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Absenteeism and Employer Costs Associated With Chronic Diseases and Health Risk Factors in the US Workforce

ORIGINAL RESEARCH — Volume 13 — October 6, 2016

PEER REVIEWED

Figure 1. Regression-adjusted number of excess missed workdays per year by chronic disease or risk factor from the full model, which controlled for industry and employee characteristics. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. Abbreviation: MEPS, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Variable No. of Excess Missed Workdays per Year (95% Confidence Interval)
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
Smoking 0.58 (0.25–0.92)
Physical inactivity 0.63 (0.33–0.92)
Obesity 1.02 (0.70–1.33)
Hypertension 1.13 (0.84–1.42)
Diabetes 1.03 (0.63–1.42)
MarketScan
Smoking 1.07 (0.83–1.31)
Physical inactivity 1.94 (1.51–2.36)
Obesity 0.59 (0.49–0.69)
Hypertension 1.23 (1.06–1.41)
Diabetes 1.35 (0.98–1.73)

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Figure 2. Regression-adjusted number of missed workdays per year. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. Abbreviation: MEPS, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Survey Data Set No. of Conditions Any Risk Factor (Smoking, Obesity, or Physical Inactivity) Chronic Disease (Hypertension or Diabetes)
0 or 1 2 or 3 4 or 5
MarketScan, no. of missed workdays 2.0 (−0.4 to 4.4) 4.5 (1.5 to 7.5) 8.6 (4.5 to 12.7) 2.6 (−0.2 to 5.4) 4.0 (0.9 to 7.1)
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, no. of missed workdays 2.3 (1.7 to 2.9) 3.7 (3.0 to 4.4) 4.4 (3.1 to 5.7) 3.2 (2.6 to 3.8) 3.7 (3.0 to 4.4)

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The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions.
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