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Persons using assistive technology might not be able to fully access information in this file. For assistance, please send e-mail to: mmwrq@cdc.gov. Type 508 Accommodation and the title of the report in the subject line of e-mail. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance -- United States, 1997Laura Kann, Ph.D. (1) Steven A. Kinchen (1) Barbara I. Williams, Ph.D. (2) James G. Ross, M.S. (3) Richard Lowry, M.D., M.S. (1) Carl V. Hill, M.P.H. (1) Jo Anne Grunbaum, Ed.D. (1) Pamela S. Blumson, M.S.N. (1) Janet L. Collins, Ph.D. (1) Lloyd J. Kolbe, Ph.D. (1) State and Local YRBSS Coordinators 1 Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC 2 Westat Incorporated, Rockville, Maryland 3 Macro International, Calverton, Maryland Abstract Problem/Condition: Priority health-risk behaviors, which contribute to the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among youth and adults, often are established during youth, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated. Reporting Period: February-May 1997. Description of the System: The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-risk behaviors among youth and young adults -- behaviors that contribute to unintentional and intentional injuries; tobacco use; alcohol and other drug use; sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) (including human immunodeficiency virus {HIV} infection); unhealthy dietary behaviors; and physical inactivity. The YRBSS includes a national school-based survey conducted by CDC as well as state, territorial, and local school-based surveys conducted by education and health agencies. This report summarizes results from the national survey, 33 state surveys, 3 territorial surveys, and 17 local surveys conducted among high school students from February through May 1997. Results and Interpretation: In the United States, 73% of all deaths among youth and young adults 10-24 years of age result from only four causes: motor vehicle crashes, other unintentional injuries, homicide, and suicide. Results from the national 1997 YRBSS demonstrate that many high school students engage in behaviors that increase their likelihood of death from these four causes -- 19.3% had rarely or never worn a seat belt; during the 30 days preceding the survey, 36.6% had ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol; 18.3% had carried a weapon during the 30 days preceding the survey; 50.8% had drunk alcohol during the 30 days preceding the survey; 26.2% had used marijuana during the 30 days preceding the survey; and 7.7% had attempted suicide during the 12 months preceding the survey. Substantial morbidity among school-age youth, young adults, and their children also result from unintended pregnancies and STDs, including HIV infection. YRBSS results indicate that in 1997, 48.4% of high school students had ever had sexual intercourse; 43.2% of sexually active students had not used a condom at last sexual intercourse; and 2.1% had ever injected an illegal drug. Of all deaths and substantial morbidity among adults greater than or equal to 25 years of age, 67% result from two causes -- cardiovascular disease and cancer. Most of the risk behaviors associated with these causes of death are initiated during adolescence. In 1997, 36.4% of high school students had smoked cigarettes during the 30 days preceding the survey; 70.7% had not eaten five or more servings of fruits and vegetables during the day preceding the survey; and 72.6% had not attended physical education class daily. Actions Taken: These YRBSS data are already being used by health and education officials to improve national, state, and local policies and programs to reduce risks associated with the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. YRBSS data also are being used to measure progress toward achieving 21 national health objectives and 1 of the 8 National Education Goals. INTRODUCTION In the United States, 73% of all deaths among youth and young adults 10-24 years of age result from only four causes -- motor vehicle crashes (30%), other unintentional injuries (10%), homicide (20%), and suicide (13%) (1). Substantial morbidity and social problems also result from the approximately 1 million pregnancies that occur each year among adolescents (2) as well as the estimated 3 million cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) that occur each year among the same age group (3). In the United States, 67% of all deaths and substantial morbidity among adults greater than or equal to 25 years of age result from two causes -- cardiovascular disease (43%) and cancer (24%) (1). Therefore, six categories of behaviors contribute to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States -- behaviors that contribute to unintentional and intentional injuries; tobacco use; alcohol and other drug use; sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and STDs (including human immunodeficiency virus {HIV} infection); unhealthy dietary behaviors; and physical inactivity. These behaviors, which frequently are interrelated, often are established during youth and extend into adulthood. To monitor the priority health-risk behaviors in each of these categories among youth and young adults, CDC developed the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) (4). The YRBSS includes national, state, territorial, and local school-based surveys of high school students. National surveys were conducted in 1990, 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1997. * Comparable state and local surveys were first conducted in 1990, when 23 states and 9 large cities participated. In 1991, 26 states, 2 territories, and 11 large cities conducted surveys; in 1993, 40 states, 2 territories, and 14 large cities; in 1995, 40 states, 4 territories, and 17 large cities; and in 1997, 38 states, 4 territories, and 17 large cities conducted surveys. This report summarizes the results from the 1997 national school-based survey and trends from 1991 through 1997 in selected risk behaviors. Data from 33 state, 3 territorial, and 17 local school-based surveys conducted during 1997 also are included. Data from 1 territorial and 5 state surveys conducted during 1997 were not included in this report because of their low overall response rate. METHODS Sampling The 1997 national school-based survey employed a three-stage cluster sample design to produce a nationally representative sample of students in grades 9-12. The first-stage sampling frame contained 1,719 primary sampling units (PSUs), consisting of large counties or groups of smaller, adjacent counties. From the 1,719 PSUs, 54 were selected from 16 strata formed on the basis of the degree of urbanization and the relative percentage of black and Hispanic students in the PSU. The PSUs were selected with probability proportional to school enrollment size. At the second sampling stage, 191 schools were selected with probability proportional to school enrollment size. To enable separate analysis of data for black ** and Hispanic students, schools with substantial numbers of black and Hispanic students were sampled at higher rates than all other schools. The third stage of sampling consisted of randomly selecting one or two intact classes of a required subject (e.g., English or social studies) from grades 9-12 at each chosen school. All students in the selected classes were eligible to participate in the survey. A weighting factor was applied to each student record to adjust for nonresponse and for the varying probabilities of selection, including those resulting from the oversampling of black and Hispanic students. Numbers of students in other racial/ethnic groups were too low for meaningful analysis in this report. The weights were scaled so that a) the weighted count of students was equal to the total sample size and b) the weighted proportions of students in each grade matched national population proportions. SUDAAN *** was used to compute 95% confidence intervals, which were used to determine differences between subgroups at the p less than 0.05 level (5). Differences between prevalence estimates were considered statistically significant if the 95% confidence intervals did not overlap. The national data are representative of students in grades 9-12 in public and private schools in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The 1997 state, territorial, and local school-based surveys employed a two-stage cluster sample design to produce representative samples of students in grades 9-12 in their jurisdictions. In most states, territories, and cities, the first-stage sampling frame consisted of all public schools containing any of grades 9-12. Schools were selected with probability proportional to school enrollment size. At the second sampling stage, intact classes of a required subject or a required period (e.g., second period) were randomly selected. All students in the selected classes were eligible to participate in the survey. Some states, territories, and large cities modified these procedures to meet their individual needs. For example, either classes were selected as the first stage of sampling, or all schools -- rather than a sample of schools -- were selected to participate. For the surveys from 24 states, 3 territories, and 15 large cities, each with an overall response rate of at least 60% and appropriate documentation, the data were weighted (Table_1). Weighted data from most of these states and cities can be generalized to all public-school students in grades 9-12 in the respective jurisdiction. For the surveys that did not have an overall response rate of at least 60% and appropriate documentation, the data were not weighted. The unweighted data from nine states and two large cities apply only to the students participating in the survey. The California survey excludes students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. For the national survey, 16,262 questionnaires were completed in 151 schools. The school response rate was 79%, and the student response rate was 87%, resulting in an overall response rate of 69% (Table_1). For the state, territorial, and local surveys, sample sizes ranged from 334 to 6,964. School response rates ranged from 49% to 100%; student response rates ranged from 60% to 97%; and overall response rates ranged from 44% to 89%. In the national, state, territorial, and local surveys, students were evenly distributed across grades and between sexes. Incidence rates for two variables were calculated to provide data for monitoring relevant year 2000 national health objectives (6). For weapon carrying, students who reported that they had carried a weapon 2-3 days during the 30 days preceding the survey were assigned a weapon-carrying frequency of 2.5; 4-5 days, 4.5; and greater than or equal to 6 days, 6.0. For physical fighting, students who reported having fought 2 or 3 times during the 12 months preceding the survey were assigned a fighting frequency of 2.5; 4-5 times, 4.5; 6-7 times, 6.5; 8-9 times, 8.5; 10-11 times, 10.5; and greater than or equal to 12 times, 12.0. The findings in this report are subject to at least two limitations. First, these data apply only to youth who attend high school and, therefore, are not representative of all persons in this age group. Second, these data apply only to youth who were in school on the day of survey administration. Data Collection Survey procedures were designed to protect the students' privacy by allowing for anonymous and voluntary participation. The students completed the self-administered questionnaire in their classrooms during a regular class period, recording their responses directly on a computer-scannable booklet or answer sheet. The core questionnaire contained 84 multiple-choice questions. State, territorial, and local education agencies added or deleted items to meet individual needs. Local parental permission procedures were followed before survey administration. RESULTS Behaviors That Contribute to Unintentional Injuries Seat Belt Use Nationwide, 19.3% of students had rarely or never worn seat belts when riding in a car or truck driven by someone else (Table_2). Overall, male students (23.2%) were significantly more likely than female students (14.5%) to have rarely or never worn seat belts. White **** male students (22.0%) were significantly more likely than white female students (10.8%) to have rarely or never worn seat belts, and male students in grades 9 and 12 (25.9% and 24.5%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in the same grades (16.0% and 13.5%, respectively) to have rarely or never worn seat belts. Overall, black students (31.3%) were significantly more likely than white students (17.1%) to have rarely or never worn seat belts. Black female students (28.3%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white female students (17.0% and 10.8%, respectively) to have rarely or never worn seat belts, and black male students (34.4%) were significantly more likely than white male students (22.0%) to have rarely or never worn seat belts. The prevalence rates across the state ***** surveys varied sixfold from 6.1% to 36.5% (median: 23.3%) (Table_3). Across the local surveys, the prevalence rates varied sixfold from 7.3% to 45.1% (median: 31.1%). Motorcycle Helmet Use Nationwide, 21.0% of students had ridden a motorcycle during the 12 months preceding the survey. Of these students, 36.2% rarely or never wore a motorcycle helmet (Table_2). Overall, Hispanic students (54.7%) were significantly more likely than white students (34.2%) to have rarely or never worn a motorcycle helmet. Prevalence rates of rarely or never wearing a motorcycle helmet varied across the state surveys threefold from 23.6% to 72.9% (median: 40.0%) (Table_3). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 30.2% to 73.1% (median: 42.0%). Bicycle Helmet Use Nationwide, 75.4% of students had ridden a bicycle during the 12 months preceding the survey. Of these students, 88.4% had rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet (Table_2). Overall, black students (95.8%) were significantly more likely than white students (87.1%) to have rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet. Black male students (96.1%) were significantly more likely than white male students (86.9%) to have rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet. The prevalence rates of rarely or never wearing a bicycle helmet ranged from 63.9% to 97.7% (median: 92.2%) across the state surveys and from 75.6% to 96.6% (median: 94.1%) across the local surveys (Table_3). Riding with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol During the 30 days preceding the survey, more than one third (36.6%) of students nationwide had ridden one or more times with a driver who had been drinking alcohol (Table_2). Male students in grade 10 (35.6%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 10 (28.2%) to have ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol. Overall, Hispanic students (42.8%) were significantly more likely than black students (33.5%) to have ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol. Hispanic female students (40.6%) were significantly more likely than black female students (29.8%) to report this behavior. Female students in grade 12 (39.1%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 10 (28.2%) to have ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol. Male students in grade 11 (42.9%) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 9 (31.8%) to report this behavior. Prevalence rates across the state surveys ranged from 19.4% to 52.5% (median: 36.0%) and across the local surveys from 20.7% to 43.1% (median: 32.1%) (Table_3). Driving After Drinking Alcohol During the 30 days preceding the survey, 16.9% of students nationwide had driven a vehicle one or more times after drinking alcohol (Table_2). Overall, male students (21.0%) were significantly more likely than female students (12.0%) to have driven after drinking alcohol. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and for students in grades 10 and 11. Overall, white and Hispanic students (18.9% and 18.1%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (9.4%) to have driven after drinking alcohol. This significant difference was identified for both female and male students. Female students in grade 12 (18.8%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 9 and 10 (7.5% and 7.5%, respectively) to report this behavior. Male students in grades 11 and 12 (25.1% and 30.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 9 and 10 (11.7% and 14.8%, respectively) to have driven after drinking alcohol. Prevalence rates across the state surveys varied sevenfold from 4.6% to 33.2% (median: 15.1%) (Table_3). Prevalence rates across the local surveys varied nearly threefold from 4.6% to 13.7% (median: 8.5%). Behaviors That Contribute to Intentional Injuries Carrying a Weapon Almost one fifth (18.3%) of students nationwide had carried a weapon (e.g., a gun, knife, or club) on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_4). Overall, male students (27.7%) were significantly more likely than female students (7.0%) to have carried a weapon. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic students (23.3%) were significantly more likely than white students (17.0%) to have carried a weapon. Black female students (14.7%) were significantly more likely than white female students (4.4%) to report this behavior. Female students in grade 9 (10.9%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (5.7% and 5.3%, respectively) to have carried a weapon, and male students in grade 9 (33.2%) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 12 (23.3%) to have done so. State prevalence rates ranged from 14.1% to 27.5% (median: 20.3%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 14.2% to 31.8% (median: 20.7%) (Table_5). Nationwide, 5.9% of students had carried a gun on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_4). Overall, male students (9.6%) were significantly more likely than female students (1.5%) to have carried a gun. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic and black students (10.1% and 9.2%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (4.4%) to have carried a gun. Black male and female students (16.3% and 2.5%, respectively) and Hispanic male students (16.9%) were significantly more likely than white male and female students (7.2% and 0.8%, respectively) to report this behavior. State prevalence rates ranged from 4.1% to 11.4% (median: 6.8%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 3.3% to 10.6% (median: 7.0%) (Table_5). An estimated 74.2 separate incidents of weapon carrying had occurred per 100 students on greater than or equal to 1 days during the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_4). Overall, the weapon-carrying incident rate was significantly higher for male students (115.5 per 100 students) than for female students (25.0 per 100 students). This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. The weapon-carrying incident rate was significantly higher for black and Hispanic female students (51.0 and 32.5 per 100 students, respectively) than for white female students (14.9 per 100 students). State incidence rates ranged from 47.8 per 100 students to 123.3 per 100 students (median: 82.1 per 100 students), and local incidence rates ranged from 53.1 per 100 students to 133.5 per 100 students (median: 77.6 per 100 students) (Table_5). Physical Fighting Among students nationwide, 36.6% had been in a physical fight one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_6). Overall, male students (45.5%) were significantly more likely than female students (26.0%) to have been in a physical fight. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, black and Hispanic students (43.0% and 40.7%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (33.7%) to have been in a physical fight. Black and Hispanic female students (37.7% and 30.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white female students (21.4%) to report this behavior. Male and female students in grade 9 (56.0% and 32.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 11 and 12 (43.5% and 36.6%, respectively) and female students in grade 12 (18.9%) to have been in a physical fight. Male and female students in grade 10 (48.2% and 30.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male and female students in grade 12 (36.6% and 18.9%, respectively) to report this behavior. Across the state surveys, the prevalence rates ranged from 27.6% to 50.4% (median: 33.3%) (Table_7). Across the local surveys, the prevalence rates ranged from 26.6% to 48.8% (median: 39.4%). Nationwide, 3.5% of students had been treated by a doctor or nurse for injuries sustained in a physical fight during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_6). Overall, male students (4.6%) were significantly more likely than female students (2.2%) to have been injured in a physical fight. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and for students in grades 9, 11, and 12. Overall, black and Hispanic students (5.7% and 4.