal dose has been reported to be about 2 to 7 grams [Thienes and Haley 1972]. [Note: An oral dose of 2 to 7 grams is equivalent to a worker being exposed to about 1,300 to 4,700 mg/m³ for 30 minutes, assuming a breathing rate of 50 liters per minute and 100% absorption.]

Revised IDLH: 200 mg/m3 [Unchanged] Basis for revised IDLH: Based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Shelansky 1947], a value of about 500 mg/m3 would have been appropriate. However, the original IDLH of 200 mg/m3 is not being revised at this time. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for chlorinated camphene at any detectable concentration.]

REFERENCES:

1. Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Toxaphene (synthetic 3956; chlorinated camphene). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 598.

2. Hartley D, Kidd H [1983-86]. The agrochemicals handbook. Nottingham, England: Royal Society of Chemistry, p. A054.

3. Kenaga EE, Morgan RW [1978]. Commercial and experimental organic insecticides (1978 revision). Entomological Society of America, Special Publication 78-1:13.

4. Patty FA, ed. [1963]. Industrial hygiene and toxicology. 2nd rev. ed. Vol. II. Toxicology. New York, NY: Interscience Publishers, Inc., p. 1360.

5. Perkow W [1971/76]. Wirksubstanzen der pflanzenschutz und schadlingsbekampfungsmittel. Berlin, Germany: Verlag Paul Parey (in German).

6. Sax NI [1968]. Dangerous properties of industrial materials. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, p. 1172.

7. Shelansky H [1947]. Unpublished report to Hercules, Inc. In: ACGIH [1971]. Chlorinated camphene (60%). In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, p. 115.

8. Stolman A, ed. [1969]. Progress in chemical toxicology. Vol. 4. New York, NY: Academic Press, p. 195.

9. Stormont RT, Conley BE [1952]. Report to the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry: pharmacologic properties of toxaphene, a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide. JAMA 149(12):1135-1137.

10. Thienes CH, Haley TJ [1972]. Clinical toxicology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lea & Febiger, pp. 26-27.

11. von Schwabe V, Wendling I [1967]. Beschleunigung des arzneimittel-abbaus durch kleine dosen von DDT und anderen chlorkoblenwasserstoff-insekticiden. Arzneimittel-Forschung (Drug Research) 17:614-618 (in German).

12. Wermer PL [1952]. Pharmacological properties of toxaphene, a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide. JAMA 149:1135-1137.