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Pentoxifylline
From WikEM
Contents
Administration
- Type:
- Dosage Forms:
- Routes of Administration: Oral
- Common Trade Names: Trental, Pentoxil
Adult Dosing
- Intermittent claudication, stasis ulcer: 400mg PO TID
- Vascular disorder of inner ear: 1600mg PO per day in 2-4 divided doses
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver: 1200mg PO daily
- Note: likely no benefit in acute alcoholic hepatitis[1]
Pediatric Dosing
Safety/efficacy not established
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: Infant risk cannot be ruled out
- Renal dosing: no adjustment
- Hepatic dosing: no adjustment
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Recent cerebral or retinal hemorrhage
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia
- Angina
- Jaundice
- Retinal hemorrhage
Common
- Nausea/vomiting
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 0.4-1.6h
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Excretion:
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits phosphodiesterase, decreases plasma fibrinogen concentrations, and RBC/platelet aggregation→ reduced blood viscosity, improved erythrocyte flexibility/microcirculatory flow
Comments
See Also
References
- ↑ Mathurin P, Louvet A, Duhamel A, et al. Prednisolone with vs without pentoxifylline and survival of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;310(10):1033-41.