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (2.5%) to have been injured in a physical fight. Black female students (4.4%) were significantly more likely than white female students (1.2%) to have been injured in a physical fight, and black and Hispanic male students (7.1% and 6.2%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white male students (3.4%) to report this behavior. Across the state surveys, the prevalence rates of injurious physical fighting ranged from 2.4% to 8.9% (median: 3.6%) (Table_7). Across the local surveys, the prevalence rates ranged from 2.9% to 8.7% (median: 5.0%). Nationwide, an estimated 115.1 incidents of physical fighting had occurred per 100 students on greater than or equal to 1 days during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_6). Overall, male students (153.1 per 100 students) were significantly more likely than female students (69.4 per 100 students) to have been in a physical fight. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Incidence rates were significantly higher for female students in grades 9 and 10 (103.1 and 81.6 per 100 students, respectively) than for female students in grade 12 (40.6 per 100 students). Incidence rates were significantly higher for male students in grade 9 (200.2 per 100 students) than for male students in grade 11 (126.1 per 100 students). State incidence rates ranged from 89.8 per 100 students to 213.0 per 100 students (median: 108.9 per 100 students), and local incidence rates ranged from 90.1 to 157.5 (median: 126.5) (Table_7). School-Related Violence Nationwide, 4.0% of students had missed greater than or equal to 1 days of school during the 30 days preceding the survey because they had felt unsafe at school or when traveling to or from school (Table_8). Overall, Hispanic and black students (7.2% and 6.8%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (2.4%) to have felt unsafe. Hispanic and black male (6.8% and 7.5%, respectively) and female (7.7% and 6.1%, respectively) students were significantly more likely than white male and female students (2.3% and 2.5%, respectively) to have missed school because they felt unsafe. Male and female students in grade 9 (5.2% and 5.8%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male and female students in grade 12 (2.3% and 3.0%, respectively) to have missed school for this reason. A nearly fivefold difference was observed in prevalence rates across the state surveys, which ranged from 2.7% to 13.1% (median: 4.8%) (Table_9). The prevalence rates across the local surveys ranged from 5.7% to 13.9% (median: 9.0%). The prevalence of weapon carrying on school property on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey was 8.5% nationwide (Table_8). Overall, male students (12.5%) were significantly more likely than female students (3.7%) to have carried a weapon on school property. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and all grade subgroups. Black female students (7.8%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white female students (4.3% and 2.1%, respectively) to have carried a weapon on school property. State prevalence rates varied nearly threefold from 5.4% to 15.2% (median: 8.5%), and local prevalence rates varied nearly threefold from 5.8% to 16.5% (median: 9.3%) (Table_9). Nationwide, the prevalence of students who had been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey was 7.4%. Overall, male students (10.2%) were significantly more likely than female students (4.0%) to have been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and students in grades 9, 11, and 12. Overall, black and Hispanic students (9.9% and 9.0%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (6.2%) to have been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property. Black and Hispanic male students (14.0% and 12.7%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white male students (8.2%) to have experienced this. Female students in grade 9 (6.1%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (2.3% and 2.5%, respectively) to have been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property, and female students in grade 10 (5.2%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (2.5%) to have experienced this. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 5.2% to 9.6% (median: 7.5%) (Table_9). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 7.5% to 13.3% (median: 9.4%). Nationwide, 14.8% of students had been in a physical fight on school property one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_8). Overall, male students (20.0%) were significantly more likely than female students (8.6%) to have been in a physical fight on school property. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and all grade subgroups. Overall, black and Hispanic students (20.7% and 19.0%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (13.3%) to have been in a physical fight on school property. Black and Hispanic female students (17.0% and 12.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white female students (5.9%) to report this behavior. Female students in grades 9 and 10 (12.4% and 11.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (4.9%) to have been in a physical fight on school property, and female students in grade 9 (12.4%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 11 (6.2%) to report this behavior. Male students in grades 9 and 10 (29.3% and 21.6%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 12 (13.1%) to have been in a physical fight on school property, and male students in grade 9 (29.3%) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 11 (17.8%) to report this behavior. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 11.3% to 33.6% (median: 13.5%) (Table_9). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 11.2% to 26.7% (median: 16.3%). Approximately one third (32.9%) of students nationwide had had property (e.g., a car, clothing, or books) stolen or deliberately damaged on school property one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_8). Overall, male students (36.1%) were significantly more likely than female students (29.0%) to have had property stolen or damaged on school property. This significant difference was identified for students in grade 10. Male students in grades 9 and 10 (39.8% and 39.7%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 12 (30.0%) to have experienced this. State prevalence rates ranged from 25.3% to 50.2% (median: 31.7%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 23.6% to 41.4% (median: 33.7%) (Table_9). Suicide Ideation and Attempts Nationwide, 20.5% of students had seriously considered attempting suicide during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_10). Overall, female students (27.1%) were significantly more likely than male students (15.1%) to have considered attempting suicide. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic students (23.1%) were significantly more likely than black students (16.4%) to have considered attempting suicide. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Prevalence rates ranged from 16.3% to 29.7% (median: 22.9%) across the state surveys and from 15.5% to 23.2% (median: 18.3%) across the local surveys (Table_11). More serious suicide ideation was observed among the 15.7% of students nationwide who, during the 12 months preceding the survey, had made a specific plan to attempt suicide (Table_10). Overall, female students (20.0%) were significantly more likely than male students (12.2%) to have made a suicide plan. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and for students in grades 10 and 11. Overall, Hispanic students (19.6%) were significantly more likely than white and black students (14.3% and 12.5%, respectively) to have made a suicide plan. Hispanic female students (23.9%) were significantly more likely than black female students (16.0%) to have made a suicide plan. Hispanic male students (16.0%) were significantly more likely than white and black male students (11.0% and 8.8%, respectively) to report this behavior. Female students in grade 10 (24.2%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (15.3%) to have made a suicide plan. Prevalence rates across the state surveys ranged from 14.0% to 28.6% (median: 17.6%) (Table_11). Prevalence rates across the local surveys ranged from 11.0% to 21.1% (median: 14.4%). Nationwide, 7.7% of students had attempted suicide one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_10). Overall, female students (11.6%) were significantly more likely than male students (4.5%) to have attempted suicide. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and students in grades 9-11. Overall, Hispanic students (10.7%) were significantly more likely than white students (6.3%) to have attempted suicide. Hispanic male students (7.2%) were significantly more likely than white male students (3.2%) to report this behavior. Female students in grades 9 and 10 (15.1% and 14.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (6.2%) to have attempted suicide. The percentage of students attempting suicide ranged from 7.8% to 22.0% (median: 9.1%) across the state surveys and from 7.5% to 12.6% (median: 10.2%) across the local surveys (Table_11). Nationwide, 2.6% of students reported having made a suicide attempt during the 12 months preceding the survey that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had been treated by a doctor or nurse (Table_10). Female students in grade 9 (5.0%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (2.0%) to have made a suicide attempt that required medical attention. The prevalence of injurious suicide attempts varied sixfold from 1.3% to 7.8% (median: 3.0%) across the state surveys and varied nearly twofold from 2.5% to 4.6% (median: 3.4%) across the local surveys (Table_11). Tobacco Use Cigarette Use Nationwide, 70.2% of students had ever tried cigarette smoking (even one or two puffs) (Table_12). Hispanic male students (76.9%) were significantly more likely than white male students (70.4%) to have ever tried cigarette smoking. State prevalence rates ranged from 38.1% to 79.1% (median: 72.0%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 59.2% to 71.4% (median: 68.2%) (Table_13). More than one third of students (36.4%) nationwide had smoked cigarettes on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey (i.e., current cigarette use) (Table_12). Black male students (28.2%) were significantly more likely than black female students (17.4%) to report current cigarette use. Overall, white students (39.7%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black students (34.0% and 22.7%, respectively) to report current cigarette use, and Hispanic students (34.0%) were significantly more likely than black students (22.7%) to report this behavior. White female students (39.9%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black female students (32.3% and 17.4%, respectively) to report current cigarette use, and Hispanic female students (32.3%) were significantly more likely than black female students (17.4%) to do so. White male students (39.6%) were significantly more likely than black male students (28.2%) to report current cigarette use. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates varied more than sevenfold from 6.3% to 47.0% (median: 36.5%) (Table_13). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 19.0% to 29.4% (median: 24.2%). Nationwide, 16.7% of students had smoked cigarettes on greater than or equal to 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey (i.e., frequent cigarette use) (Table_12). Black male students (10.1%) were significantly more likely than black female students (4.3%) to report frequent cigarette use. Overall, white students (19.9%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black students (10.9% and 7.1%, respectively) to have done so. White female students (20.1%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black female students (8.1% and 4.3%, respectively) to report frequent cigarette use, and white male students (19.8%) were significantly more likely than black male students (10.1%) to report this behavior. Female students in grade 12 (19.0%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 9 (11.6%) to report frequent cigarette use. State prevalence rates ranged from 0.3% to 27.6% (median: 19.1%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 5.8% to 13.7% (median: 7.9%) (Table_13). Smokeless Tobacco Use Nationwide, 9.3% of students had used smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco or snuff) on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_12). Overall, male students (15.8%) were significantly more likely than female students (1.5%) to have used smokeless tobacco. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and for all grade subgroups. Overall, white students (12.2%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black students (5.1% and 2.2%, respectively) to have used smokeless tobacco. White male students (20.6%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black male students (8.3% and 3.2%, respectively) to have used smokeless tobacco, and Hispanic male students (8.3%) were significantly more likely than black male students (3.2%) to report this behavior. State prevalence rates ranged from 0.5% to 22.5% (median: 7.9%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 0.9% to 4.6% (median: 2.4%) (Table_13). Access to Cigarettes Data about access to cigarettes are reported only for those students less than 18 years of age who reported current cigarette use. Nationwide, 29.8% of these students had purchased their cigarettes in a store or gas station during the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_14). Male students in grade 9 (23.7%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 9 (10.8%) to have purchased cigarettes in a store or gas station. For both male and female students, the percentage of students who purchased cigarettes in a store or gas station significantly increased as grade level increased. State prevalence rates varied more than threefold from 10.5% to 36.6% (median: 22.6%), and local prevalence rates varied nearly threefold from 17.6% to 51.4% (median: 30.0%) (Table_15). Nationwide, 66.7% of students who purchased cigarettes in a store or gas station had not been asked to show proof of age (Table_14). Male students in grade 9 who purchased cigarettes in a store or gas station (83.0%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 11 and 12 (54.6% and 50.8%, respectively) not to have been asked to show proof of age. State prevalence rates ranged from 52.4% to 76.3% (median: 63.7%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 55.1% to 80.4% (median: 67.6%) (Table_15). Alcohol and Other Drug Use Alcohol Use Nationwide, 79.1% of students had had at least one drink of alcohol during their lifetime (Table_16). Overall, Hispanic and white students (83.1% and 81.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (73.0%) to have had at least one drink of alcohol during their lifetime. Hispanic female students (82.1%) were significantly more likely than black female students (73.8%) to have had at least one drink of alcohol, and Hispanic and white male students (83.9% and 82.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black male students (72.2%) to report this behavior. Female students in grade 12 (82.3%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 9 (73.6%) to have had at least one drink of alcohol. Male students in grade 12 (85.3%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 9 and 10 (70.5% and 77.9%, respectively) to have had at least one drink of alcohol, and male students in grade 11 (83.4%) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 9 (70.5%) to have done so. The prevalence of lifetime alcohol use across the state surveys ranged from 41.3% to 84.3% (median: 78.2%) (Table_17). The prevalence rates across the local surveys ranged from 59.2% to 78.2% (median: 72.5%). Nationwide, half (50.8%) of all students had had at least one drink of alcohol on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey (i.e., current alcohol use) (Table_16). Male students in grade 11 (57.8%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 11 (47.8%) to report current alcohol use. Overall, white and Hispanic students (54.0% and 53.9%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (36.9%) to report current alcohol use. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Male students in grades 11 and 12 (57.8% and 60.2%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 9 and 10 (44.7% and 48.7%, respectively) to report this behavior. State prevalence rates ranged from 24.3% to 61.1% (median: 50.5%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 27.5% to 48.7% (median: 40.0%) (Table_17). One third (33.4%) of all students nationwide had had five or more drinks of alcohol on greater than or equal to 1 occasions during the 30 days preceding the survey (i.e., episodic heavy drinking) (Table_16). Overall, male students (37.3%) were significantly more likely than female students (28.6%) to report episodic heavy drinking. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and for grade 11. Overall, white and Hispanic students (37.7% and 34.9%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (16.1%) to report episodic heavy drinking. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Male students in grades 11 and 12 (45.2% and 44.0%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 9 and 10 (25.5% and 32.7%, respectively) to report this behavior. Prevalence rates across the state surveys varied more than fourfold from 10.7% to 45.2% (median: 31.2%) and across the local surveys from 12.6% to 27.1% (median: 19.8%) (Table_17). Marijuana Use Nationwide, 47.1% of students had used marijuana during their lifetime (Table_16). Overall, male students (50.7%) were significantly more likely than female students (42.9%) to have ever used marijuana. This significant difference was identified for black students and students in grade 11. Black male students (59.3%) were significantly more likely than white male students (48.3%) to have ever used marijuana. Male students in grades 11 and 12 (55.6% and 56.1%, respectively) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 9 (41.3%) to report this behavior. Lifetime marijuana use varied twofold from 24.8% to 51.9% (median: 45.3%) across the state surveys and ranged from 31.2% to 51.5% (median: 44.7%) across the local surveys (Table_17). One fourth (26.2%) of all students had used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey (i.e., current marijuana use) (Table_16). Overall, male students (30.2%) were significantly more likely than female students (21.4%) to report current marijuana use. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and for grade 11. Current marijuana use varied nearly threefold from 12.3% to 35.3% (median: 25.3%) across the state surveys and ranged from 15.7% to 29.3% (median: 23.6%) across the local surveys (Table_17). Cocaine Use Nationwide, 8.2% of students had used some form of cocaine (e.g., powder, "crack," ****** or "freebase" *******) during their lifetime (Table_18). Overall, Hispanic students (14.4%) were significantly more likely than white and black students (8.0% and 1.9%, respectively) to have ever used cocaine, and white students (8.0%) were significantly more likely than black students (1.9%) to have done so. Hispanic and white female students (12.5% and 7.5%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black female students (1.0%) to have ever used cocaine. Hispanic male students (16.1%) were significantly more likely than white and black male students (8.5% and 2.9%, respectively) to have ever used cocaine, and white male students (8.5%) were significantly more likely than black male students (2.9%) to have ever done so. Lifetime cocaine use ranged from 0.5% to 12.8% (median: 7.0%) across the state surveys and from 1.1% to 12.3% (median: 3.7%) across the local surveys (Table_19). Nationwide, 3.3% of students had used some form of cocaine at least once during the 30 days preceding the survey (i.e., current cocaine use) (Table_18). Overall, male students (4.0%) were significantly more likely than female students (2.4%) to report current cocaine use. This significant difference was identified for students in grade 10. Overall, Hispanic students (6.2%) were significantly more likely than white and black students (3.1% and 0.7%, respectively) to report current cocaine use, and white students (3.1%) were significantly more likely than black students (0.7%) to do so. These significant differences were identified for male students. Among female students, Hispanic and white students (5.3% and 2.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (0.2%) to report current cocaine use. Current cocaine use ranged from 0.2% to 5.8% (median: 3.5%) across the state surveys and from 0.6% to 4.4% (median: 1.8%) across the local surveys (Table_19). Nationwide, 4.7% of students had used "crack" or "freebase" forms of cocaine during their lifetime (Table_18). Overall, Hispanic students (8.0%) were significantly more likely than white and black students (4.5% and 1.2%, respectively) to have ever used "crack" or "freebase," and white students (4.5%) were significantly more likely than black students (1.2%) to have done so. These significant differences were identified for male students. Among female students, Hispanic and white students (7.7% and 4.