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Viral parotitis
From WikEM
Contents
Background
- Acute infection of the parotid glands
- Most often caused by the mumps virus; less commonly by influenza, parainfluenza, coxsackie, echo, HIV
- Most common in children <15yrs
- Contagious for 9d after onset of parotid swelling
Clinical Features
- Prodrome of fever, malaise, headache, myalgias, arthralgias
- Unilateral or bilateral parotid swelling
- Unilateral orchitis (20-30% of male patients)
Differential Diagnosis
Bilateral Parotitis
- Viral infections
- Viral parotitis
- parainfluenza
- coxsackievirus
- influenza A
- Epstein-Barr virus
- adenovirus
- HIV
- cytomegalovirus
- Bacterial infections
- Noninfectious
- Salivary calculi
- Tumors
- Sarcoidosis
- Sjögren’s syndrome
- Thiazide diuretics
Facial Swelling
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Buccal space infections
- Dental problems
- Masticator space infections
- Parapharyngeal space infection
- Neoplasm
- Maxillofacial trauma
- Facial cellulitis
- Canine space infection
- Salivary gland diagnoses
- Viral parotitis
- Suppurative parotitis
- Sialolithiasis
- Sialoadenitis
Management
- Supportive
Complications
- Mastitis, pancreatitis, aseptic meningitis, hearing loss, myocarditis, polyarthritis, hemolytic anemia
Disposition
- Isolated parotitis or orchitis: manage as outpatient
- Sysemtic complications: admit
See Also
References
Video