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (0.9%) to have ever used "crack" or "freebase." Lifetime "crack" or "freebase" use ranged from 0.4% to 8.4% (median: 4.6%) across the state surveys and from 0.9% to 8.1% (median: 2.7%) across the local surveys (Table_19). Steroid Use Nationwide, 3.1% of students had used illegal steroids (i.e., without a doctor's prescription) during their lifetime (Table_20). Overall, male students (4.1%) were significantly more likely than female students (2.0%) to have ever used illegal steroids. This significant difference was identified for white and black students and students in grade 11. Overall, Hispanic and white students (3.4% and 3.1%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (1.5%) to have ever used illegal steroids. Among female students, Hispanic students (2.8%) were significantly more likely than black students (0.7%) to have ever used illegal steroids. Lifetime illegal steroid use ranged from 0.5% to 6.7% (median: 4.2%) across the state surveys and from 1.8% to 4.6% (median: 3.4%) across the local surveys (Table_21). Injecting-Drug Use Nationwide, 2.1% of students had injected illegal drugs during their lifetime ******** (Table_20). State prevalence rates ranged from 0.3% to 4.2% (median: 2.5%) across the state surveys and from 0.8% to 3.5% (median: 2.0%) across the local surveys (Table_21). Other Illegal Drug Use Nationwide, 17.0% of students had used other illegal drugs during their lifetime (e.g., LSD {lysergic acid diethylamide}, PCP {phencyclidine}, "ecstasy" {methylenedioxymethamphetamine}, mushrooms, "speed" {a stimulant, especially an amphetamine}, "ice" {methamphetamine}, or heroin) (Table_20). Overall, white and Hispanic students (19.1% and 17.5%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (3.4%) to have ever used other illegal drugs. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 0.9% to 26.4% (median: 16.4%) (Table_21). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 2.6% to 15.9% (median: 7.6%). Inhalant Use Nationwide, 16.0% of students had sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled paint sprays to become intoxicated during their lifetime (i.e., inhalant use) (Table_20). Overall, male students (17.6%) were significantly more likely than female students (14.1%) to report inhalant use. This significant difference was identified for white students and students in grades 11 and 12. Overall, white and Hispanic students (18.0% and 17.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (6.6%) to report inhalant use. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. White male students (20.0%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic male students (17.7%) to report this behavior. Female students in grade 9 (19.9%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (11.2% and 9.5%, respectively) to report this behavior. State prevalence rates varied nearly fourfold from 7.4% to 28.4% (median: 18.3%), and local prevalence rates varied nearly threefold from 6.2% to 17.7% (median: 12.1%) (Table_21). Initiation of Risk Behaviors Cigarette Smoking Nationwide, one fourth (24.8%) of students had smoked a whole cigarette before 13 years of age (Table_22). Overall, male students (28.0%) were significantly more likely than female students (20.9%) to have smoked a whole cigarette before 13 years of age. This significant difference was identified for students in grade 11. Overall, white and Hispanic students (25.6% and 24.9%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (17.4%) to have smoked a whole cigarette before 13 years of age. White male students (28.5%) were significantly more likely than black male students (19.5%) to have done so. Female students in grades 9 and 10 (28.8% and 23.8%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (17.1% and 14.6%, respectively) to have smoked a whole cigarette before 13 years of age. Male students in grade 10 (30.5%) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 12 (21.8%) to have done so. State prevalence rates varied threefold from 12.0% to 37.9% (median: 25.6%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 14.2% to 23.5% (median: 18.0%) (Table_23). Alcohol Use Nationwide, nearly one third (31.1%) of students had first drunk alcohol (more than a few sips) before 13 years of age (Table_22). Overall, male students (35.7%) were significantly more likely than female students (25.7%) to have drunk alcohol before 13 years of age. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups except for grade 9. Overall, Hispanic students (37.9%) were significantly more likely than white students (28.8%) to have drunk alcohol before 13 years of age. This significant difference was identified for male students. Female students in grade 9 (38.6%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 10-12 (27.5%, 23.3%, and 15.1%, respectively) to have drunk alcohol before 13 years of age, and female students in grades 10 and 11 (27.5% and 23.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (15.1%) to have done so. Male students in grade 9 (44.9%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 11 and 12 (35.4% and 28.8%, respectively) to have drunk alcohol before 13 years of age. State prevalence rates varied more than twofold from 17.2% to 41.5% (median: 31.5%), and local prevalence rates ranged from 26.3% to 38.4% (median: 33.0%) (Table_23). Marijuana Use Approximately one in ten students (9.7%) nationwide had tried marijuana before 13 years of age (Table_22). Overall, male students (12.2%) were significantly more likely than female students (6.7%) to have tried marijuana before 13 years of age. This significant difference was identified for black and Hispanic students and students in grades 11 and 12. Overall, Hispanic students (13.2%) were significantly more likely than white students (7.5%) to have tried marijuana before 13 years of age. Among males, Hispanic and black students (17.2% and 15.6%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (9.0%) to have done so. Female students in grade 9 (10.6%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (4.6% and 3.6%, respectively) to have tried marijuana before 13 years of age, and male students in grade 9 (18.9%) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 12 (7.6%) to have done so. State prevalence rates varied fourfold from 4.8% to 19.3% (median: 10.0%), and local prevalence rates varied more than twofold from 6.2% to 14.7% (median: 10.5%) (Table_23). Cocaine Use Nationwide, 1.1% of students had tried cocaine (including powder, "crack," or "freebase" forms of cocaine) before 13 years of age (Table_22). Overall, Hispanic students (1.4%) were significantly more likely than black students (0.4%) to have tried cocaine before 13 years of age. This significant difference was identified for female students. State prevalence rates varied more than threefold from 0.8% to 2.6% (median: 1.5%), and local prevalence rates varied more than sixfold from 0.4% to 2.7% (median: 1.3%) (Table_23). Tobacco, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use on School Property Nationwide, 14.6% of students had smoked cigarettes on school property on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_24). Black and Hispanic male students (12.4% and 15.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black and Hispanic female students (5.5% and 7.7%, respectively) to have smoked cigarettes on school property. Overall, white students (15.8%) were significantly more likely than black students (8.8%) to have smoked cigarettes on school property. White female students (14.9%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black female students (7.7% and 5.5%, respectively) to have engaged in this behavior. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 0.7% to 25.3% (median: 17.0%) (Table_25). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 8.9% to 18.8% (median: 10.7%). Smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco or snuff) use on school property on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey was reported by 5.1% of students nationwide (Table_24). Overall, male students (9.0%) were significantly more likely than female students (0.4%) to have used smokeless tobacco on school property. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and for all grade subgroups. Overall, white students (6.5%) were significantly more likely than black students (1.4%) to have used smokeless tobacco on school property. This significant difference was identified for male students. An eightfold variation was observed across the state surveys, with prevalence rates ranging from 1.9% to 15.2% (median: 5.0%) (Table_25). A nearly fivefold variation was observed across the local surveys, with prevalence rates ranging from 0.6% to 2.9% (median: 1.6%). Nationwide, 5.6% of students had had at least one drink of alcohol on school property on greater than or equal to 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_24). Overall, male students (7.2%) were significantly more likely than female students (3.6%) to have drunk alcohol on school property. This significant difference was identified for white students and students in grade 12. Overall, Hispanic students (8.2%) were significantly more likely than white students (4.8%) to have drunk alcohol on school property. This significant difference was identified for female students. Female students in grade 9 (5.3%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (2.2%) to have engaged in this behavior. Prevalence rates across the state surveys varied more than fourfold from 2.9% to 12.9% (median: 6.2%), and prevalence rates across the local surveys varied more than twofold from 5.1% to 12.1% (median: 7.7%) (Table_25). Nationwide, 7.0% of students had used marijuana on school property one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_24). Overall, male students (9.0%) were significantly more likely than female students (4.6%) to have used marijuana on school property. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and students in grades 10 and 12. Overall, Hispanic students (10.4%) were significantly more likely than white students (5.8%) to have used marijuana on school property. Hispanic and black male students (14.1% and 13.0%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white male students (7.3%) to have used marijuana on school property. Female students in grade 9 (6.5%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (2.6%) to have done so. Prevalence rates across the state surveys varied threefold from 4.0% to 12.6% (median: 7.7%), and prevalence rates across the local surveys varied more than twofold from 5.9% to 13.6% (median: 9.6%) (Table_25). Nearly one third (31.7%) of students had been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_24). Overall, male students (37.4%) were significantly more likely than female students (24.7%) to have been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and students in grades 10-12. Overall, Hispanic students (41.1%) were significantly more likely than white and black students (31.0% and 25.4%, respectively) to have been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. White female students (24.5%) were significantly more likely than black female students (16.7%) to have been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property. Prevalence rates across the state surveys varied more than twofold from 15.2% to 42.2% (median: 30.1%), and prevalence rates across the local surveys varied more than twofold from 18.4% to 46.1% (median: 28.4%) (Table_25). Sexual Behaviors That Contribute to Unintended Pregnancy and STDs, Including HIV Infection Sexual Intercourse Nationwide, nearly half (48.4%) of all students had had sexual intercourse during their lifetime (Table_26). Black and Hispanic male students (80.3% and 57.7%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black and Hispanic female students (65.6% and 45.7%, respectively) to have had sexual intercourse. Overall, black students (72.7%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white students (52.2% and 43.6%) to have had sexual intercourse, and Hispanic students (52.2%) were significantly more likely than white students (43.6%) to have done so. These significant differences were identified for male students. Black female students (65.6%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white female students (45.7% and 44.0%, respectively) to have had sexual intercourse. Among male and female students, students in grade 12 were significantly more likely than students in grades 9 and 10 to have had sexual intercourse. Prevalence rates ranged from 37.2% to 69.5% (median: 47.8%) across the state surveys and from 40.0% to 74.2% (median: 56.5%) across the local surveys (Table_27). The percentage of students nationwide who had initiated sexual intercourse before 13 years of age was 7.2% (Table_26). Overall, male students (9.4%) were significantly more likely than female students (4.5%) to have initiated sexual intercourse before 13 years of age. This significant difference was identified for black and Hispanic students and students in grades 9-11. Overall, black students (21.7%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white students (7.7% and 4.0%, respectively) to have initiated sexual intercourse before 13 years of age, and Hispanic students (7.7%) were significantly more likely than white students (4.0%) to have done so. These significant differences were identified for male students. Black female students (11.0%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white female students (3.4% and 3.2%, respectively) to have initiated sexual intercourse before 13 years of age. Female students in grade 9 (6.5%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (2.9%) to have initiated sexual intercourse before 13 years of age, and male students in grade 9 (14.7%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 11 and 12 (8.2% and 6.0%, respectively) to have done so. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates varied sixfold from 3.8% to 22.6% (median: 7.1%) (Table_27). Across the local surveys, the prevalence rates varied more than fivefold from 4.6% to 24.0% (median: 14.3%). The percentage of students nationwide who had had sexual intercourse during their lifetime with four or more sex partners was 16.0% (Table_26). Black and Hispanic male students and male students in grade 9 were significantly more likely than female students in the same race/ethnicity and grade subgroups to have had four or more sex partners during their lifetime. Overall, black students (38.5%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white students (15.5% and 11.6%, respectively) to have had four or more sex partners. Black female students (25.4%) were significantly more likely than white and Hispanic students (12.1% and 10.2%, respectively) to have had four or more sex partners. Black male students (52.8%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white male students (20.1% and 11.3%, respectively) to have had four or more sex partners, and Hispanic male students (20.1%) were significantly more likely than white male students (11.3%) to have done so. Female students in grades 11 and 12 (15.8% and 20.6%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 9 (7.9%) to have had four or more sex partners, and female students in grade 12 (20.6%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 10 (11.7%) to have done so. Prevalence rates across the state surveys varied more than threefold from 9.1% to 31.4% (median: 13.7%) (Table_27). Prevalence rates across the local surveys varied more than fourfold from 8.8% to 38.2% (median: 21.7%). More than one third (34.8%) of students nationwide had had sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey (i.e., currently sexually active) (Table_26). Black male students (60.5%) were significantly more likely than black female students (47.3%) to be currently sexually active. Overall, black students (53.6%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white students (35.4% and 32.0%, respectively) to be currently sexually active. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Female students in grades 10-12 (31.2%, 41.5%, and 49.5%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 9 (22.4%) to be currently sexually active, and female students in grade 12 (49.5%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 10 (31.2%) to be so. Male students in grade 12 (43.1%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 9 and 10 (25.9% and 27.6%, respectively) to be currently sexually active. Prevalence rates across state surveys ranged from 21.4% to 52.1% (median: 33.0%) (Table_27). Prevalence rates across the local surveys ranged from 19.7% to 59.0% (median: 39.3%). Among students who had had sexual intercourse during their lifetime, more than one fourth (27.8%) had been abstinent during the 3 months preceding the survey (i.e., currently abstinent) (Table_26). Overall, male students (31.5%) were significantly more likely than female students (23.4%) to report current abstinence. This significant difference was identified for white students and students in grade 11. Black female students (27.9%) were significantly more likely than white female students (20.2%) to report current abstinence, and Hispanic male students (35.2%) were significantly more likely than black male students (24.6%) to do so. Female students in grade 9 (33.3%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (17.5% and 20.0%, respectively) to report current abstinence. Prevalence rates across the state surveys ranged from 22.9% to 42.5% (median: 29.2%) and across the local surveys from 20.4% to 36.2% (median: 29.5%) (Table_27). Condom Use Nationwide, among currently sexually active students, 56.8% reported that either they or their partner had used a condom during last sexual intercourse (Table_28). Overall, male students (62.5%) were significantly more likely than female students (50.8%) to report condom use. This significant difference was identified for white and black students and students in grade 12. Overall, black students (64.0%) were significantly more likely than white and Hispanic students (55.8% and 48.3%, respectively) to report condom use. Black female students (58.9%) were significantly more likely than white and Hispanic female students (49.2% and 40.0%, respectively) to report condom use, and black male students (68.4%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic male students (54.7%) to do so. Female students in grades 9 and 11 (58.3% and 55.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (43.0%) to report condom use. Prevalence rates across the state surveys ranged from 30.4% to 68.1% (median: 57.2%) and across the local surveys from 50.1% to 73.5% (median: 64.0%) (Table_29). Birth Control Pill Use Nationwide, among currently sexually active students, 16.6% reported that either they or their partner had used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse (Table_28). Overall, female students (20.5%) were significantly more likely than male students (13.0%) to report birth control pill use. This significant difference was identified for students in grades 10 and 12. Overall, white students (20.6%) were significantly more likely than black and Hispanic students (11.9% and 9.5%, respectively) to report birth control pill use. White female students (24.7%) were significantly more likely than black female students (14.7%) to report birth control pill use. White male students (16.7%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic male students (6.9%) to report birth control pill use. Among both male and female students, students in grade 12 were significantly more likely than students in grades 9 and 10 to report birth control pill use. Prevalence rates varied nearly sevenfold from 4.4% to 29.8% (median: 18.3%) across the state surveys and more than twofold from 6.5% to 14.9% (median: 9.1%) across the local surveys (Table_29). Alcohol or Drug Use at Last Sexual Intercourse Nationwide, among students who were currently sexually active, one fourth (24.7%) had used alcohol or drugs at last sexual intercourse (Table_28). Overall, male students (30.5%) were significantly more likely than female students (18.5%) to report this behavior. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic subgroups and for grades 10-12. Overall, white students (26.0%) were significantly more likely than black students (18.1%) to have used alcohol or drugs at last sexual intercourse. This significant difference was identified for male and female students. Prevalence rates ranged from 10.9% to 36.1% (median: 26.6%) across the state surveys and from 15.5% to 28.4% (median: 20.0%) across the local surveys (Table_29). Pregnancy Nationwide, 6.5% of students reported that they had been pregnant or had gotten someone else pregnant. Overall, female students (8.5%) were significantly more likely to have been pregnant than male students (4.7%) were to have gotten someone else pregnant. This significant difference was identified for white students and students in grade 12. Overall, black students (14.9%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and white students (7.1% and 4.5%, respectively) to have been pregnant or to have gotten someone else pregnant. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Hispanic male students (6.3%) were significantly more likely than white male students (3.0%) to have gotten someone else pregnant. Female students in grade 12 (11.1%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 9 (5.1%) to have been pregnant. Prevalence rates ranged from 3.5% to 12.1% (median: 5.7%) across the state surveys and from 4.6% to 19.5% (median: 10.2%) across the local surveys (Table_29). HIV Education Nationwide, 91.5% of students had been taught about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or HIV infection in school (Table_30). Overall, white students (93.3%) were significantly more likely than black and Hispanic students (89.7% and 85.9%, respectively) to have received HIV education in school. White female students (92.8%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic female students (85.1%) to have received HIV education in school, and white male students (93.6%) were significantly more likely than black and Hispanic male students (89.1% and 86.6%, respectively) to report this. Prevalence rates ranged from 79.9% to 96.5% (median: 91.6%) across the state surveys and from 82.7% to 93.8% (median: 88.6%) across the local surveys (Table_31). Nationwide, 62.8% of students had talked about AIDS or HIV infection with parents or other adult family members (Table_30). Overall, female students (67.4%) were significantly more likely than male students (59.1%) to report having done so. This significant difference was identified for students in grades 11 and 12. Overall, black students (72.7%) were significantly more likely than white and Hispanic students (62.0% and 60.5%, respectively) to have talked with parents or other adult family members about AIDS or HIV infection. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 49.6% to 69.8% (median: 62.1%) (Table_31). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 53.1% to 75.7% (median: 66.2%). Dietary Behaviors Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables Nationwide, 29.3% of students had eaten five or more servings of fruits and vegetables ********* during the day preceding the survey (Table_32). Overall, male students (32.1%) were significantly more likely than female students (25.7%) to report this behavior. This significant difference was identified for black students and students in grade 11. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 18.7% to 41.6% (median: 28.5%) (Table_33). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 20.4% to 34.1% (median: 28.8%). Consumption of Foods Typically High in Fat Content Nationwide, 62.3% of students had eaten two or fewer servings of foods typically high in fat content ********** during the day preceding the survey (Table_32). Overall, female students (70.6%) were significantly more likely than male students (55.5%) to have eaten two or fewer servings of such foods. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic and white students (63.8% and 62.9%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (54.9%) to have eaten two or fewer servings of foods typically high in fat content. White female students (73.0%) were significantly more likely than black female students (62.5%) to report this behavior, and Hispanic male students (60.0%) were significantly more likely than black male students (47.0%) to do so. Female students in grade 12 (77.1%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 9 (65.2%) to have eaten two or fewer servings of foods typically high in fat content. Male students in grade 12 (58.9%) were significantly more likely than male students in grade 10 (51.6%) to have eaten two or fewer servings of foods typically high in fat content. Male students in grade 11 (60.7%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 9 and 10 (49.7% and 51.6%, respectively) to have done so. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 46.5% to 81.3% (median: 61.6%) (Table_33). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 48.6% to 72.3% (median: 59.8%). Perceived Overweight More than one fourth (27.3%) of students nationwide thought they were overweight (Table_32). Overall, female students (33.5%) were significantly more likely than male students (22.2%) to consider themselves overweight. This significant difference was identified for white and black students and students in grades 9, 10, and 12. Overall, Hispanic students (30.4%) were significantly more likely than black students (23.5%) to consider themselves overweight. Among male students, Hispanic and white students (27.4% and 21.9%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (14.8%) to consider themselves overweight. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 21.1% to 33.5% (median: 28.6%) (Table_33). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 21.2% to 30.3% (median: 24.1%). Attempted Weight Control Nationwide, 39.7% of students were trying to lose weight during the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_34). Overall, female students (59.7%) were significantly more likely than male students (23.1%) to be trying to lose weight. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic students (45.7%) were significantly more likely than black students (35.7%) to be trying to lose weight. White and Hispanic female students (62.2% and 61.1%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black female students (50.7%) to be trying to lose weight, and Hispanic male students (32.7%) were significantly more likely than white and black male students (22.0% and 20.0%, respectively) to report this. Prevalence rates ranged from 31.1% to 51.0% (median: 42.4%) across the state surveys and from 33.0% to 46.1% (median: 38.0%) across the local surveys (Table_35). The percentage of students nationwide who had taken laxatives or had vomited either to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days preceding the survey was 4.5% (Table_34). Overall, female students (7.5%) were significantly more likely than male students (2.1%) to have taken laxatives or to have vomited to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and for all grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic students (6.5%) were significantly more likely than white students (4.2%) to have taken laxatives or to have vomited to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. Hispanic female students (10.4%) were significantly more likely than black female students (6.3%) to have taken laxatives or to have vomited to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight, and black male students (4.0%) were significantly more likely than white male students (1.6%) to have done so. Prevalence rates ranged from 3.1% to 9.8% (median: 6.1%) across the state surveys and from 3.6% to 8.3% (median: 5.2%) across the local surveys (Table_35). Nationwide, 4.9% of students had taken diet pills either to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_34). Overall, female students (8.0%) were significantly more likely than male students (2.4%) to have taken diet pills to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. This significant difference was identified for white and Hispanic students and all grade subgroups. Prevalence rates ranged from 2.8% to 9.5% (median: 7.1%) across the state surveys and from 2.2% to 7.0% (median: 4.6%) across the local surveys (Table_35). Nearly one third (30.4%) of students had dieted either to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_34). Overall, female students (45.7%) were significantly more likely than male students (17.6%) to have dieted to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic and white students (33.4% and 30.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (25.0%) to have dieted to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. White and Hispanic female students (47.9% and 46.3%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (33.8%) to have dieted to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight, and Hispanic male students (22.6%) were significantly more likely than white and black male students (16.6% and 15.6%, respectively) to have done so. Prevalence rates ranged from 21.1% to 44.0% (median: 31.1%) across the state surveys and from 22.3% to 35.8% (27.4%) across the local surveys (Table_35). Approximately half (51.5%) of students had exercised either to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days preceding the survey (Table_34). Overall, female students (65.4%) were significantly more likely than male students (39.9%) to have exercised to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic and white students (55.5% and 52.2%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black students (43.5%) to have exercised to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. White and Hispanic female students (69.7% and 64.5%, respectively) were significantly more likely than black female students (49.2%) to have exercised to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight, and Hispanic male students (47.9%) were significantly more likely than white and black male students (38.6% and 37.5%, respectively) to have done so. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 38.4% to 62.3% (median: 53.0%) (Table_35). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 42.4% to 54.9% (median: 48.5%). Physical Activity Vigorous and Moderate Physical Activity Nearly two thirds (63.8%) of students nationwide had participated in activities that made them sweat and breathe hard for at least 20 minutes on greater than or equal to 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey (i.e., vigorous physical activity) (Table_36). Overall, male students (72.3%) were significantly more likely than female students (53.5%) to have participated in vigorous physical activity. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, white students (66.8%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic and black students (60.4% and 53.9%, respectively) to have participated in vigorous physical activity, and Hispanic students (60.4%) were significantly more likely than black students (53.9%) to do so. Among both male and female students, white students were significantly more likely than black students to have participated in vigorous physical activity. Female students in grade 9 (66.1%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 10-12 (55.7%, 49.4%, and 43.6%, respectively) to have participated in vigorous physical activity, and female students in grade 10 (55.7%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (43.6%) to do so. Male students in grade 9 (78.7%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 11 and 12 (68.9% and 68.4%, respectively) to have participated in vigorous physical activity. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 50.6% to 71.2% (median: 61.2%) (Table_37). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 42.6% to 67.4% (median: 52.3%). One fifth (20.4%) of students nationwide had walked or bicycled for at least 30 minutes on greater than or equal to 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey (i.e., moderate physical activity) (Table_36). Overall, black and Hispanic students (28.3% and 26.7%, respectively) were significantly more likely than white students (16.8%) to have participated in moderate physical activity. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Among male and female students, students in grade 9 were significantly more likely than students in grades 11 and 12 to have participated in moderate physical activity, and students in grade 10 were significantly more likely than students in grade 12 to have done so. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 13.2% to 34.8% (median: 20.5%) (Table_37). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 24.2% to 44.2% (median: 32.5%). Stretching Exercises Nationwide, 51.3% of students had done stretching exercises (e.g., toe touching, knee bending, and leg stretching) on greater than or equal to 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey (Table_36). Black male students (54.0%) were significantly more likely than black female students (41.8%) to have participated in stretching exercises. White female students (53.4%) were significantly more likely than black female students (41.8%) to have participated in stretching exercises. Female students in grade 9 (59.8%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (46.9% and 41.0%, respectively) to have participated in stretching exercises, and female students in grade 10 (54.6%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (41.0%) to have done so. Across the state surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 34.8% to 58.8% (median: 48.6%) (Table_37). Across the local surveys, prevalence rates ranged from 36.1% to 58.6% (median: 44.1%). Strengthening Exercises Approximately half (51.4%) of students nationwide had done strengthening exercises (e.g., push-ups, sit-ups, and weightlifting) on greater than or equal to 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey (Table_36). Overall, male students (58.1%) were significantly more likely than female students (43.2%) to have participated in strengthening exercises. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, Hispanic students (53.3%) were significantly more likely than black students (46.7%) to have participated in strengthening exercises. White female students (46.1%) were significantly more likely than black female students (34.8%) to have participated in strengthening exercises. Female students in grades 9 and 10 (52.0% and 44.5%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (34.3%) to report this behavior. Prevalence rates ranged from 31.2% to 60.3% (median: 46.8%) across the state surveys and from 33.7% to 52.5% (median: 44.0%) across the local surveys (Table_37). Participation in Physical Education Class Nationwide, 48.8% of students were enrolled in a physical education (PE) class (Table_38). Black male students (53.7%) were significantly more likely than black female students (39.4%) to be enrolled in a PE class. Among both male and female students, students in grade 9 were significantly more likely than students in grades 11 and 12 to be enrolled in a PE class. The percentage of students enrolled in a PE class varied nearly threefold from 31.3% to 91.9% (median: 50.0%) across the state surveys and more than threefold from 26.8% to 90.2% (median: 58.1%) across the local surveys (Table_39). Nationwide, 27.4% of students attended PE class daily (Table_38). Overall, Hispanic students (38.4%) were significantly more likely than white students (23.8%) to attend PE class daily. This significant difference was identified for both male and female students. Female students in grades 9 and 10 (42.1% and 28.1%, respectively) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (15.5% and 13.9%, respectively) to attend PE class daily, and male students in grade 9 (43.0%) were significantly more likely than male students in grades 11 and 12 (22.5% and 23.2%, respectively) to do so. The percentage of students who attended PE class daily varied more than eightfold from 7.3% to 62.2% (median: 28.0%) across the state surveys and varied more than twelvefold from 6.6% to 80.7% (median: 31.4%) across the local surveys (Table_39). Nationwide, 73.9% of students enrolled in PE class reported exercising greater than or equal to 20 minutes during an average PE class. Overall, male students enrolled in PE class (78.5%) were significantly more likely than female students enrolled in PE class (67.5%) to report exercising greater than or equal to 20 minutes during an average PE class. This significant difference was identified for students in grade 11. The percentage of students enrolled in PE class who reported exercising greater than or equal to 20 minutes during an average PE class ranged from 41.9% to 85.4% (median: 73.9%) across the state surveys and from 44.6% to 79.0% (median: 66.1%) across the local surveys (Table_39). Participation on Sports Teams Half (49.5%) of students nationwide had played on sports teams run by their school during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_38). Overall, male students (55.5%) were significantly more likely than female students (42.3%) to have played on sports teams run by their school. This significant difference was identified for black and Hispanic students and students in grades 10-12. Overall, white students (54.6%) were significantly more likely than black and Hispanic students (44.3% and 40.2%, respectively) to have played on sports teams run by their school. This significant difference was identified for female students. Among male students, white and black students (58.7% and 56.4%, respectively) were significantly more likely than Hispanic students (46.9%) to have played on sports teams run by their school. Across the state surveys, the percentage of students who had played on sports teams run by their schools ranged from 27.2% to 60.3% (median: 46.4%) (Table_39). Across the local surveys, the percentage ranged from 31.4% to 42.2% (median: 38.0%). Nationwide, 38.3% of students had played on sports teams run by organizations unaffiliated with their school during the 12 months preceding the survey (Table_38). Overall, male students (45.4%) were significantly more likely than female students (29.8%) to have played on sports teams run by organizations unaffiliated with their school. This significant difference was identified for all racial/ethnic and grade subgroups. Overall, white students (41.4%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic students (32.9%) to have played on sports teams run by organizations unaffiliated with their school. White female students (34.7%) were significantly more likely than black and Hispanic female students (25.1% and 24.0%, respectively) to have played on sports teams run by organizations unaffiliated with their school, and black male students (51.8%) were significantly more likely than Hispanic male students (40.5%) to have done so. Female students in grade 9 (36.8%) were significantly more likely than female students in grades 11 and 12 (26.4% and 21.9%, respectively) to have played on sports teams run by organizations unaffiliated with their school, and female students in grade 10 (34.7%) were significantly more likely than female students in grade 12 (21.9%) to have done so. The percentage of students who played on sports teams run by organizations unaffiliated with their school ranged from 30.1% to 61.4% (median: 37.9%) across the state surveys and from 26.4% to 38.7% (median: 33.1%) across the local surveys (Table_39). DISCUSSION Many high school students continue to practice behaviors that place them at risk for serious health problems. Some risk behaviors are more likely to be found among particular subgroups of students. For example, male students were more likely than female students to report
In contrast, female students were more likely than male students to report
White students were more likely than black or Hispanic students to report
Black students were more likely than white or Hispanic students to report
Hispanic students were more likely than white or black students to report
Students in grades 9 and 10 were more likely than students in grades 11 and 12 to report
Students in grades 11 and 12 were more likely than students in grades 9 and 10 to report
for education and services based on a higher prevalence of risk behaviors. However, the underlying causes (e.g., education levels, economic factors, or cultural influences) for subgroup differences (7) could not be addressed in this analysis. Considerable variation occurs from state to state and from city to city for some priority health-risk behaviors. For example, across the state surveys, a fivefold variation or greater was identified for
Across the local surveys, a similar level of variation was found for
in state and local laws and policies, enforcement practices, access to illegal drugs, the availability of effective intervention programs, prevailing behavioral norms, and adult practices. The YRBSS continues to be used at the national, state, and local levels to improve health-related polices and programs for youth. For example, YRBS data are used to monitor 21 national health objectives (6) and National Education Goal 7, which focuses on safe, disciplined, and drug-free schools (8). In Massachusetts, YRBS data are being used to identify high-risk youth and target programs appropriately. In Nevada, YRBS data are being used by state and local agencies and organizations to support the need for increased funding of health programs for youth. In Wisconsin, YRBS data are being used to support the implementation of a statewide pregnancy prevention initiative. In Philadelphia, YRBS data are being used as the framework for health education teacher-training programs, and YRBS data are being incorporated into math and English curricula. In San Diego, YRBS data are being used to encourage colleges and universities to become actively involved in reducing alcohol use among teenagers throughout their community. Continued support for the YRBSS is critical to the success of these and other public health and school health programs. References
* The school-based components of the YRBSS were implemented in 1990 and 1991 and biennially during odd-numbered years thereafter. ** In this report, black students refers to black, non-Hispanic students. *** SUrvey DAta ANalysis, a computer software for the statistical analysis of correlated data; for additional information, contact Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (Telephone: 919-541-6000). **** In this report, white students refers to white, non-Hispanic students. ***** In this report, state refers to both states and U.S. territories. ****** Pellet-sized pieces of highly purified cocaine. ******** A process whereby cocaine is dissolved in ether or sodium hydroxide and the precipitate filtered off. ******** Students were classified as injecting-drug users only if they a) reported injecting-drug use not prescribed by a physician and b) answered "one or more" to any of the following questions: "During your life, how many times have you used any form of cocaine, including powder, crack, or freebase?" "During your life, how many times have you used any other type of illegal drug, such as LSD, PCP, ecstasy, mushrooms, speed, ice, or heroin?" Or, "During your life, how many times have you taken steroid pills or shots without a doctor's prescription?" ********* Fruit, fruit juice, green salad, or cooked vegetables. ********** Hamburgers, hot dogs, or sausage; french fries or potato chips; and cookies, doughnuts, pie, or cake. Table_1 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 1. Size, response rates, and demographic characteristics of samples -- United States and selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ======================================================================================================================================================================= Response Sex (%) Grade (%) Race/Ethnicity rate (%) (%) Sample ----------------------------- -------------- ------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- Site size School Student Overall Female Male 9 10 11 12 White * Black * Hispanic Other ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NATIONAL SURVEY 16,262 79 87 69 45.2 54.8 23.6 23.9 25.2 27.2 62.4 12.5 9.8 15.3 STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 3,787 90 86 78 50.1 49.9 30.4 25.3 22.7 19.8 66.1 30.4 0.8 2.7 American Samoa + 1,038 100 89 89 55.9 44.1 30.3 25.1 22.9 21.6 7.8 4.5 1.6 86.1 Arkansas 1,991 76 87 66 48.9 51.1 28.5 27.0 23.5 20.8 67.4 25.5 1.6 5.6 Connecticut 1,690 75 82 62 49.8 50.2 29.6 25.9 23.3 21.0 77.7 6.4 8.0 7.9 Guam+ 334 NA & 67 67 52.6 47.4 40.3 26.2 18.2 15.4 6.1 2.0 2.0 89.9 Hawaii 1,409 100 63 63 48.1 51.9 31.3 25.4 23.6 19.7 13.5 2.1 3.4 81.1 Iowa 1,521 78 91 71 48.9 51.1 26.2 25.8 24.4 22.8 92.2 2.2 1.3 4.3 Kentucky 1,465 72 86 62 49.9 50.1 29.8 26.1 23.3 20.8 87.7 8.1 0.7 3.4 Louisiana 3,897 97 81 79 49.7 50.3 32.0 25.8 22.1 19.4 52.8 39.0 1.8 6.4 Maine 1,837 86 97 83 48.6 51.4 27.9 25.6 24.1 22.3 91.6 1.6 0.9 5.9 Massachusetts 3,982 88 79 70 49.2 50.8 28.7 26.1 23.8 21.2 72.9 6.8 8.8 11.5 Michigan 3,933 85 74 63 49.8 50.2 29.9 26.2 23.1 20.7 74.3 15.0 2.5 8.2 Mississippi 1,532 78 80 62 50.5 49.5 32.4 26.1 21.6 19.2 36.9 58.4 0.6 4.0 Missouri 1,483 81 80 65 49.2 50.8 28.4 26.3 23.7 21.2 75.9 17.0 1.5 5.6 Montana 2,457 72 83 60 48.5 51.5 27.9 26.1 23.9 22.1 84.8 0.6 2.1 12.5 Nevada 1,464 96 62 60 48.8 51.2 28.9 27.1 23.7 20.2 65.1 6.5 13.0 15.4 New York 3,741 79 81 64 49.7 50.3 31.4 26.4 23.0 19.0 60.2 13.9 11.8 14.2 Ohio 2,188 87 85 74 49.2 50.8 29.6 25.9 23.2 21.3 73.3 18.6 2.7 5.4 Rhode Island 1,528 72 83 60 50.2 49.8 30.0 26.1 23.1 20.5 73.4 4.3 9.1 13.2 South Carolina 5,539 72 88 63 49.4 50.6 33.5 26.0 20.9 19.4 49.1 44.3 1.8 4.8 South Dakota 1,604 84 80 67 49.2 50.8 28.1 25.9 24.1 21.8 93.1 0.6 0.8 5.5 Utah 1,388 96 74 71 49.0 51.0 26.4 26.3 23.0 23.5 87.9 1.4 4.5 6.2 Vermont 8,636 87 82 71 48.4 51.6 28.3 25.7 23.8 22.1 NA NA NA NA Virgin Islands + 824 100 76 76 50.3 49.7 39.7 19.4 23.5 17.5 0.7 86.1 6.5 6.7 West Virginia 1,818 98 83 81 51.2 48.8 27.5 26.0 24.1 22.4 92.1 2.8 1.0 4.1 Wisconsin 1,325 72 85 61 49.0 51.0 28.0 26.5 24.0 21.5 84.4 4.3 3.8 7.5 Wyoming 2,081 83 81 67 49.0 51.0 26.9 26.2 23.9 22.7 85.1 1.3 6.6 7.0 Unweighted data California@ 2,596 72 72 52 54.0 46.0 20.8 24.7 26.0 28.3 38.6 6.8 25.0 29.6 Colorado 1,170 54 85 46 51.0 49.0 40.8 19.5 21.4 18.2 79.6 1.7 9.4 9.3 Delaware 2,433 77 76 59 51.9 48.1 34.8 18.0 28.5 18.4 65.5 22.9 3.7 7.9 Florida 2,555 80 73 58 50.6 49.4 40.1 31.4 19.4 9.0 67.0 13.6 11.5 7.9 New Hampshire 1,600 52 87 45 52.8 47.2 33.6 24.5 24.0 17.8 92.6 1.1 1.3 5.0 New Jersey 1,986 58 87 50 52.2 47.8 32.3 26.2 22.7 18.7 69.0 12.4 8.7 9.9 North Carolina 2,340 72 81 58 54.1 45.9 40.0 21.5 20.9 17.5 55.0 35.3 2.5 7.2 North Dakota 1,097 49 90 44 49.7 50.3 26.8 31.1 25.9 16.2 94.2 0.9 0.9 4.0 Tennessee 1,418 67 82 55 52.9 47.1 29.9 27.1 26.1 16.8 72.0 21.3 1.5 5.2 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 1,393 96 68 65 50.5 49.5 30.6 25.3 24.3 19.3 16.4 36.7 20.5 26.4 Chicago 1,423 95 72 68 54.3 45.7 34.1 28.5 21.0 16.0 8.1 47.8 34.7 9.4 Dallas 1,583 100 70 70 51.0 49.0 38.7 24.3 19.3 17.7 11.4 51.4 33.1 4.1 Detroit 2,113 98 70 69 53.5 46.5 36.9 25.4 20.4 17.0 3.4 85.0 3.3 8.3 District of 1,356 100 70 70 49.1 50.9 18.9 33.5 22.3 23.9 1.8 83.2 7.6 7.4 Columbia Ft. Lauderdale 1,628 100 80 80 49.5 50.5 32.1 26.6 22.3 19.0 39.8 31.3 18.6 10.3 Houston 1,262 92 80 73 53.2 46.8 37.9 22.0 17.9 22.1 9.7 39.1 43.4 7.9 Jersey City 1,095 100 85 85 52.5 47.5 36.1 24.3 20.3 18.8 4.0 42.0 32.0 22.0 Los Angeles 1,761 100 77 77 53.3 46.7 29.7 29.4 19.0 21.7 10.0 10.7 61.9 17.3 Miami 2,029 81 82 66 48.9 51.1 32.6 27.0 20.5 17.6 10.5 25.7 55.6 8.3 New Orleans 1,666 96 68 65 53.0 47.0 31.4 25.4 22.5 20.5 7.1 86.5 1.5 4.9 New York City 2,014 100 78 78 50.5 49.5 37.5 27.8 21.9 12.6 27.7 24.2 25.9 22.1 Philadelphia 1,729 100 78 78 50.5 49.5 38.7 25.9 20.0 15.3 23.9 53.8 8.1 14.1 San Diego 2,445 100 75 75 49.6 50.4 29.1 27.5 24.3 18.9 31.7 16.4 25.8 26.0 San Francisco 1,914 100 61 61 48.7 51.3 28.1 26.8 27.5 17.3 7.8 11.9 17.4 62.9 Unweighted data Baltimore 999 89 60 53 57.6 42.4 28.5 19.2 28.1 24.1 8.8 82.4 1.6 7.1 Newark 2,033 100 68 68 57.7 42.3 16.2 15.0 35.4 33.0 6.7 61.8 23.4 8.1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Non-Hispanic. + U.S. territories are included as states. & Not available. @ Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ======================================================================================================================================================================= Return to top. Table_2 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 2. Percentage of high school students who rarely, or never wore seat belts, * motorcycle helmets, + or bicycle helmets, & who rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol, @ and who drove after drinking alcohol, @ by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Rarely or Rarely or Rarely or Rode with a Drove after never wore never wore never driver who drinking seat belts motorcycle wore had been alcohol helmets bicycle drinking helmets alcohol ------------------------------------ ---------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White ** 10.8 22.0 17.1 29.5 36.6 34.2 87.3 86.9 87.1 34.5 38.9 36.9 14.0 22.8 18.9 (+/-3.5) ++ (+/-5.0) (+/-4.2) (+/-13.4) (+/-7.9) (+/-8.6) (+/-5.6) (+/-4.7) (+/-4.8) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.8) (+/-3.7) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.7) Black ** 28.3 34.4 31.3 51.4 41.8 44.7 95.4 96.1 95.8 29.8 37.3 33.5 4.8 14.3 9. (+/-5.0) (+/-7.0) (+/-5.3) (+/-12.6) (+/-10.6) (+/-7.9) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.6) (+/-4.4) (+/-6.4) (+/-4.3) (+/-1.2) (+/-3.5) (+/-2.0) Hispanic 17.0 23.1 20.3 52.7 55.4 54.7 91.3 92.0 91.7 40.6 44.6 42.8 11.0 24.2 18.1 (+/-5.8) (+/-7.7) (+/-6.2) (+/-16.6) (+/-12.6) (+/-9.9) (+/-2.9) (+/-4.5) (+/-3.2) (+/-4.5) (+/-6.5) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-5.5) (+/-3.2) Grade 9 16.0 25.9 21.2 40.5 41.9 41. 86.5 87.3 86.9 34.9 31.8 33.3 7.5 11.7 9.7 (+/-3.9) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.7) (+/-14.9) (+/-7.5) (+/-8.1) (+/-8.3) (+/-4.7) (+/-6.1) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.9) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.0) 10 13.5 19.1 16.6 26.5 36.3 33.3 87.2 86.2 86.6 28.2 35.6 32.3 7.5 14.8 11.5 (+/-3.6) (+/-5.0) (+/-4.1) (+/-9.8) (+/-7.2) (+/-5.8) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.5) 11 15.1 23.1 19.5 31.2 36.9 35.0 90.7 90.4 90.5 35.1 42.9 39.4 13.6 25.1 19.9 (+/-4.4) (+/-5.1) (+/-4.3) (+/-19.6) (+/-12.3) (+/-12.1) (+/-2.9) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.7) (+/-5.4) (+/-5.2) (+/-4.4) (+/-4.6) (+/-4.9) (+/-4.2) 12 13.5 24.5 19.7 29.7 37.7 34.9 89.4 89.8 89.6 39.1 41.7 40.5 18.8 30.4 25.3 (+/-2.9) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.7) (+/-11.8) (+/-8.7) (+/-8.7) (+/-5.8) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.6) (+/-5.1) (+/-6.2) (+/-5.1) (+/-5.6) (+/-6.4) (+/-5.9) Total 14.5 23.2 19.3 31.7 38.3 36.2 88.3 88.4 88.4 34.5 38.3 36.6 12.0 21.0 16.9 (+/-2.9) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.4) (+/-10.3) (+/-6.7) (+/-6.7) (+/-4.8) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.3) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.5) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.8) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * When riding in a car or truck driven by someone else. + Among the 21.0% of students who rode motorcycles during the 12 months preceding the survey. & Among the 75.4% of students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey. @ One or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. ** Non-Hispanic. ++ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =========================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_3 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 3. Percentage of high school students who rarely or never wore seat belts, * motorcycle helmets, + or bicycle helmets, & who rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol, @ and who drove after drinking alcohol, @ by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ==================================================================================================================================================================================== Rarely or Rarely or Rarely or Rode with a Drove after never wore never wore never wore driver who drinking seat belts motorcycle bicycle had been alcohol helmets helmets drinking alcohol --------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 18.4 30.8 24.9 29.3 38.1 35.9 93.0 92.1 92.4 38.7 41.5 40.3 13.4 21.1 17.3 American Samoa ** 36.1 34.8 35.5 NA ++ NA 38.5 83.1 87.3 85.2 37.8 43.8 40.5 4.5 13.9 8.6 Arkansas 21.0 36.7 29.0 27.8 48.0 42.0 94.2 95.6 95.0 39.3 43.4 41.4 9.6 24.7 17.3 Connecticut 20.0 27.0 23.6 54.7 46.8 49.3 86.8 87.5 87.2 38.4 38.2 38.3 10.6 18.6 14.6 Guam ** 13.3 12.9 13.1 NA NA NA NA 91.6 91.9 41.7 48.6 45.0 2.6 16.1 8.9 Hawaii 12.1 16.8 14.6 69.6 66.9 68.1 93.8 94.0 93.9 37.0 35.1 36.1 8.0 12.6 10.3 Iowa 7.7 17.2 12.6 75.2 71.2 72.9 93.1 92.9 93.0 38.7 42.0 40.4 15.6 24.7 20.2 Kentucky 15.5 31.2 23.5 33.9 49.2 45.3 95.2 95.5 95.4 30.2 41.5 35.9 10.1 21.1 15.8 Louisiana 16.8 30.0 23.5 34.8 51.6 46.3 97.0 96.0 96.4 44.5 46.6 45.7 13.4 23.1 18.2 Maine 14.7 29.7 22.3 30.3 36.7 34.5 84.3 85.3 84.7 32.1 35.5 34.0 10.3 21.2 15.8 Massachusetts 23.1 35.1 29.2 18.9 26.2 23.9 85.7 86.4 86.1 35.0 35.8 35.4 10.9 17.5 14.2 Michigan 13.8 22.7 18.5 20.1 25.4 23.9 95.3 94.6 95.0 36.7 37.4 37.1 12.4 20.5 16.5 Mississippi 22.4 40.2 31.2 NA 52.0 48.3 97.3 96.7 97.0 38.5 44.2 41.3 8.8 21.8 15.1 Missouri 23.0 34.9 29.1 NA 46.0 39.9 92.1 92.9 92.5 40.3 39.2 39.8 16.7 23.4 20.2 Montana 25.9 37.9 32.0 52.4 49.3 50.2 87.0 88.1 87.5 46.2 47.1 46.6 22.2 30.9 26.7 Nevada 14.5 20.7 17.6 26.9 31.5 30.0 91.4 91.5 91.4 34.8 32.2 33.4 12.0 17.8 15.0 New York 20.3 26.2 23.3 18.3 26.3 23.6 87.4 88.2 87.9 26.0 31.5 28.8 4.5 11.6 8.1 Ohio 18.4 30.0 24.3 40.8 41.4 41.4 93.9 93.1 93.5 33.6 35.7 34.7 10.7 16.3 13.6 Rhode Island 28.7 36.9 32.7 25.3 47.4 40.0 90.9 90.9 90.7 34.0 37.6 35.9 11.6 17.0 14.4 South Carolina 18.3 32.0 25.3 52.6 59.7 57.1 96.3 94.5 95.3 34.6 41.0 37.9 11.8 21.4 16.6 South Dakota 25.8 46.8 36.5 55.2 55.0 55.1 98.2 95.2 96.7 49.2 50.2 49.7 25.1 36.6 30.9 Utah 11.9 20.3 16.6 55.1 54.8 54.8 87.7 85.5 86.4 19.3 19.3 19.4 7.9 9.4 8.7 Vermont 8.0 16.5 12.5 NA NA NA 62.3 65.5 63.9 31.4 33.8 32.7 10.6 18.1 14.5 Virgin Islands ** 7.4 10.1 8.7 NA NA NA 96.5 98.0 97.4 25.8 26.9 26.3 2.4 6.8 4.6 West Virginia 14.6 29.0 21.6 41.9 52.9 49.1 87.8 89.8 88.9 27.9 42.5 35.0 8.5 20.7 14.4 Wisconsin 18.7 34.0 26.6 26.5 37.3 33.6 92.3 92.8 92.6 35.6 36.5 36.0 12.7 18.7 15.8 Wyoming 23.5 41.9 32.9 47.7 45.1 46.3 91.0 89.9 90.3 39.7 42.2 40.9 17.9 25.3 21.6 Unweighted data California && 4.1 8.6 6.1 17.8 30.3 26.4 78.6 78.1 78.3 29.5 30.3 29.8 6.0 14.3 9.8 Colorado 15.0 27.3 21.0 52.2 53.5 52.7 84.8 82.8 83.6 39.2 38.9 39.2 12.8 20.9 16.8 Delaware 15.9 28.6 22.2 28.7 43.5 37.8 90.0 89.6 89.7 33.4 34.4 34.0 14.2 17.4 15.7 Florida 14.0 20.8 17.4 26.9 36.7 33.2 95.7 93.3 94.4 33.2 35.6 34.4 10.8 18.6 14.6 New Hampshire 19.2 27.5 23.1 24.4 33.9 29.7 82.5 77.8 80.2 29.7 31.1 30.4 9.9 16.5 13.0 New Jersey 18.7 24.9 21.7 24.4 28.6 26.8 88.4 89.9 89.1 27.6 30.7 29.0 6.8 12.8 9.8 North Carolina 6.3 15.4 10.6 24.2 34.9 31.3 92.7 93.6 93.1 26.1 32.0 28.9 8.3 13.6 10.8 North Dakota NA NA NA 64.8 53.0 56.8 98.3 97.1 97.7 54.5 50.5 52.5 32.2 34.2 33.2 Tennessee 22.3 28.8 25.3 35.0 34.0 34.3 93.4 92.8 93.0 35.0 35.9 35.3 12.0 18.8 15.2 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 37.1 42.7 39.9 NA 45.8 42.0 90.8 91.6 91.2 26.0 32.0 29.0 4.4 9.9 7.1 Chicago 39.3 43.3 41.2 NA NA 73.1 94.4 93.8 94.1 30.7 38.2 34.1 4.1 11.7 7.5 Dallas 9.0 15.8 12.4 NA 48.6 46.5 92.7 94.9 93.9 42.0 44.3 43.1 7.6 13.6 10.6 Detroit 26.6 36.2 31.1 27.4 40.3 35.2 97.2 96.1 96.6 36.8 45.1 40.6 5.6 11.9 8.5 District of Columbia 26.6 36.5 31.9 NA 65.8 58.4 93.7 92.9 93.2 29.4 40.1 34.6 4.9 14.6 9.8 Ft. Lauderdale 13.1 21.1 17.1 NA 36.9 34.8 94.7 96.0 95.4 30.2 31.3 30.7 6.6 15.6 11.1 Houston 10.6 18.3 14.2 NA NA 41.4 88.3 88.9 88.7 35.1 44.9 39.7 6.4 22.0 13.7 Jersey City 40.8 45.4 43.1 NA NA 56.4 95.0 93.4 94.2 28.6 32.6 30.5 4.5 10.8 7.5 Los Angeles 7.1 11.5 9.2 NA 50.6 46.7 90.8 89.6 90.2 35.3 38.0 36.7 6.2 12.7 9.3 Miami 16.4 26.5 21.5 NA 47.7 47.9 93.6 94.8 94.3 30.8 33.4 32.1 6.2 12.8 9.6 New Orleans 29.5 37.0 33.1 NA 30.3 32.0 95.9 92.4 94.1 35.2 40.5 37.8 6.9 15.2 10.8 New York City 33.8 33.5 33.7 NA 40.4 39.9 90.0 91.5 90.7 21.6 23.8 22.7 2.9 6.4 4.7 Philadelphia 43.7 46.6 45.1 37.8 46.4 43.0 94.5 95.9 95.3 26.3 29.8 28.1 3.4 12.3 7.8 San Diego 5.8 8.6 7.3 23.2 34.2 30.2 80.0 78.7 79.2 32.5 35.0 33.8 9.0 14.9 11.9 San Francisco 6.2 10.5 8.5 NA NA 31.2 76.6 74.9 75.6 20.1 21.2 20.7 3.8 5.4 4.6 Unweighted data Baltimore 25.8 32.9 29.0 NA NA 65.4 92.7 95.7 94.4 20.5 27.9 23.8 5.1 6.9 6.1 Newark 34.4 43.6 38.2 NA 49.3 39.8 94.9 93.4 94.1 26.2 35.6 30.2 3.8 12.0 7.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * When riding in a car or truck driven by someone else. + Among students who rode motorcycles during the 12 months preceding the survey. & Among students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey. @ One or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. ** U.S. territories are included as states. ++ Not available. && Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ==================================================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_4 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 4. Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon * or a gun + and the 30-day incidence of weapon carrying per 100 students, & by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ================================================================================================================================== Carried a weapon Carried a gun 30-day incidence of weapon carrying (per 100 students) ---------------------------------- -------------------------------- ----------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White @ 4.4 27.0 17.0 0.8 7.2 4.4 14.9 112.9 69.5 (+/-1.2) ** (+/-4.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-0.4) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.0) (+/-5.5) (+/-32.0) (+/-19.2) Black @ 14.7 29.1 21.7 2.5 16.3 9.2 51.0 119.4 84.2 (+/-4.2) (+/-4.8) (+/-3.9) (+/-1.0) (+/-3.6) (+/-1.9) (+/-21.9) (+/-41.1) (+/-30.0) Hispanic 9.6 35.0 23.3 2.1 16.9 10.1 32.5 144.5 92.9 (+/-2.2) (+/-4.5) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.1) (+/-3.9) (+/-2.3) (+/-10.9) (+/-52.6) (+/-28.5) Grade 9 10.9 33.2 22.6 2.6 12.5 7.8 36.5 126.5 83.6 (+/-2.5) (+/-3.9) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.4) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.4) (+/-13.0) (+/-26.4) (+/-17.5) 10 6.3 26.6 17.4 1.1 9.9 5.9 20.4 106.6 67.5 (+/-2.2) (+/-4.4) (+/-2.6) (+/-0.6) (+/-2.5) (+/-1.3) (+/-5.8) (+/-17.7) (+/-11.0) 11 5.7 28.8 18.2 1.2 9.1 5.5 20.8 124.8 77.3 (+/-1.9) (+/-5.2) (+/-3.3) (+/-0.6) (+/-2.7) (+/-1.4) (+/-7.6) (+/-29.3) (+/-17.3) 12 5.3 23.3 15.4 0.9 7.6 4.6 22.3 105.9 69.1 (+/-1.6) (+/-5.3) (+/-3.2) (+/-1.0) (+/-3.1) (+/-1.8) (+/-7.9) (+/-30.9) (+/-18.5) Total 7.0 27.7 18.3 1.5 9.6 5.9 25.0 115.5 74.2 (+/-1.1) (+/-3.1) (+/-1.8) (+/-0.6) (+/-1.6) (+/-0.8) (+/-4.6) (+/-20.2) (+/-11.7) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Carried a weapon (e.g., a gun, knife, or club) on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + On >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Students who replied that they carried a weapon 0 or 1 days during the 30-day period were assigned a weapon-carrying frequency of 0 or 1, respectively; 2-3 days, 2.5; 4-5 days, 4.5; and >= 6 days, 6.0. @ Non-Hispanic. ** Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_5 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 5. Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon * or a gun + and the 30-day incidence of weapon carrying per 100 students, & by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ================================================================================================================================== Carried a weapon Carrried a gun 30-day incidence of weapon carrying (per 100 students) -------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 9.3 43.2 26.1 2.2 17.9 10.1 36.3 199.4 117.1 American Samoa @ 14.2 35.1 23.0 4.6 20.7 11.4 52.7 139.8 89.3 Arkansas 12.6 42.3 27.5 3.1 18.0 10.6 46.7 197.2 122.4 Connecticut 7.2 26.8 17.0 1.5 6.8 4.2 23.6 119.2 71.6 Guam @ 6.3 34.7 19.6 1.8 11.5 6.4 18.3 109.1 60.7 Hawaii 6.1 21.5 14.1 1.3 6.8 4.1 16.7 77.2 47.8 Iowa 4.9 31.9 18.6 0.6 11.6 6.2 15.7 139.6 78.7 Kentucky 6.6 46.0 26.4 1.9 16.3 9.3 25.1 220.4 123.3 Louisiana 9.3 34.8 22.0 2.2 15.3 8.7 34.2 153.0 93.4 Maine 6.3 36.9 22.0 1.5 11.7 6.8 21.8 156.3 90.7 Massachusetts 8.2 29.6 19.0 1.5 7.9 4.9 28.0 117.8 73.4 Michigan 6.5 31.3 18.9 1.5 12.3 7.0 23.2 125.7 74.7 Mississippi 11.1 35.8 23.3 1.1 19.8 10.3 36.8 165.7 100.4 Missouri 7.1 34.6 20.9 1.5 13.4 7.5 30.5 151.4 91.3 Montana 9.6 37.5 23.8 2.8 16.5 9.8 38.0 169.3 104.6 Nevada 9.8 30.6 20.4 3.2 9.4 6.3 34.5 127.9 82.2 New York 7.8 29.1 18.4 1.1 9.1 5.1 28.0 119.0 73.3 Ohio 6.2 28.9 17.7 2.0 11.5 6.8 23.8 128.7 76.9 Rhode Island 7.5 28.2 17.7 2.0 7.8 5.0 25.8 110.2 67.6 South Carolina 11.7 37.4 24.6 2.6 17.4 10.1 42.4 164.5 103.3 South Dakota 3.6 35.5 19.5 1.2 19.2 10.2 12.6 160.4 86.5 Utah 6.4 34.3 20.8 2.2 14.9 8.9 22.6 136.7 81.9 Vermont NA ** NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Virgin Islands @ 8.4 34.0 20.9 1.0 7.8 4.4 27.9 127.8 77.0 West Virginia 7.5 44.8 25.5 1.5 17.9 9.4 26.2 201.8 110.9 Wisconsin 4.8 25.2 15.1 1.2 9.9 5.6 16.0 98.2 57.5 Wyoming 8.0 43.1 25.6 1.8 18.8 10.4 32.3 199.2 116.0 Unweighted data California ++ 7.7 27.4 16.7 1.3 8.7 4.7 25.6 104.9 61.8 Colorado 8.0 32.8 20.1 2.0 9.3 5.6 28.2 144.4 85.3 Delaware 8.5 30.2 19.0 2.2 12.2 7.2 33.1 129.2 79.6 Florida 6.6 31.0 18.7 1.7 9.9 5.8 24.6 131.9 77.6 New Hampshire 5.9 31.7 17.9 0.7 8.8 4.5 20.2 134.7 73.5 New Jersey 6.2 26.5 16.0 1.1 8.1 4.4 21.3 106.3 62.0 North Carolina 8.0 37.4 21.4 NA NA NA 28.3 161.0 88.8 North Dakota NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tennessee 8.6 41.2 23.9 1.5 15.0 7.8 32.6 193.1 107.6 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 12.7 34.0 23.3 3.0 11.7 7.4 53.2 143.6 97.9 Chicago 20.6 27.2 23.5 2.5 11.5 6.5 70.1 100.0 83.4 Dallas 11.6 30.8 21.1 1.8 17.4 9.6 41.7 117.6 79.4 Detroit 15.7 29.6 22.3 3.1 17.5 9.9 54.7 116.5 83.9 District of Columbia 23.5 39.7 31.8 1.9 19.0 10.6 93.4 171.4 133.5 Ft. Lauderdale 5.0 24.0 14.5 1.1 8.9 5.0 13.8 98.3 56.2 Houston 7.6 31.4 18.7 1.8 16.3 8.5 21.9 126.1 70.7 Jersey City 16.9 28.8 22.5 2.6 8.9 5.6 61.0 114.8 86.4 Los Angeles 7.8 27.6 17.0 1.4 11.1 6.0 23.3 101.6 59.5 Miami 9.0 26.3 17.7 2.7 11.5 7.2 32.2 95.6 64.3 New Orleans 15.9 26.1 20.7 3.9 17.2 10.1 56.9 101.2 77.6 New York City 11.0 25.6 18.2 1.5 6.9 4.2 37.7 100.9 68.6 Philadelphia 14.7 29.5 22.0 1.9 13.1 7.4 50.8 112.4 81.3 San Diego 7.8 28.4 18.2 2.0 8.5 5.3 26.4 104.8 66.0 San Francisco 7.1 21.1 14.2 1.2 5.2 3.3 26.9 78.6 53.1 Unweighted data Baltimore 17.2 30.1 22.8 2.6 12.7 7.0 69.3 118.7 91.2 Newark 14.1 27.4 19.7 1.6 13.9 6.8 50.0 110.2 75.5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Carried a weapon (e. g., a gun, knife, or club) on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + On >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Students who replied that they had carried a weapon 0 or 1 days during the 30-day period were assigned a weapon-carrying frequency of 0 or 1, respectively; 2-3 days, 2.5; 4-5 days, 4.5; and >= 6 days, 6.0. @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Not available. ++ Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_6 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 6. Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight * or injured in a physical fight + and the 12-month incidence of physical fighting per 100 students, & by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ========================================================================================================================================== In a physical fight Injured in a physical fight 12-month incidence of physical fighting (per 100 students) ----------------------------------- -------------------------------- ----------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White @ 21.4 43.4 33.7 1.2 3.4 2.5 55.8 131.9 98.3 (+/-2.8) ** (+/-2.3) (+/-2.5) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.5) (+/-16.1) (+/-25.1) (+/-19.3) Black @ 37.7 48.7 43.0 4.4 7.1 5.7 93.3 174.8 132.9 (+/-4.9) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.7) (+/-27.6) (+/-47.9) (+/-35.5) Hispanic 30.3 49.5 40.7 2.0 6.2 4.3 77.8 185.8 136.3 (+/-4.4) (+/-5.4) (+/-3.3) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.0) (+/-17.4) (+/-62.2) (+/-34.8) Grade 9 32.4 56.0 44.8 2.5 6.5 4.6 103.1 200.2 154.3 (+/-5.8) (+/-4.7) (+/-3.9) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.2) (+/-37.6) (+/-48.0) (+/-38.7) 10 30.4 48.2 40.2 3.2 4.6 4.0 81.6 172.4 131.3 (+/-4.4) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.7) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.0) (+/-19.8) (+/-24.2) (+/-17.8) 11 23.0 43.5 34.2 1.5 3.8 2.8 55.0 126.1 93.8 (+/-4.5) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.4) (+/-0.9) (+/-1.3) (+/-0.9) (+/-13.2) (+/-23.4) (+/-15.9) 12 18.9 36.6 28.8 1.6 3.8 2.8 40.6 122.7 86.8 (+/-3.6) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.7) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.0) (+/-0.7) (+/-6.3) (+/-29.5) (+/-17.4) Total 26.0 45.5 36.6 2.2 4.6 3.5 69.4 153.1 115.1 (+/-2.5) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.0) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.9) (+/-0.6) (+/-13.2) (+/-18.2) (+/-14.8) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey. + Students who were injured seriously enough to be treated by a doctor or nurse. & Students who reported fighting 0 or 1 times during the 12-month period were assigned a fighting frequency of 0 or 1, respectively; 2-3 times, 2.5; 4-5 times, 4.5; 6-7 times, 6.5; 8-9 times, 8.5; 10-11 times, 10.5; and >= 12 times, 12.0. @ Non-Hispanic. ** Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ========================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_7 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 7. Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight * or injured in a physical fight + and the 12-month incidence of physical fighting per 100 students, & by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ========================================================================================================================================= In a physical fight Injured in a 12-month incidence physical fight of physical fighting (per 100 students) ------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 23.4 42.7 33.0 1.5 4.4 2.9 60.6 139.7 99.5 American Samoa @ 41.0 63.0 50.4 5.2 13.5 8.9 140.0 309.8 213.0 Arkansas 27.0 45.2 36.2 1.7 5.3 3.5 76.0 155.0 116.3 Connecticut 23.9 43.5 33.8 2.2 5.6 3.9 72.2 141.7 107.5 Guam @ 27.6 59.7 42.8 3.8 6.2 4.9 80.9 208.8 141.4 Hawaii 24.7 38.4 31.7 2.2 4.0 3.1 70.8 115.4 93.6 Iowa 19.8 41.6 31.0 1.7 3.4 2.5 59.5 129.9 95.5 Kentucky 22.8 41.8 32.5 1.0 4.1 2.6 67.0 130.5 100.9 Louisiana 31.3 44.7 38.0 2.5 6.1 4.3 83.9 151.4 117.8 Maine 24.4 40.1 32.5 2.4 4.7 3.7 76.3 142.8 110.0 Massachusetts 26.5 44.0 35.5 3.2 5.3 4.3 82.3 152.3 118.4 Michigan 25.1 47.7 36.4 2.4 5.2 3.9 81.1 157.3 119.7 Mississippi 28.4 45.0 36.6 1.5 4.8 3.1 64.0 163.4 112.6 Missouri 23.7 42.2 33.1 2.5 6.3 4.4 71.2 136.6 104.7 Montana 22.5 41.3 32.2 1.7 4.1 2.9 70.4 130.3 101.5 Nevada 24.7 43.2 34.0 2.1 4.2 3.2 71.1 152.6 112.4 New York 24.9 43.6 34.2 2.1 5.6 3.9 70.9 145.0 108.1 Ohio 30.0 44.3 37.3 3.2 4.0 3.7 87.4 158.8 124.3 Rhode Island 28.3 42.2 35.2 2.8 8.7 5.8 86.0 153.3 119.0 South Carolina 30.0 42.4 36.2 2.4 5.6 4.0 87.7 146.5 117.4 South Dakota 21.3 40.9 31.1 1.1 3.6 2.4 49.2 141.9 95.7 Utah 22.7 40.7 31.9 2.3 5.3 4.0 79.2 151.3 116.0 Vermont 18.9 35.8 27.6 1.7 4.9 3.3 54.1 127.1 91.8 Virgin Islands @ 26.1 38.6 32.3 1.8 6.8 4.3 68.1 120.2 94.0 West Virginia 23.4 41.3 32.1 2.6 5.1 3.8 74.5 149.8 111.0 Wisconsin 25.1 42.2 34.0 2.7 4.1 3.5 72.0 146.9 110.7 Wyoming 24.0 43.8 34.0 1.9 5.3 3.6 73.1 144.9 109.7 Unweighted data California ** 20.1 38.7 28.6 1.8 5.5 3.5 62.0 124.9 90.7 Colorado 27.4 44.6 36.0 2.9 5.3 4.0 80.2 141.9 110.2 Delaware 28.0 39.5 33.6 3.4 6.0 4.8 85.5 143.3 113.4 Florida 23.2 41.2 32.2 2.5 4.6 3.5 70.1 141.0 104.9 New Hampshire 22.6 40.0 30.8 1.8 4.4 3.0 52.8 132.0 89.8 New Jersey 27.5 45.3 36.1 2.9 4.6 3.8 72.3 144.1 106.6 North Carolina 25.8 41.5 33.1 1.9 4.9 3.4 67.6 136.9 99.7 North Dakota 23.1 41.3 32.2 2.2 3.3 2.8 63.1 140.6 101.8 Tennessee 25.8 40.5 32.7 1.6 5.2 3.3 65.2 149.0 104.5 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 29.1 43.1 36.2 5.5 7.7 6.7 95.1 177.4 135.5 Chicago 35.9 46.4 40.7 5.4 8.8 6.9 99.1 167.7 130.5 Dallas 34.2 46.2 40.0 3.8 6.3 5.0 97.6 175.3 135.7 Detroit 30.5 49.9 39.5 2.4 5.5 3.8 85.7 192.8 135.2 District of Columbia 35.8 43.4 39.4 4.7 8.2 6.4 114.7 161.7 138.3 Ft. Lauderdale 22.7 39.2 31.0 2.0 7.8 4.9 63.9 146.5 105.4 Houston 25.1 43.5 33.6 3.5 7.8 5.5 78.0 165.8 118.4 Jersey City 34.0 50.2 41.7 6.4 8.9 7.5 103.2 167.0 133.2 Los Angeles 28.2 46.6 36.7 3.5 6.4 4.8 80.5 160.2 117.2 Miami 26.7 45.4 36.0 2.4 6.5 4.5 79.9 152.8 116.2 New Orleans 43.5 54.9 48.8 6.9 10.6 8.7 123.2 189.0 153.4 New York City 26.3 43.3 34.6 2.4 4.7 3.5 66.5 144.3 104.6 Philadelphia 38.9 52.7 45.7 5.1 8.7 6.9 116.3 200.2 157.5 San Diego 28.9 45.6 37.2 3.2 6.2 4.7 85.8 167.3 126.5 San Francisco 19.1 33.7 26.6 1.9 3.9 2.9 52.5 126.6 90.1 Unweighted data Baltimore 33.5 49.6 40.5 3.2 6.9 4.7 99.1 149.4 122.1 Newark 33.8 48.4 39.9 5.8 9.5 7.3 90.3 167.8 122.8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey. + Students who were injured seriously enough to be treated by a doctor or nurse. & Students who reported fighting 0 or 1 times during the 12-month period were assigned a fighting frequency of 0 or 1, respectively; 2-3 times, 2.5; 4-5 times, 4.5; 6-7 times, 6.5; 8-9 times, 8.5; 10-11 times, 10.5; and >= 12 times, 12.0. @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ========================================================================================================================================= Return to top. Table_8 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 8. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in violence or in behaviors resulting from violence on school property, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Felt too unsafe to go Carried a weapon on Threatened or injured In a physical Property stolen or to school * school property *+ with a weapon on school fight on school property & deliberately damaged on property & school property & -------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White @ 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.1 12.3 7.8 3.7 8.2 6.2 5.9 19.1 13.3 28.6 35.7 32.6 (+/-0.8) ** (+/-0.7) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.7) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.1) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.7) (+/-5.6) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.7) Black @ 6.1 7.5 6.8 7.8 10.7 9.2 5.8 14.0 9.9 17.0 24.6 20.7 30.6 37.5 34.0 (+/-2.2) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.9) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.4) (+/-3.3) (+/-1.8) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.4) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.1) Hispanic 7.7 6.8 7.2 4.3 15.6 10.4 4.6 12.7 9.0 12.3 24.7 19.0 30.6 33.4 32.1 (+/-2.6) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.5) (+/-3.0) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.2) (+/-2.7) (+/-5.3) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.8) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.3) Grade 9 5.8 5.2 5.5 5.4 14.5 10.2 6.1 13.7 10.1 12.4 29.3 21.3 33.7 39.8 36.9 (+/-1.5) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.4) (+/-3.7) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.6) (+/-3.6) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.7) (+/-5.3) (+/-2.5) (+/-4.5) (+/-4.8) (+/-2.6) 10 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.5 11.1 7.7 5.2 10.1 7.9 11.3 21.6 17.0 30.0 39.7 35.4 (+/-1.2) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.3) (+/-3.1) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.9) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.2) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.6) (+/-3.3) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.5) 11 3.2 5.0 4.2 3.1 14.6 9.4 2.3 9.0 5.9 6.2 17.8 12.5 27.5 36.2 32.3 (+/-1.3) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.3) (+/-4.9) (+/-2.6) (+/-0.8) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.4) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.7) (+/-6.7) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.9) 12 3.0 2.3 2.6 3.0 10.1 7.0 2.5 8.4 5.8 4.9 13.1 9.5 25.4 30.0 27.9 (+/-1.2) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.8) (+/-1.3) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.2) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.4) (+/-4.8) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.6) Total 3.9 4.1 4.0 3.7 12.5 8.5 4.0 10.2 7.4 8.6 20.0 14.8 29.0 36.1 32.9 (+/-0.7) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.7) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.6) (+/-1.4) (+/-0.9) (+/-1.5) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.3) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.6) (+/-2.6) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * On >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + Such as a gun, knife, or club. & One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey. @ Non-Hispanic. ** Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_9 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 9. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in violence or in behaviors resulting from violence on school property, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ============================================================================================================================================================================================= Felt too unsafe to go Carried a weapon Threatened or injured In a physical fight Property stolen or to school * on school property *+ with a weapon on school on school property & deliberately damaged property & on school property & --------------------------- ----------------------------- ------------------------------ -------------------------- ------------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 5.5 6.0 5.8 4.7 16.9 10.9 4.8 9.8 7.5 8.2 20.0 14.1 26.0 34.8 30.5 American Samoa @ 9.4 15.0 11.9 5.4 13.9 9.0 6.6 12.9 9.3 26.8 42.5 33.6 49.5 51.0 50.2 Arkansas 4.8 5.5 5.1 5.7 17.6 11.7 6.1 10.5 8.3 8.5 21.6 15.1 30.5 35.9 33.3 Connecticut 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.4 9.5 6.5 4.5 7.5 6.1 8.5 17.6 13.2 24.8 34.3 29.6 Guam @ 10.7 15.8 13.1 1.1 11.5 6.0 7.9 11.0 9.3 10.6 28.2 18.9 44.8 38.7 41.9 Hawaii 5.4 6.0 5.6 2.9 9.1 6.1 4.6 8.0 6.3 7.8 17.7 12.9 27.9 38.4 33.5 Iowa 2.4 3.0 2.7 2.5 14.3 8.6 4.2 9.7 7.0 6.3 20.3 13.5 31.0 45.2 38.3 Kentucky 3.3 5.0 4.3 3.7 26.5 15.2 3.8 9.6 6.8 5.9 18.6 12.5 27.6 33.2 30.4 Louisiana 5.5 6.5 6.1 3.6 10.7 7.2 5.4 9.4 7.6 9.7 18.4 14.1 27.6 34.6 31.2 Maine 3.7 5.1 4.4 3.4 19.1 11.3 5.4 9.3 7.5 6.6 21.3 14.1 27.3 33.5 30.7 Massachusetts 3.9 5.2 4.6 4.0 11.9 8.1 4.4 10.1 7.5 8.1 17.3 12.9 23.5 31.3 27.5 Michigan 3.7 6.3 5.1 3.6 12.8 8.2 5.4 12.7 9.2 8.1 22.3 15.2 28.3 40.9 34.7 Mississippi 5.6 6.4 6.0 5.1 14.6 9.8 5.8 12.5 9.1 9.3 22.8 16.0 32.6 40.0 36.2 Missouri 3.1 5.5 4.3 3.2 15.7 9.6 4.4 10.6 7.5 7.5 18.5 13.1 28.4 38.7 33.7 Montana 3.9 4.8 4.4 5.4 19.1 12.4 5.6 8.5 7.1 7.4 19.3 13.6 31.7 40.9 36.4 Nevada 5.6 5.7 5.7 4.6 15.3 10.1 6.1 10.8 8.5 9.2 21.0 15.2 29.3 34.5 32.0 New York 3.6 5.9 4.8 4.1 13.8 8.9 4.2 9.6 6.9 7.5 19.5 13.5 26.6 34.3 30.5 Ohio 5.3 3.3 4.3 3.1 13.1 8.1 5.2 8.5 7.0 8.1 17.2 12.8 28.4 33.9 31.5 Rhode Island 5.2 6.2 5.8 4.0 11.1 7.5 5.5 10.9 8.2 8.6 18.8 13.6 21.2 29.4 25.3 South Carolina 5.1 6.4 5.8 5.2 14.0 9.7 7.0 11.0 9.1 9.7 15.8 12.8 27.1 34.2 30.7 South Dakota 3.0 3.1 3.0 1.8 15.0 8.5 3.0 7.5 5.2 5.3 17.3 11.3 28.3 33.4 30.8 Utah 4.2 4.4 4.6 3.2 18.1 11.2 3.7 10.5 7.5 7.0 20.6 13.9 33.8 36.1 35.2 Vermont 3.1 4.9 4.1 4.7 19.2 12.2 3.7 10.4 7.3 6.3 18.7 12.6 26.6 35.0 31.0 Virgin Islands @ 5.7 6.8 6.3 4.3 12.4 8.3 5.5 13.8 9.6 8.5 21.2 14.8 26.5 32.4 29.4 West Virginia 5.6 5.8 5.7 2.7 19.4 10.8 6.1 9.6 7.8 8.1 18.4 13.1 26.3 34.3 30.2 Wisconsin 3.1 3.6 3.4 2.6 8.2 5.4 6.2 9.1 7.8 7.7 18.8 13.5 NA NA NA Wyoming 3.4 5.2 4.3 3.6 22.4 13.1 3.8 10.7 7.3 7.4 20.5 14.0 31.3 35.7 33.5 Unweighted data California ** 4.6 6.1 5.3 3.2 12.3 7.4 4.2 10.9 7.3 6.6 18.3 11.9 31.0 39.3 34.9 Colorado 2.7 2.8 2.7 3.9 19.3 11.4 6.2 11.2 8.7 8.6 20.9 14.9 32.2 35.8 34.2 Delaware 3.8 6.1 5.0 4.0 13.1 8.5 6.1 9.0 7.8 9.3 17.8 13.5 26.3 31.0 28.9 Florida 5.9 5.3 5.6 2.9 12.1 7.5 5.8 10.4 8.1 8.0 18.0 12.9 30.8 37.8 34.2 New Hampshire 3.7 2.1 2.9 2.1 13.4 7.4 3.9 9.7 6.6 7.7 19.9 13.5 27.5 35.0 31.1 New Jersey 4.1 4.3 4.2 3.1 12.7 7.7 4.7 8.6 6.6 10.0 21.6 15.6 30.0 33.6 31.7 North Carolina 5.2 5.5 5.4 3.3 13.2 8.0 6.1 10.3 8.1 8.4 19.2 13.3 29.1 37.5 32.9 North Dakota NA NA NA 1.8 14.9 8.4 3.7 7.5 5.6 5.0 19.7 12.4 35.6 39.2 37.4 Tennessee 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.2 19.2 11.2 5.9 8.4 7.1 9.1 19.7 14.1 28.8 32.9 30.8 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 6.2 10.8 8.6 6.8 15.8 11.4 6.7 12.6 10.0 11.5 18.3 15.0 21.9 25.0 23.6 Chicago 12.6 15.2 13.9 12.5 12.3 12.4 9.7 16.5 12.8 13.6 23.2 17.9 32.0 39.5 35.4 Dallas 6.8 7.7 7.2 7.5 8.5 8.1 6.0 11.7 8.9 13.3 23.5 18.3 37.0 46.1 41.4 Detroit 12.7 14.2 13.3 7.8 12.7 10.1 8.4 14.4 11.1 13.1 28.1 20.0 32.8 45.3 38.6 District of Columbia 9.1 12.3 10.8 13.4 19.3 16.5 8.5 17.6 13.3 15.5 23.2 19.2 32.0 35.5 33.7 Ft. Lauderdale 4.5 8.8 6.7 2.5 9.9 6.2 5.2 11.1 8.2 7.0 20.4 13.8 27.7 33.7 30.7 Houston 7.7 11.5 9.6 3.1 12.4 7.6 5.9 16.3 10.8 10.3 23.2 16.3 33.1 39.3 36.1 Jersey City 10.0 14.0 12.1 9.7 15.2 12.3 5.8 16.1 10.7 15.1 25.0 19.7 22.9 30.8 26.6 Los Angeles 11.0 10.1 10.6 2.9 9.1 5.8 4.9 12.7 8.6 10.5 22.7 16.2 30.8 38.5 34.4 Miami 9.3 8.6 9.0 3.6 8.9 6.4 4.9 11.5 8.3 11.2 20.3 15.7 35.2 37.4 36.4 New Orleans 10.1 11.5 10.8 7.6 9.9 8.7 10.4 13.9 12.1 21.7 32.5 26.7 30.1 38.3 33.9 New York City 5.5 9.7 7.6 5.6 13.2 9.3 5.1 10.1 7.5 6.8 16.4 11.5 22.6 29.7 26.1 Philadelphia 7.5 8.5 8.1 7.9 12.5 10.1 6.8 11.8 9.4 15.2 26.1 20.5 26.6 35.3 31.0 San Diego 5.3 5.9 5.7 3.7 10.6 7.2 5.3 10.8 8.1 9.2 20.4 14.8 31.6 41.2 36.5 San Francisco 5.0 8.0 6.6 3.6 11.8 7.8 4.1 12.5 8.5 5.2 16.9 11.2 24.8 29.1 27.0 Unweighted data Baltimore 6.8 9.2 7.8 9.6 11.4 10.5 7.4 9.8 8.4 10.4 23.7 16.3 24.5 29.7 26.8 Newark 9.3 10.0 9.6 8.0 11.2 9.3 8.3 13.4 10.6 14.6 22.5 18.0 29.4 35.9 32.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * On >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + Such as a gun, knife, or club. & One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey. @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ============================================================================================================================================================================================= Return to top. Table_10 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 10. Percentage of high school students who reported having seriously considered attempting suicide and who reported suicidal behavior, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================== Seriously considered Suicide attempt required attempting suicide * Made a suicide plan * Attempted suicide *+ medical attention * -------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White & 26.1 14.4 19.5 18.5 11.0 14.3 10.3 3.2 6.3 2.6 1.5 2.0 (+/-3.7) @ (+/-2.2) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.3) (+/-2.2) (+/-0.7) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.0) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.5) Black & 22.0 10.6 16.4 16.0 8.8 12.5 9.0 5.6 7.3 3.0 1.8 2.4 (+/-2.4) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.6) (+/-0.8) Hispanic 30.3 17.1 23.1 23.9 16.0 19.6 14.9 7.2 10.7 3.8 2.1 2.8 (+/-4.7) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.3) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.5) (+/-4.5) (+/-2.6) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.0) Grade 9 28.9 16.1 22.2 19.9 13.0 16.3 15.1 6.3 10.5 5.0 3.2 4.1 (+/-6.0) (+/-4.6) (+/-5.0) (+/-4.6) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.3) (+/-4.0) (+/-1.7) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.1) 10 30.0 14.5 21.5 24.2 11.0 16.9 14.3 3.8 8.5 3.7 1.4 2.4 (+/-4.6) (+/-2.8) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.9) (+/-1.4) (+/-2.1) (+/-3.9) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.8) (+/-0.7) (+/-0.9) 11 26.2 16.6 21.0 21.0 13.5 16.9 11.3 4.4 7.6 2.8 2.6 2.7 (+/-3.8) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.5) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.1) (+/-3.4) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.5) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.0) 12 23.6 13.5 17.9 15.3 11.2 13.0 6.2 3.7 4.8 2.0 1.0 1.4 (+/-3.8) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.7) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.7) Total 27.1 15.1 20.5 20.0 12.2 15.7 11.6 4.5 7.7 3.3 2.0 2.6 (+/-2.8) (+/-1.7) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.3) (+/-2.0) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.9) (+/-1.0) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.5) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * During the 12 months preceding the survey. + One or more times. & Non-Hispanic. @ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_11 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 11. Percentage of high school students who reported having seriously considered attempting suicide and who reported suicidal behavior, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ================================================================================================================================ Seriously considered Suicide attempt required attempting suicide * Made a suicide plan * Attempted suicide *+ medical attention * ---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------ Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 23.6 14.3 19.0 17.8 12.2 15.1 9.8 6.4 8.1 2.8 3.1 2.9 American Samoa & 34.7 22.5 29.3 33.1 22.9 28.6 25.7 17.0 22.0 9.4 5.6 7.8 Arkansas 27.3 17.4 22.2 21.8 13.5 17.6 14.3 5.7 10.0 3.7 1.3 2.5 Connecticut 27.5 15.7 21.6 19.9 13.4 16.6 12.5 5.6 9.1 4.3 1.7 3.0 Guam & 35.7 23.1 29.7 29.6 20.2 25.2 20.9 17.9 19.5 4.3 4.7 4.5 Hawaii 35.4 19.4 26.9 26.6 14.1 20.1 17.1 6.3 11.5 5.9 2.3 4.0 Iowa 30.5 15.6 23.0 23.4 14.0 18.6 13.8 4.3 9.0 4.4 2.0 3.2 Kentucky 26.1 18.4 22.4 21.4 12.7 17.0 9.1 6.5 8.0 2.2 2.5 2.5 Louisiana 26.0 17.5 21.7 19.9 14.3 17.1 12.7 7.2 10.0 3.7 2.8 3.3 Maine 28.2 21.0 24.5 23.7 18.2 20.8 11.2 5.8 8.5 3.7 2.0 2.8 Massachusetts 29.9 17.3 23.5 23.3 15.1 19.2 12.7 6.3 9.5 4.5 2.9 3.7 Michigan 28.0 19.4 23.8 19.9 17.3 18.6 11.7 9.0 10.4 3.2 3.1 3.1 Mississippi 22.5 16.5 19.5 16.2 12.9 14.5 9.4 7.9 8.6 2.4 3.0 2.7 Missouri 27.1 17.5 22.2 19.0 12.3 15.6 11.1 7.0 9.1 3.5 2.5 3.0 Montana 30.9 17.3 23.9 23.0 14.7 18.7 11.5 5.5 8.4 2.8 1.9 2.4 Nevada 29.5 15.4 22.2 18.5 10.7 14.5 12.4 4.0 8.2 2.8 1.0 1.9 New York 25.3 14.3 19.8 18.6 11.1 14.8 9.6 5.8 7.8 3.3 2.2 2.8 Ohio 30.8 15.2 23.0 23.3 12.0 17.8 15.0 6.0 10.5 3.7 2.2 3.0 Rhode Island 29.9 17.2 23.6 21.2 12.7 17.1 12.9 6.1 9.6 3.9 2.5 3.2 South Carolina 26.6 16.1 21.3 19.0 12.4 15.7 13.2 7.3 10.3 4.2 3.0 3.6 South Dakota 31.7 22.0 26.7 23.7 18.0 20.8 12.1 9.2 10.7 2.5 2.8 2.7 Utah 29.3 16.4 22.8 19.9 14.3 17.2 11.6 5.4 8.6 4.8 2.9 3.9 Vermont 28.8 18.3 23.5 21.6 14.2 17.8 10.1 6.7 8.4 3.3 3.1 3.2 Virgin Islands & 22.2 10.3 16.3 18.2 9.8 14.0 12.2 6.0 9.3 1.6 1.1 1.3 West Virginia 28.5 17.7 23.2 22.7 14.0 18.5 12.0 7.3 9.7 3.6 2.4 3.0 Wisconsin 28.2 20.2 24.1 NA @ NA NA NA NA NA 4.7 3.3 4.0 Wyoming 28.4 16.3 22.4 23.8 14.0 19.0 11.5 5.2 8.4 2.9 1.8 2.3 Unweighted Data California ** 28.3 15.2 22.3 20.3 11.5 16.3 11.6 4.4 8.3 2.5 0.8 1.7 Colorado 29.6 18.6 24.2 23.6 13.9 18.9 15.1 6.0 10.8 4.6 2.3 3.5 Delaware 27.3 16.9 22.5 20.1 14.3 17.5 10.6 8.1 9.6 3.5 3.8 3.6 Florida 30.5 16.7 23.6 23.1 13.1 18.1 12.8 4.7 8.9 3.7 1.5 2.6 New Hampshire 32.7 15.2 24.5 24.9 14.8 20.1 14.0 5.1 9.8 3.3 2.0 2.7 New Jersey 24.8 14.4 19.8 18.3 11.2 14.9 10.2 5.4 7.9 2.8 2.2 2.5 North Carolina 26.8 17.6 22.6 19.5 14.8 17.6 10.7 7.2 9.1 3.9 2.2 3.1 North Dakota 30.1 19.7 24.9 26.1 15.6 20.8 11.6 5.6 8.6 4.2 2.1 3.1 Tennessee 26.8 15.8 21.6 20.9 12.7 17.0 12.7 6.4 9.8 3.8 2.7 3.3 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted Data Boston 23.6 14.2 19.0 20.2 11.7 16.0 12.0 7.1 9.8 5.6 3.2 4.6 Chicago 20.4 14.3 17.7 17.3 11.1 14.5 13.5 10.2 12.1 4.3 4.0 4.2 Dallas 23.6 11.8 17.9 17.3 8.9 13.2 12.2 3.7 8.2 4.2 1.7 3.1 Detroit 21.9 12.3 17.4 15.9 9.4 12.8 13.0 8.6 10.9 4.1 3.3 3.7 District of Columbia 22.4 12.3 17.6 17.0 10.5 13.9 11.8 8.3 10.2 3.6 4.1 3.8 Ft. Lauderdale 26.7 14.2 20.4 19.2 8.9 14.0 11.6 5.7 8.7 3.2 1.9 2.5 Houston 24.1 15.6 20.1 21.4 14.5 18.1 14.9 7.2 11.5 5.0 3.4 4.4 Jersey City 20.7 14.9 17.9 19.3 12.9 16.3 14.5 8.5 11.7 3.1 2.8 3.0 Los Angeles 30.8 14.6 23.2 22.2 12.8 17.7 17.6 6.9 12.6 5.6 2.4 4.1 Miami 24.7 14.9 19.7 18.2 10.6 14.4 13.8 6.7 10.3 3.6 2.6 3.1 New Orleans 18.3 12.2 15.5 14.2 9.9 12.2 11.9 8.3 10.2 4.9 3.5 4.3 New York City 22.5 10.9 16.8 18.3 9.1 13.8 10.6 4.6 7.8 3.5 1.3 2.5 Philadelphia 26.6 14.0 20.4 20.3 11.1 15.7 13.7 7.2 10.5 3.8 3.0 3.4 San Diego 29.3 16.0 22.7 26.9 15.3 21.1 13.9 4.9 9.5 3.9 2.2 3.0 San Francisco 25.1 15.2 20.1 18.1 12.4 15.2 10.7 4.3 7.5 4.3 1.3 2.8 Unweighted Data Baltimore 20.1 11.6 16.5 12.9 8.4 11.0 9.8 4.4 7.6 2.8 2.0 2.6 Newark 22.8 12.3 18.3 17.5 8.3 13.6 13.4 6.1 10.4 4.6 2.2 3.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * During the 12 months preceding the survey. + One or more times. & U.S. territiroies are included as states. @ Not available. ** Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ================================================================================================================================ Return to top. Table_12 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 12. Percentage of high school students who used tobacco, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================== Lifetime cigarette use * Current cigarette use + Frequent cigarette use & Smokeless tobacco use @ ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White ** 70.3 70.4 70.4 39.9 39.6 39.7 20.1 19.8 19.9 1.6 20.6 12.2 (+/-3.3) ++ (+/-2.4) (+/-2.3) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.8) (+/-2.4) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.2) (+/-0.9) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.5) Black ** 66.8 70.1 68.4 17.4 28.2 22.7 4.3 10.1 7.1 1.3 3.2 2.2 (+/-5.2) (+/-4.7) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.9) (+/-5.5) (+/-3.8) (+/-1.8) (+/-3.1) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.1) Hispanic 72.7 76.9 75.0 32.3 35.5 34.0 8.1 13.2 10.9 1.2 8.3 5.1 (+/-3.9) (+/-3.6) (+/-2.7) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.6) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.7) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.0) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.3) Grade 9 69.1 66.5 67.7 32.6 34.2 33.4 11.6 14.5 13.1 2.1 16.6 9.7 (+/-5.5) (+/-5.9) (+/-5.1) (+/-4.9) (+/-7.3) (+/-5.1) (+/-3.4) (+/-6.3) (+/-3.8) (+/-1.7) (+/-5.1) (+/-2.7) 10 68.9 70.8 70.0 35.1 35.6 35.3 14.1 15.7 15.0 0.9 11.6 6.8 (+/-5.1) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.9) (+/-7.8) (+/-2.9) (+/-4.1) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.7) (+/-1.9) (+/-0.6) (+/-3.2) (+/-1.7) 11 67.1 70.2 68.8 31.7 40.7 36.6 17.7 19.9 18.9 2.1 16.5 10.0 (+/-4.5) (+/-3.5) (+/-3.1) (+/-5.2) (+/-4.7) (+/-3.6) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.7) (+/-4.5) (+/-2.5) 12 71.7 75.1 73.7 38.8 40.0 39.6 19.0 19.7 19.4 0.6 18.3 10.5 (+/-4.4) (+/-4.6) (+/-4.1) (+/-6.8) (+/-5.0) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.3) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.1) (+/-0.6) (+/-6.2) (+/-3.6) Total 69.3 70.9 70.2 34.7 37.7 36.4 15.7 17.6 16.7 1.5 15.8 9.3 (+/-2.6) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.9) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.3) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.7) (+/-1.9) (+/-0.7) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.2) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs. + Smoked cigarettes on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Smoked cigarettes on >= 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey. @ Used chewing tobacco or snuff on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. ** Non-Hispanic. ++ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_13 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 13. Percentage of high school students who used tobacco, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 =============================================================================================================================== Lifetime cigarette use * Current cigarette use + Frequent cigarette use & Smokeless tobacco use @ ------------------------ ----------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 71.1 78.7 74.9 32.2 39.5 35.8 14.2 19.4 16.8 1.8 22.1 11.8 American Samoa ** 75.2 70.0 72.9 34.8 36.6 35.5 13.4 22.0 17.2 2.5 9.0 5.3 Arkansas 75.4 76.8 76.1 40.8 45.6 43.2 21.7 24.8 23.3 2.5 24.9 13.8 Connecticut 67.4 67.5 67.5 36.5 34.0 35.2 18.8 16.9 17.9 1.3 10.0 5.7 Guam ** 76.9 81.6 79.1 41.6 48.3 44.7 22.9 24.3 23.5 3.9 8.0 5.9 Hawaii 68.7 66.0 67.4 30.7 27.4 29.2 14.8 14.1 14.5 0.4 6.4 3.4 Iowa 63.3 70.4 66.9 35.4 39.6 37.5 16.6 19.3 18.0 2.8 22.4 12.8 Kentucky 76.3 78.1 77.3 45.3 48.4 47.0 24.8 30.0 27.6 2.3 28.6 15.6 Louisiana 76.4 80.5 78.5 34.6 38.2 36.4 16.5 19.4 18.0 1.8 18.3 10.1 Maine NA++ NA NA 40.8 37.7 39.2 21.5 22.7 22.1 2.2 13.3 7.9 Massachusetts 70.1 68.1 69.1 35.8 33.0 34.4 18.3 18.5 18.4 1.4 10.3 6.0 Michigan 74.1 76.0 75.0 38.2 38.2 38.2 20.1 19.5 19.8 2.0 14.8 8.4 Mississippi 67.1 75.9 71.4 25.4 37.6 31.3 10.5 17.2 13.8 0.6 13.3 6.8 Missouri 73.7 74.3 74.0 40.8 39.7 40.3 23.1 21.4 22.3 1.9 16.2 9.1 Montana 71.5 75.1 73.4 37.3 38.8 38.1 19.7 18.9 19.3 8.4 33.1 21.0 Nevada 69.8 67.4 68.6 30.3 28.3 29.4 14.4 14.5 14.5 2.2 16.3 9.5 New York 68.8 67.3 68.1 33.1 32.7 32.9 14.3 18.2 16.3 0.9 9.3 5.1 Ohio 67.8 70.5 69.2 32.0 36.9 34.5 16.4 19.7 18.2 1.7 18.9 10.4 Rhode Island 68.7 69.4 69.1 35.4 35.3 35.4 18.7 19.8 19.3 1.6 10.4 6.1 South Carolina 74.0 76.2 75.1 36.5 40.6 38.6 15.8 20.6 18.2 1.4 11.8 6.7 South Dakota 72.7 76.7 74.8 43.6 44.3 44.0 24.0 24.7 24.3 6.3 28.8 17.7 Utah 37.7 45.4 41.6 15.0 17.4 16.4 6.1 8.4 7.3 2.9 9.9 6.5 Vermont 71.3 74.1 72.7 38.8 37.8 38.3 19.8 22.1 21.0 2.5 12.8 7.8 Virgin Islands ** 34.6 41.7 38.1 6.3 6.2 6.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 West Virginia 73.7 77.2 75.4 41.3 42.4 41.9 23.4 24.8 24.1 1.3 31.0 15.8 Wisconsin NA NA NA 31.7 39.8 36.0 15.7 22.7 19.5 3.2 19.0 11.4 Wyoming 70.6 77.6 74.1 36.7 38.1 37.4 20.2 20.3 20.3 9.7 34.7 22.5 Unweighted data California && 62.1 67.4 64.5 24.8 28.6 26.6 6.5 10.9 8.5 1.3 7.5 4.2 Colorado 67.3 69.6 68.4 38.1 35.2 36.6 19.9 18.6 19.2 2.9 23.2 12.7 Delaware 74.1 73.6 73.9 34.0 36.1 35.0 18.7 19.2 18.9 1.7 11.9 6.7 Florida 69.2 70.9 70.1 34.4 32.8 33.6 15.1 16.3 15.7 2.2 15.8 8.8 New Hampshire 70.9 67.1 69.1 42.5 36.3 39.6 23.8 18.8 21.5 2.0 12.9 7.2 New Jersey 70.6 69.4 70.1 38.8 36.7 37.9 19.2 19.4 19.3 1.5 9.7 5.4 North Carolina NA NA NA 34.1 37.6 35.8 14.8 19.4 16.9 1.6 14.3 7.4 North Dakota NA NA NA 46.8 43.2 45.0 21.0 19.5 20.2 NA NA NA Tennessee 72.2 76.5 74.1 38.0 39.6 38.6 20.6 22.3 21.3 3.0 27.0 14.2 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 60.8 63.0 62.0 19.6 18.3 19.0 8.7 7.0 7.9 1.1 4.6 3.2 Chicago 68.1 73.3 70.5 26.2 27.4 26.8 5.5 9.8 7.6 1.5 4.5 2.9 Dallas 64.6 71.0 67.7 18.0 27.3 22.5 4.4 7.3 5.8 0.7 4.2 2.4 Detroit 68.0 69.2 68.5 19.8 24.3 21.8 4.3 9.9 6.9 0.7 2.5 1.5 District of Columbia 67.6 68.7 68.2 21.3 24.3 22.7 5.4 11.6 8.4 1.4 5.1 3.2 Ft. Lauderdale 62.2 61.2 61.7 24.7 25.3 25.0 10.2 11.4 10.8 0.8 8.3 4.6 Houston 66.9 74.3 70.3 22.2 37.3 29.1 3.2 12.6 7.5 2.1 7.3 4.5 Jersey City 70.3 69.3 69.9 28.0 30.7 29.4 11.8 11.8 11.9 2.3 5.4 3.9 Los Angeles 68.0 72.0 69.8 25.5 27.5 26.5 6.3 6.6 6.4 1.7 2.9 2.3 Miami 60.2 65.7 63.1 22.9 27.0 25.0 7.9 10.9 9.5 1.3 3.4 2.4 New Orleans 62.5 69.8 65.9 18.1 27.7 22.6 4.2 9.6 6.7 2.0 4.4 3.2 New York City 63.5 56.1 59.9 23.9 22.8 23.4 8.6 10.8 9.7 0.5 2.6 1.6 Philadelphia 71.5 70.0 70.7 26.4 30.6 28.5 12.2 15.3 13.7 0.7 3.0 1.8 San Diego 69.2 72.2 70.8 23.0 25.5 24.2 6.5 8.7 7.6 1.6 3.4 2.5 San Francisco 54.4 63.8 59.2 17.8 20.2 19.1 5.7 8.1 6.9 0.8 3.2 2.0 Unweighted data Baltimore 60.1 63.2 61.5 16.1 23.0 19.2 6.0 10.3 8.1 0.5 3.6 2.0 Newark 71.8 70.8 71.4 23.7 25.4 24.4 7.1 11.7 9.1 0.3 1.5 0.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs. + Smoked cigarettes on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Smoked cigarettes on >= 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey. @ Used chewing tobacco or snuff during the 30 days preceding the survey. ** U.S. territories are included as states. ++ Not available. && Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. =============================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_14 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 14. Percentage of high school students <18 years of age who were current cigarette smokers * and reported having purchased cigarettes + without being asked to show proof of age, & by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =============================================================================================== Purchased cigarettes at a Were not asked to show proof of age store or gas station when purchasing cigarettes ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White @ 27.1 33.7 30.8 72.1 61.5 65.7 (+/-8.8) ** (+/-4.1) (+/-5.4) (+/-7.9) (+/-6.1) (+/-6.2) Black @ 24.9 38.8 32.6 81.9 68.5 73.3 (+/-7.7) (+/-9.2) (+/-6.6) (+/-8.7) (+/-8.6) (+/-7.6) Hispanic 16.8 30.3 24.1 59.8 69.1 66.2 (+/-6.4) (+/-11.0) (+/-6.7) (+/-16.1) (+/-10.2) (+/-7.7) Grade 9 10.8 23.7 17.8 82.4 83.0 82.8 (+/-6.9) (+/-5.2) (+/-5.3) (+/-8.3) (+/-9.0) (+/-7.9) 10 21.2 29.5 25.7 77.4 69.1 72.1 (+/-5.3) (+/-5.5) (+/-4.9) (+/-9.1) (+/-8.0) (+/-6.3) 11 33.7 38.8 36.7 69.2 54.6 59.8 (+/-9.3) (+/-6.0) (+/-4.8) (+/-11.8) (+/-10.6) (+/-8.0) 12 44.9 42.1 43.5 59.7 50.8 54.9 (+/-13.1) (+/-12.5) (+/-9.7) (+/-19.3) (+/-14.2) (+/-14.3) Total 26.0 32.8 29.8 71.6 63.6 66.7 (+/-7.1) (+/-4.6) (+/-4.8) (+/-6.2) (+/-4.8) (+/-4.8) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Smoked cigarettes on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + Purchased cigarettes at a store or gas station during the 30 days preceding the survey. & Among those who purchased cigarettes at a store or gas station during the 30 days preceding the survey. @ Non-Hispanic. ** Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =============================================================================================== Return to top. Table_15 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 15. Percentage of high school students <18 years of age who were current cigarette smokers * and reported having purchased cigarettes + without being asked to show proof of age, & by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ============================================================================================================ Purchased cigarettes at Were not asked to show proof of age a store or gas station when purchasing cigarettes ----------------------- ----------------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 24.1 36.1 30.5 79.8 74.2 76.3 American Samoa @ 17.9 29.4 22.7 70.4 60.3 65.4 Arkansas 17.4 31.0 24.5 63.8 61.6 62.3 Connecticut 33.1 41.1 36.6 60.9 56.3 58.5 Guam @ NA** NA 33.8 NA NA NA Hawaii 18.2 31.5 24.9 NA NA 65.0 Iowa 8.6 15.0 11.9 NA NA 62.8 Kentucky 16.1 24.9 20.5 NA 55.1 56.0 Louisiana 22.8 37.5 30.2 77.9 61.4 68.3 Maine 9.8 19.2 14.7 NA NA 61.0 Massachusetts 21.3 30.1 25.5 NA NA NA Michigan 23.4 33.8 28.4 67.3 63.6 64.6 Mississippi 16.4 26.5 22.0 NA 63.7 67.5 Missouri 19.9 27.4 23.4 63.5 61.1 62.3 Montana 10.1 18.0 14.0 NA 57.3 62.1 Nevada 8.2 17.2 12.4 NA NA 52.4 New York 29.9 38.4 34.0 64.8 55.7 60.1 Ohio 25.5 31.0 28.2 72.0 62.6 66.8 Rhode Island 27.6 30.4 29.0 61.2 59.8 60.4 South Carolina NA NA NA NA NA NA South Dakota 8.4 14.4 11.4 NA NA 68.2 Utah NA 15.9 10.5 NA NA NA Vermont 7.9 15.5 11.6 62.9 59.1 60.3 Virgin Islands @ NA NA NA NA NA NA West Virginia 14.9 27.4 20.7 70.1 64.6 66.8 Wisconsin 15.2 23.6 19.8 NA NA 67.9 Wyoming 11.6 20.3 15.9 NA 48.8 54.4 Unweighted data California ++ 14.1 26.0 19.8 NA 64.6 64.7 Colorado 10.5 26.1 17.7 NA NA 65.0 Delaware 20.7 30.8 25.7 62.1 59.4 60.8 Florida 13.5 21.1 17.2 60.8 56.7 58.2 New Hampshire 19.4 26.9 22.5 71.2 63.0 66.8 New Jersey 27.6 33.6 30.4 62.1 59.4 61.0 North Carolina 17.2 27.9 22.9 70.7 62.4 65.9 North Dakota 9.2 18.7 13.8 NA NA NA Tennessee 19.0 28.6 23.6 71.8 59.7 65.5 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 35.4 35.5 34.9 NA NA NA Chicago 24.4 37.1 30.0 72.9 61.2 66.8 Dallas 15.7 31.2 24.6 NA NA 69.2 Detroit 30.7 41.7 36.3 76.6 70.7 73.6 District of Columbia 32.8 39.2 36.3 NA NA 67.0 Ft. Lauderdale 22.3 27.4 24.9 NA NA 60.4 Houston 15.4 25.8 20.9 NA NA 68.1 Jersey City 50.0 46.2 47.9 74.7 69.0 71.6 Los Angeles 14.7 20.5 17.6 NA NA 63.2 Miami 24.4 28.8 26.7 NA 50.8 55.1 New Orleans 24.0 35.5 29.7 83.3 66.6 74.0 New York City 44.3 51.3 47.7 69.5 64.0 67.1 Philadelphia 47.8 44.6 46.2 69.0 68.2 68.7 San Diego 17.4 19.6 18.6 NA 61.7 58.2 San Francisco 23.6 29.8 26.8 NA NA 57.9 Unweighted data Baltimore NA NA 30.0 NA NA 72.1 Newark 49.3 54.0 51.4 87.0 70.8 80.4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Smoked cigarettes on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + Purchased cigarettes at a store or gas station during the 30 days preceding the survey. & Among those who purchased cigarettes in a store or gas station during the 30 days preceding the survey. @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Not available. ++ Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ============================================================================================================ Return to top. Table_16 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 16. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol or used marijuana, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ============================================================================================================================================================================================== Lifetime alcohol use * Current alcohol use + Episodic heavy drinking & Lifetime marijuana use @ Current marijuana use ** -------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White ++ 79.9 82.4 81.3 51.6 56.0 54.0 32.9 41.6 37.7 41.9 48.3 45.4 21.2 28.0 25.0 (+/-2.9)&& (+/-2.0) (+/-2.1) (+/-4.8) (+/-2.8) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.3) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.9) (+/-2.8) (+/-3.6) (+/-3.1) Black ++ 73.8 72.2 73.0 34.9 39.2 36.9 11.5 21.0 16.1 45.4 59.3 52.2 21.4 35.6 28.2 (+/-3.4) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.4) (+/-3.5) (+/-4.5) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.8) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.0) (+/-4.4) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.6) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.3) Hispanic 82.1 83.9 83.1 50.7 56.7 53.9 28.8 40.0 34.9 43.2 54.7 49.5 23.3 33.1 28.6 (+/-3.8) (+/-3.6) (+/-2.3) (+/-3.9) (+/-6.5) (+/-3.8) (+/-4.2) (+/-6.1) (+/-3.4) (+/-5.5) (+/-6.1) (+/-4.9) (+/-4.4) (+/-4.9) (+/-4.0) Grade 9 73.6 70.5 72.0 43.7 44.7 44.2 25.8 25.5 25.7 36.1 41.3 38.8 20.1 26.8 23.6 (+/-5.0) (+/-5.6) (+/-4.9) (+/-6.6) (+/-7.4) (+/-6.1) (+/-4.9) (+/-5.6) (+/-4.0) (+/-6.2) (+/-5.5) (+/-4.5) (+/-4.3) (+/-5.3) (+/-3.8) 10 76.9 77.9 77.4 45.3 48.7 47.2 26.3 32.7 29.9 43.3 48.1 45.9 20.9 28.5 25.0 (+/-5.7) (+/-3.5) (+/-4.0) (+/-7.5) (+/-3.9) (+/-4.3) (+/-7.2) (+/-2.9) (+/-3.7) (+/-6.0) (+/-4.9) (+/-4.7) (+/-4.7) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.5) 11 80.1 83.4 81.9 47.8 57.8 53.2 28.2 45.2 37.5 43.8 55.6 50.3 22.9 34.7 29.3 (+/-2.7) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.6) (+/-6.2) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.9) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.5) (+/-2.9) (+/-5.0) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.8) (+/-4.5) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.6) 12 82.3 85.3 84.0 53.7 60.2 57.3 33.6 44.0 39.3 47.7 56.1 52.4 21.9 30.3 26.6 (+/-3.4) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.6) (+/-5.5) (+/-5.6) (+/-4.9) (+/-5.0) (+/-5.6) (+/-4.6) (+/-6.8) (+/-5.9) (+/-5.1) (+/-5.1) (+/-5.8) (+/-4.1) Total 78.4 79.7 79.1 47.8 53.3 50.8 28.6 37.3 33.4 42.9 50.7 47.1 21.4 30.2 26.2 (+/-2.2) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.0) (+/-3.9) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.1) (+/-3.6) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Ever had at least one drink of alcohol. + Drank alcohol on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Drank five or more drinks of alcohol on at least one occasion on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. @ Ever used marijuana. ** Used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. ++ Non-Hispanic. && Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ============================================================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_17 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 17. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol or used marijuana, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================== Lifetime alcohol use * Current alcohol use + Episodic heavy drinking & Lifetime marijuana use @ Current marijuana use ** ---------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 73.9 76.0 75.1 43.8 49.4 46.7 24.4 32.6 28.5 34.1 45.3 39.8 17.0 26.6 21.8 American Samoa ++ 50.9 57.9 53.9 27.1 34.3 30.1 16.4 23.9 19.6 17.3 35.2 25.1 8.7 20.7 13.9 Arkansas 77.9 80.6 79.3 45.8 54.3 50.1 26.3 39.7 33.1 42.0 50.4 46.3 23.6 31.5 27.6 Connecticut 77.2 78.9 78.1 51.3 54.1 52.6 27.9 34.5 31.2 42.6 46.9 44.9 24.0 27.5 25.8 Guam ++ 72.3 76.3 74.1 37.9 46.9 42.0 17.7 29.2 22.9 43.0 54.3 48.3 18.0 38.6 27.8 Hawaii 73.5 71.5 72.5 38.8 41.5 40.3 20.6 29.1 25.1 43.6 48.9 46.4 21.6 27.0 24.3 Iowa 79.2 80.5 79.9 48.6 55.7 52.1 32.0 42.9 37.5 30.3 38.4 34.5 13.7 21.2 17.5 Kentucky 76.6 79.9 78.4 44.5 53.8 49.3 30.4 43.4 37.1 44.0 51.9 48.1 23.3 33.5 28.6 Louisiana 84.2 82.6 83.5 53.2 56.7 54.9 27.4 37.9 32.7 37.7 49.9 43.8 19.8 29.4 24.6 Maine NA&& NA NA 49.6 53.0 51.3 30.5 36.8 33.8 48.4 52.8 50.7 27.3 33.2 30.4 Massachusetts 78.8 79.7 79.2 51.8 55.3 53.5 29.4 35.8 32.7 49.6 52.2 50.9 27.5 34.2 30.9 Michigan 81.4 82.3 81.9 48.7 52.2 50.5 29.2 35.7 32.4 44.8 51.4 48.1 24.1 32.2 28.2 Mississippi 76.4 81.2 78.7 43.3 49.9 46.4 19.2 28.9 23.9 33.3 48.6 40.7 14.3 28.7 21.3 Missouri 81.4 75.2 78.3 53.0 49.8 51.4 37.4 38.2 37.9 46.7 45.9 46.3 26.9 29.4 28.2 Montana 84.6 83.9 84.3 57.5 60.4 59.0 40.4 47.6 44.1 41.8 48.3 45.1 23.2 30.3 26.9 Nevada 79.7 79.0 79.3 50.5 49.2 49.9 30.2 33.7 32.0 45.8 46.6 46.2 23.7 25.9 24.8 New York 75.5 77.9 76.7 45.4 50.9 48.2 24.3 33.5 28.9 37.9 44.3 41.1 18.0 27.7 22.9 Ohio 76.3 77.2 76.7 44.3 48.4 46.3 27.1 33.6 30.3 40.0 47.9 44.2 20.2 28.8 24.6 Rhode Island 78.1 78.1 78.1 50.9 53.7 52.2 28.2 36.2 32.2 43.1 50.9 47.0 26.0 31.3 28.7 South Carolina 76.0 74.5 75.2 44.1 46.5 45.3 20.8 28.8 24.8 39.8 49.7 44.7 21.5 31.4 26.5 South Dakota 82.7 82.4 82.6 58.2 62.2 60.2 40.5 49.9 45.2 34.2 36.4 35.3 17.9 21.9 19.9 Utah 39.1 43.0 41.3 23.2 25.1 24.3 14.3 18.1 16.5 23.3 25.9 24.8 10.8 13.5 12.3 Vermont NA NA NA 52.8 56.8 54.9 30.9 39.5 35.3 NA NA NA 31.3 39.0 35.3 Virgin Islands ++ 64.6 74.7 69.4 37.3 34.5 36.0 9.3 12.2 10.7 25.3 43.2 34.0 8.8 20.9 14.7 West Virginia 79.8 82.8 81.2 44.6 58.9 51.5 31.8 46.0 38.7 43.7 52.0 47.7 24.0 33.3 28.5 Wisconsin NA NA NA 46.3 54.7 50.5 26.1 35.9 31.0 31.2 39.6 35.5 17.4 24.3 20.9 Wyoming 78.0 83.4 80.7 51.9 58.1 55.0 37.0 44.0 40.6 39.6 45.7 42.8 19.4 27.1 23.4 Unweighted data California @@ 74.6 76.5 75.4 45.5 49.0 47.0 24.5 31.3 27.5 43.1 51.0 46.6 22.7 30.2 26.1 Colorado 77.9 78.2 78.1 51.8 56.1 54.0 33.2 41.6 37.4 43.5 48.9 46.1 25.2 30.7 27.9 Delaware 79.0 75.6 77.4 46.9 46.6 46.7 24.5 29.8 27.0 47.8 50.7 49.1 25.6 32.0 28.7 Florida 79.7 77.5 78.6 49.2 51.9 50.6 26.2 32.3 29.2 42.8 48.4 45.5 21.2 27.3 24.2 New Hampshire 82.0 80.7 81.4 54.2 54.7 54.5 30.5 41.0 35.5 50.9 53.1 51.9 30.3 33.9 32.0 New Jersey 79.5 79.1 79.2 52.5 53.0 52.7 26.4 33.8 29.9 38.2 44.0 41.0 20.0 26.5 23.1 North Carolina 72.9 75.8 74.3 39.6 46.1 42.7 18.1 28.2 22.9 38.2 48.6 43.0 20.9 29.7 24.9 North Dakota NA NA NA 62.5 59.7 61.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA 19.8 19.9 19.8 Tennessee 76.1 73.7 74.8 43.4 47.1 45.0 24.3 33.4 28.6 43.9 48.5 45.9 23.8 31.8 27.5 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 63.1 71.2 67.0 35.9 44.7 40.1 14.9 21.4 18.2 36.9 47.7 42.2 18.4 28.3 23.2 Chicago 72.2 70.3 71.2 36.5 37.3 36.9 16.6 24.1 19.9 40.8 49.6 44.7 20.6 27.1 23.6 Dallas 80.3 74.3 77.4 42.7 43.1 42.9 18.0 23.2 20.6 39.6 51.1 45.3 16.9 32.1 24.5 Detroit 72.2 69.9 71.2 35.4 34.6 35.0 12.4 18.1 14.9 44.5 52.7 48.2 21.2 29.3 24.8 District of Columbia 71.8 70.0 70.8 36.5 38.9 37.7 14.0 22.5 18.3 47.6 55.7 51.5 25.6 33.5 29.3 Ft. Lauderdale 73.3 74.3 73.8 41.6 46.4 44.0 18.4 26.8 22.6 36.2 43.0 39.6 15.6 22.4 19.0 Houston 76.0 77.8 76.8 42.1 48.5 44.9 19.3 29.6 24.0 32.2 53.1 41.8 12.4 32.8 21.8 Jersey City 71.2 70.6 70.9 36.4 43.0 39.4 19.2 27.0 22.8 32.7 39.7 36.1 17.8 22.3 19.9 Los Angeles 78.7 77.5 78.2 46.9 46.2 46.6 24.6 28.2 26.4 42.6 49.4 45.7 23.3 27.7 25.4 Miami 71.9 73.1 72.5 40.0 44.2 42.2 17.4 25.9 21.7 29.1 40.7 34.9 13.1 22.6 17.9 New Orleans 77.2 73.8 75.6 49.6 47.6 48.7 15.9 22.1 18.8 40.4 53.9 46.7 22.6 34.6 28.1 New York City 71.7 69.2 70.4 37.4 42.1 39.7 14.4 22.6 18.4 28.5 34.1 31.2 12.0 19.4 15.7 Philadelphia 71.1 70.4 70.6 36.6 36.1 36.3 15.2 20.6 17.8 43.8 49.4 46.5 21.1 27.5 24.3 San Diego 75.0 77.2 76.1 45.5 48.8 47.1 23.9 30.2 27.1 46.3 52.9 49.6 23.0 29.7 26.4 San Francisco 56.7 61.7 59.2 27.0 27.9 27.5 11.1 14.0 12.6 30.2 35.6 33.0 13.5 20.4 17.1 Unweighted data Baltimore 73.5 72.4 73.2 35.1 43.2 38.7 15.0 20.6 17.5 42.9 57.3 49.2 19.3 31.7 24.7 Newark 73.3 77.2 74.9 39.9 47.1 42.9 16.1 25.0 19.8 37.4 48.4 42.1 17.7 27.2 21.7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Ever had at least one drink of alcohol. + Drank alcohol on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Drank five or more drinks of alcohol on at least one occasion on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. @ Ever used marijuana. ** Used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. ++ U.S. territories are included as states. && Not available. @@ Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. =========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_18 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 18. Percentage of high school students who used cocaine, "crack," or "freebase," by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ========================================================================================================================== Lifetime "crack" or Lifetime cocaine use * Current cocaine use + "freebase" use & -------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Race/Ethnicity White @ 7.5 8.5 8.0 2.3 3.7 3.1 4.3 4.7 4.5 (+/-1.7)** (+/-1.7) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.9) (+/-0.7) (+/-0.4) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.2) (+/-0.7) Black @ 1.0 2.9 1.9 0.2 1.2 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2 (+/-1.0) (+/-1.3) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.2) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.3) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.8) Hispanic 12.5 16.1 14.4 5.3 6.9 6.2 7.7 8.2 8.0 (+/-4.0) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.6) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.4) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.3) Grade 9 6.8 6.6 6.7 3.6 4.1 3.9 4.5 5.7 5.1 (+/-2.7) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.9) (+/-2.6) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.0) 10 6.3 8.5 7.5 1.5 3.6 2.6 4.4 4.2 4.3 (+/-2.8) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.4) (+/-0.8) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.6) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.1) 11 7.9 10.1 9.1 2.2 3.7 3.1 3.9 5.6 4.8 (+/-2.3) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.7) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.4) 12 7.6 10.5 9.2 2.2 4.5 3.5 4.0 5.2 4.7 (+/-1.7) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.1) Total 7.2 9.1 8.2 2.4 4.0 3.3 4.2 5.2 4.7 (+/-1.5) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.7) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.5) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.0) (+/-0.8) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Ever tried any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, "crack," or "freebase"). + Used cocaine one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. & Ever used "crack" or "freebase." @ Non-Hispanic. ** Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ========================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_19 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 19. Percentage of high school students who used cocaine, "crack," or "freebase," by sex --selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 =================================================================================================================== Lifetime cocaine use * Current cocaine use + Lifetime "crack" or "freebase" use & ---------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------------------ Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 4.7 7.7 6.3 2.1 2.9 2.6 3.0 5.6 4.4 American Samoa @ 5.1 7.5 6.1 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.8 3.9 Arkansas 7.9 9.1 8.5 3.1 4.9 4.0 5.2 6.2 5.7 Connecticut 4.3 6.4 5.3 1.9 3.3 2.6 3.0 3.9 3.4 Guam @ 6.2 6.8 6.5 4.5 5.3 4.9 3.6 5.2 4.3 Hawaii 6.6 8.2 7.4 2.8 2.8 2.8 4.9 5.9 5.4 Iowa 5.0 8.3 6.7 1.7 5.2 3.5 3.9 4.2 4.1 Kentucky 6.3 9.8 8.3 3.2 5.2 4.4 3.9 6.7 5.6 Louisiana 4.5 6.9 5.7 1.5 3.3 2.5 2.9 4.2 3.6 Maine 7.0 9.7 8.5 2.8 3.6 3.2 NA** NA NA Massachusetts 5.9 7.9 7.0 2.0 3.8 3.0 3.1 4.3 3.7 Michigan 5.6 9.1 7.4 1.9 5.0 3.5 3.7 5.4 4.6 Mississippi 2.9 5.5 4.1 0.6 3.4 2.0 1.3 4.0 2.6 Missouri 9.0 9.3 9.3 4.3 5.7 5.1 4.5 5.4 5.1 Montana 8.6 10.3 9.6 3.5 4.7 4.1 6.1 7.0 6.6 Nevada 14.2 11.6 12.8 5.3 5.8 5.5 8.7 6.9 7.8 New York 3.7 7.5 5.7 1.1 2.8 2.0 1.7 4.4 3.0 Ohio 4.6 8.0 6.4 2.2 4.2 3.2 3.4 5.9 4.6 Rhode Island 4.3 9.9 7.0 2.4 5.3 3.8 2.9 6.8 4.8 South Carolina 4.7 6.1 5.4 2.0 2.6 2.4 2.9 3.7 3.3 South Dakota 8.5 9.5 9.0 3.1 5.6 4.3 6.3 6.5 6.4 Utah 4.3 5.5 5.1 2.5 3.5 3.2 3.5 5.0 4.5 Vermont 8.1 12.5 10.5 3.0 6.7 4.9 NA NA NA Virgin Islands @ 0.2 0.7 0.5 NA 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 West Virginia 7.8 11.3 9.5 2.6 5.4 3.9 5.3 7.3 6.2 Wisconsin 4.6 8.6 6.6 2.0 4.6 3.3 2.3 6.2 4.3 Wyoming 9.8 12.7 11.4 4.5 7.0 5.8 8.3 8.6 8.4 Unweighted data California ++ 10.3 10.9 10.6 3.4 4.7 4.0 6.4 7.8 7.1 Colorado 13.8 10.7 12.3 4.1 5.4 4.7 8.7 6.0 7.4 Delaware 6.5 9.9 8.2 2.8 5.3 4.0 2.8 6.4 4.5 Florida 7.2 9.2 8.1 3.0 4.2 3.6 3.3 5.0 4.1 New Hampshire 8.9 10.6 9.7 2.1 5.1 3.5 5.3 6.4 5.8 New Jersey 6.1 7.4 6.8 2.0 3.6 2.8 2.6 4.2 3.3 North Carolina 4.9 8.3 6.5 2.0 4.0 3.0 NA NA NA North Dakota NA NA NA 2.8 4.7 3.8 NA NA NA Tennessee 5.6 8.4 6.9 1.9 4.6 3.1 4.1 5.2 4.6 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 1.9 3.8 3.0 0.6 2.8 1.8 0.9 2.5 1.7 Chicago 3.4 7.2 5.1 2.1 4.6 3.2 2.6 3.5 3.0 Dallas 6.5 9.1 7.8 1.9 5.6 3.8 3.1 4.1 3.6 Detroit 0.8 2.1 1.4 0.6 2.2 1.3 0.6 2.3 1.4 District of Columbia 1.3 5.6 3.5 0.6 4.6 2.6 0.6 4.7 2.7 Ft. Lauderdale 6.3 6.5 6.4 2.3 3.2 2.8 1.7 3.8 2.7 Houston 6.3 9.8 7.8 2.0 4.6 3.1 3.1 4.8 3.9 Jersey City 1.8 3.9 2.8 1.2 2.5 1.8 1.4 3.5 2.4 Los Angeles 12.4 11.9 12.3 3.0 4.8 3.9 8.3 7.8 8.1 Miami 5.9 11.7 8.9 2.3 6.5 4.4 2.3 5.8 4.1 New Orleans 2.5 5.1 3.7 1.1 2.6 1.8 1.6 2.4 2.0 New York City 2.4 4.3 3.3 1.0 2.4 1.7 1.2 2.7 2.0 Philadelphia 2.3 4.2 3.2 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.1 2.4 1.7 San Diego 10.5 9.3 9.9 4.1 4.0 4.0 5.9 5.0 5.4 San Francisco 4.4 7.1 5.7 1.4 2.0 1.7 2.7 4.0 3.3 Unweighted data Baltimore 1.8 2.2 2.0 0.4 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.7 1.5 Newark 0.4 2.0 1.1 0.1 1.2 0.6 0.3 1.6 0.9 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Ever tried any form of cocaine, including powder, "crack," and "freebase." + Used cocaine one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. & Ever used "crack" or "freebase." @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Not available. ++ Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. =================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_20 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 20. Percentage of high school students who used illegal steroids, * injected illegal drugs, + used other illegal drugs, & and sniffed or inhaled intoxicating substances, @ by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ================================================================================================================================================================ Sniffed or inhaled intoxicating Lifetime illegal steroid use Lifetime injected illegal drug use Lifetime use of other illegal drugs substances -------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White ** 2.0 3.9 3.1 1.3 2.2 1.8 17.5 20.4 19.1 15.6 20.0 18.0 (+/-0.9)++ (+/-0.8) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.5) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.4) Black ** 0.7 2.3 1.5 0.4 1.6 1.0 2.1 4.8 3.4 6.1 7.2 6.6 (+/-0.4) (+/-0.9) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.5) (+/-1.4) (+/-0.7) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.3) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.4) Hispanic 2.8 3.9 3.4 1.3 2.9 2.2 14.5 20.0 17.5 17.0 17.7 17.4 (+/-1.4) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.0) (+/-0.6) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.2) (+/-2.9) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.3) Grade 9 3.9 4.7 4.3 2.5 3.3 3.0 12.4 13.9 13.2 19.9 18.2 19.0 (+/-2.8) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.7) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.8) (+/-4.4) (+/-4.0) (+/-3.0) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.4) 10 1.7 4.1 3.0 2.2 2.7 2.5 15.1 17.2 16.2 16.1 16.9 16.5 (+/-1.0) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.3) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.6) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.2) 11 0.9 4.2 2.7 0.7 2.4 1.6 18.3 19.9 19.2 11.2 18.9 15.4 (+/-0.6) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.9) (+/-0.7) (+/-1.2) (+/-0.7) (+/-4.2) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.6) (+/-4.3) (+/-2.5) 12 1.4 3.3 2.5 0.8 2.0 1.5 15.6 21.7 19.0 9.5 16.5 13.4 (+/-1.0) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.4) (+/-1.3) (+/-0.8) (+/-5.0) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.4) Total 2.0 4.1 3.1 1.5 2.6 2.1 15.4 18.4 17.0 14.1 17.6 16.0 (+/-0.8) (+/-0.7) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.5) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.3) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Ever used illegal steroids. + Ever injected illegal drugs. Respondents were classified as injecting-drug users only if they a) reported injecting-drug use not prescribed by a physician and b) answered "one or more" to any of these questions: "During your life, how many times have you used any form of cocaine including powder, crack, or freebase?" "During your life, how many times have you used any other type of illegal drug such as LSD, PCP, ecstasy, mushrooms, speed, ice, heroin, or pills without a doctor's prescription?" Or, "During your life, how many times have you taken steroid pills or shots without a doctor's prescription?" & Ever used any other type of illegal drug, (e.g., LSD {lysergic acid diethylamide}, PCP {phencyclidine}, "ecstasy" {methylenedioxymethamphetamine}, mushrooms, "speed" {a stimulant, especially an amphetamine}, "ice" {methamphetamine}, or heroin). @ Ever sniffed glue or breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans or inhaled any paint sprays to become intoxicated. ** Non-Hispanic. ++ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ================================================================================================================================================================ Return to top. Table_21 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 21. Percentage of high school students who used illegal steroids, * injected illegal drugs, + used other illegal drugs, & and sniffed or inhaled intoxicating substances, @ by sex -- selected sites, United States, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ======================================================================================================================================== Lifetime use of other Sniffed or inhaled Lifetime illegal steroid use Lifetime injected drug use illegal drugs intoxicating substances ---------------------------- -------------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 2.8 6.8 4.9 1.9 5.0 3.5 12.3 15.3 13.9 17.8 20.9 19.4 American Samoa ** 4.3 5.4 4.8 1.8 2.4 2.1 4.3 8.5 6.2 15.8 18.6 17.1 Arkansas 4.3 6.1 5.2 1.6 2.6 2.1 13.9 17.4 15.6 21.2 19.8 20.4 Connecticut 2.1 3.6 2.8 1.1 1.9 1.5 12.7 17.5 15.0 18.4 20.0 19.1 Guam ** 3.6 4.3 3.9 1.3 2.9 2.1 16.1 18.5 17.2 17.8 18.5 18.2 Hawaii 1.4 2.8 2.1 0.4 1.1 0.8 13.6 15.5 14.5 16.0 15.7 15.7 Iowa 1.5 3.7 2.6 1.1 2.7 1.9 13.2 13.8 13.5 14.8 18.9 16.9 Kentucky 4.6 7.2 6.1 1.4 3.3 2.6 14.2 20.8 17.7 22.5 26.5 24.7 Louisiana 3.3 7.4 5.4 1.3 4.3 2.8 10.9 15.7 13.3 16.2 18.5 17.4 Maine 2.6 7.2 4.9 2.0 3.6 2.8 19.0 21.5 20.4 18.3 20.4 19.3 Massachusetts 2.6 5.4 4.2 1.1 2.9 2.0 NA++ NA NA 16.4 18.0 17.3 Michigan 3.6 6.7 5.4 1.9 3.8 2.9 17.7 21.5 19.7 19.5 23.4 21.6 Mississippi 2.6 5.1 3.8 1.4 3.7 2.5 7.8 9.6 8.7 17.4 15.9 16.6 Missouri 2.9 4.9 3.9 1.9 3.7 2.8 16.3 18.0 17.3 16.8 17.9 17.4 Montana 2.8 5.6 4.2 1.8 3.8 2.8 19.9 20.5 20.3 21.1 20.6 20.8 Nevada 2.5 4.2 3.4 1.9 2.7 2.3 21.3 18.8 19.9 20.6 19.8 20.2 New York 1.6 3.6 2.7 0.9 2.3 1.6 11.0 16.6 13.8 15.0 18.7 16.9 Ohio 3.4 5.5 4.4 2.0 3.0 2.5 12.8 15.2 14.1 17.6 20.2 19.0 Rhode Island 3.9 7.7 5.8 1.3 3.5 2.5 14.7 20.2 17.4 19.2 22.2 20.7 South Carolina 3.2 5.3 4.3 1.2 2.4 1.9 NA NA NA 16.6 17.6 17.1 South Dakota 2.5 4.5 3.5 2.0 4.2 3.1 13.6 16.1 14.8 18.6 17.1 17.8 Utah 3.2 4.6 4.2 1.9 3.7 3.0 11.2 13.3 12.4 16.3 17.0 17.0 Vermont 3.4 7.8 5.8 2.5 5.7 4.2 21.2 26.6 24.1 20.8 24.0 22.5 Virgin Islands ** NA 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.9 9.0 5.8 7.4 West Virginia 4.8 8.8 6.7 2.2 4.6 3.4 20.9 26.3 23.5 26.4 30.6 28.4 Wisconsin 2.4 4.7 3.7 1.2 2.2 1.7 NA NA NA 15.5 16.6 16.0 Wyoming 4.1 7.7 6.1 3.2 4.1 3.8 17.8 21.0 19.4 25.2 26.3 25.7 Unweighted data California && 2.4 3.8 3.0 1.4 2.1 1.7 15.2 19.3 17.1 14.3 16.8 15.4 Colorado 3.9 4.9 4.5 2.4 3.5 3.0 25.3 24.9 25.1 20.1 20.2 20.1 Delaware 3.1 6.6 4.9 2.4 4.8 3.7 16.0 21.4 18.8 14.1 18.3 16.3 Florida 2.8 5.7 4.2 1.3 3.3 2.3 18.0 19.6 18.8 17.5 19.2 18.3 New Hampshire 4.4 6.6 5.4 1.7 4.1 2.8 24.9 28.1 26.4 24.7 24.5 24.7 New Jersey 1.5 4.3 2.9 0.3 2.5 1.4 12.6 17.6 15.0 17.6 20.9 19.2 North Carolina 1.9 6.2 4.0 1.7 3.6 2.6 NA NA NA 16.9 18.4 17.7 North Dakota 3.1 3.6 3.4 2.4 3.7 3.0 8.8 14.2 11.5 NA NA NA Tennessee 5.2 7.5 6.3 1.9 4.5 3.1 11.9 18.4 15.0 20.8 23.3 21.9 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 2.7 5.2 4.3 0.9 2.5 1.8 NA NA NA 6.0 7.5 7.0 Chicago 3.0 5.5 4.2 1.4 3.5 2.4 4.5 10.0 7.0 11.9 14.0 13.0 Dallas 2.3 2.5 2.5 1.0 1.6 1.3 5.5 11.0 8.2 17.5 15.8 16.7 Detroit 1.3 3.4 2.3 0.7 3.3 1.9 1.8 4.3 3.0 7.3 7.9 7.6 District of Columbia 1.2 5.8 3.6 1.0 4.4 2.7 2.7 8.5 5.6 10.6 12.2 11.4 Ft. Lauderdale 1.1 5.3 3.2 0.7 4.6 2.6 13.4 15.1 14.2 14.2 16.5 15.3 Houston 2.5 7.1 4.6 1.3 5.9 3.5 9.0 14.7 11.6 12.9 14.9 13.8 Jersey City 2.3 4.3 3.3 1.9 3.0 2.4 4.3 6.6 5.4 6.7 8.9 7.7 Los Angeles 3.8 3.0 3.4 1.6 2.9 2.2 15.6 16.1 15.9 18.0 17.2 17.7 Miami 1.9 5.3 3.6 0.7 3.2 2.0 12.5 13.9 13.2 12.4 11.8 12.1 New Orleans 2.8 4.9 3.8 1.7 2.8 2.2 3.8 7.0 5.3 13.7 11.8 12.9 New York City 1.8 3.1 2.4 0.7 2.0 1.3 6.4 8.9 7.7 11.3 13.2 12.2 Philadelphia 2.8 4.0 3.4 0.3 2.1 1.2 6.3 8.8 7.5 10.0 11.6 10.8 San Diego 2.9 4.5 3.7 1.3 3.0 2.2 14.9 16.7 15.8 14.5 13.9 14.3 San Francisco 2.2 3.6 2.9 1.1 1.4 1.3 8.3 10.9 9.7 8.7 7.9 8.3 Unweighted data Baltimore 1.9 2.9 2.4 0.4 2.4 1.3 3.2 4.5 3.9 7.0 7.4 7.3 Newark 0.9 3.0 1.8 0.3 1.3 0.8 1.5 4.0 2.6 6.6 5.6 6.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Ever used illegal steroids. + Ever injected illegal drugs. Respondents were classified as injecting-drug users only if they a) reported injecting-drug use not prescribed by a physician and b) answered "one or more" to any of these questions: "During your life, how many times have you used any form of cocaine including powder, crack, or freebase?", "During your life, how many times have you used any other type of illegal drug, such as LSD, PCP, ecstacy, mushrooms, speed, ice, or heroin?" Or, "During your life, how many times have you taken steroid pills or shots without a doctor's prescription?" & Ever used any other type of illegal drug, (e.g., LSD {lysergic acid diethylamide}, PCP {phencyclidine}, "exstasy" {methylenedioxymethamphetamine}, mushrooms, "speed" {a stimulant, especially an amphetamine}, "ice" {methamphetamine}, or heroin). @ Ever sniffed glue or breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans or inhaled any paint sprays to become intoxicated. ** U.S. territories are included as states. ++ Not available. && Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ======================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_22 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 22. Percentage of high school students who reported initiating drug-related behaviors before age 13, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ========================================================================================================================================================== Smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 Drank alcohol before age 13 * Tried marijuana before age 13 Tried cocaine before age 13 + ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White & 22.0 28.5 25.6 23.7 32.9 28.8 5.6 9.0 7.5 0.7 1.1 0.9 (+/-3.4)@ (+/-3.8) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.6) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.4) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.8) (+/-0.5) Black & 15.3 19.5 17.4 27.1 39.4 33.1 6.5 15.6 11.0 0.1 0.7 0.4 (+/-3.5) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-3.1) (+/-4.5) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-3.9) (+/-2.8) (+/-0.1) (+/-0.5) (+/-0.2) Hispanic 20.3 28.6 24.9 31.8 43.0 37.9 8.3 17.2 13.2 1.0 1.8 1.4 (+/-4.2) (+/-5.6) (+/-3.2) (+/-5.7) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.5) (+/-2.0) (+/-4.3) (+/-2.6) (+/-0.6) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.5) Grade 9 28.8 34.9 32.0 38.6 44.9 41.9 10.6 18.9 14.9 1.8 1.9 1.8 (+/-5.8) (+/-8.6) (+/-6.2) (+/-4.5) (+/-5.5) (+/-4.0) (+/-3.6) (+/-5.1) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.3) 10 23.8 30.5 27.5 27.5 35.7 32.0 8.3 12.2 10.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 (+/-3.2) (+/-3.9) (+/-2.3) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.8) (+/-2.6) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.9) (+/-1.0) 11 17.1 26.3 22.2 23.3 35.4 29.9 4.6 11.3 8.3 0.3 1.7 1.0 (+/-2.3) (+/-3.9) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.9) (+/-3.5) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.9) (+/-0.4) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.7) 12 14.6 21.8 18.6 15.1 28.8 22.8 3.6 7.6 5.8 0.2 0.5 0.3 (+/-3.3) (+/-4.6) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.9) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.5) (+/-1.5) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.2) (+/-0.4) (+/-0.3) Total 20.9 28.0 24.8 25.7 35.7 31.1 6.7 12.2 9.7 0.8 1.3 1.1 (+/-2.4) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.3) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.4) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.5) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Other than a few sips. + Including powder, "crack," or "freebase" forms of cocaine. & Non-Hispanic. @ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_23 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 23. Percentage of high school students who reported initiating drug-related behaviors before age 13 by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ============================================================================================================================= Smoked a whole Drank alcohol Tried marijuana Tried cocaine cigarette before age 1 before age 13 * before age 13 before age 13 + ----------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 22.2 33.6 27.9 26.0 41.3 33.8 5.1 12.7 9.0 0.5 2.4 1.5 American Samoa & 20.5 29.5 24.5 17.8 24.7 20.8 4.4 8.6 6.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 Arkansas 25.7 33.6 29.7 29.5 44.6 37.2 6.6 13.5 10.1 0.9 1.7 1.3 Connecticut 18.3 25.1 21.7 23.5 33.5 28.4 5.7 9.6 7.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 Guam & 37.3 38.5 37.9 23.3 34.5 28.4 12.4 27.1 19.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 Hawaii 23.4 27.8 25.6 27.0 36.0 31.7 12.5 16.3 14.4 0.7 1.6 1.2 Iowa 15.4 23.5 19.6 22.8 34.8 28.9 3.5 6.4 5.0 0.7 1.4 1.0 Kentucky 28.9 35.8 32.5 22.6 37.5 30.4 6.8 11.3 9.3 0.1 1.1 0.8 Louisiana 23.3 31.2 27.3 34.6 47.1 40.8 6.5 12.8 9.7 0.7 2.3 1.6 Maine 28.1 32.5 30.2 22.2 34.5 28.5 8.0 16.5 12.3 1.1 2.6 1.9 Massachusetts 22.2 26.3 24.3 26.3 35.3 30.8 8.3 13.7 11.1 0.8 2.4 1.7 Michigan 25.8 28.3 27.2 31.1 38.8 34.9 8.2 16.1 12.2 0.7 2.1 1.6 Mississippi 17.8 28.8 23.1 26.6 46.1 36.2 3.9 13.9 8.8 0.6 1.8 1.2 Missouri 23.1 31.4 27.4 28.4 38.4 33.6 6.9 12.4 9.8 1.3 2.5 1.9 Montana 21.6 30.4 26.1 31.6 45.9 38.8 6.6 12.6 9.7 0.9 2.5 1.7 Nevada 20.7 25.8 23.4 32.6 41.1 37.0 7.5 13.1 10.3 1.1 2.8 2.0 New York 20.4 24.9 22.7 24.6 36.5 30.6 4.8 9.8 7.3 0.5 1.6 1.1 Ohio 19.4 24.8 22.1 25.2 35.6 30.5 6.9 10.9 8.9 1.2 2.6 1.9 Rhode Island 22.1 26.7 24.4 30.8 36.7 33.7 7.8 14.0 10.9 0.4 1.9 1.2 South Carolina 21.9 31.0 26.5 30.8 42.0 36.4 6.2 13.9 10.1 0.9 1.7 1.4 South Dakota 21.8 29.3 25.6 25.6 36.9 31.3 3.8 7.5 5.7 0.4 1.6 1.0 Utah 9.2 15.8 12.6 14.0 19.9 17.2 4.3 6.9 5.8 1.1 2.5 2.0 Vermont 23.5 30.2 27.0 27.5 38.2 33.0 8.8 15.7 12.5 NA@ NA NA Virgin Islands & 10.8 13.2 12.0 35.4 47.8 41.5 7.1 14.3 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 West Virginia 26.4 37.2 31.7 26.8 41.7 34.1 6.7 15.6 11.0 0.8 2.9 1.8 Wisconsin 18.8 29.1 24.1 22.8 34.1 28.7 5.0 9.6 7.5 0.5 1.7 1.1 Wyoming 25.9 32.1 29.1 32.9 47.9 40.5 6.6 13.8 10.3 1.5 3.6 2.6 Unweighted data California ** 17.2 22.4 19.6 23.6 36.7 29.5 7.5 14.6 10.8 1.5 1.6 1.6 Colorado 25.0 29.9 27.4 30.0 42.1 35.8 10.7 14.7 12.7 1.0 1.4 1.2 Delaware 25.9 29.1 27.5 33.1 39.5 36.2 9.0 16.5 12.7 1.1 3.5 2.4 Florida 22.4 27.0 24.7 28.0 36.9 32.5 7.7 13.0 10.4 0.6 1.9 1.2 New Hampshire 23.1 25.7 24.4 24.7 33.4 28.9 7.5 12.2 9.7 0.5 2.5 1.4 New Jersey 19.3 25.1 22.2 24.7 34.5 29.4 4.2 9.0 6.5 0.2 1.4 0.8 North Carolina 23.3 31.7 27.3 25.5 37.8 31.0 5.8 14.0 9.6 1.3 3.6 2.4 North Dakota NA NA NA 23.0 29.4 26.2 3.5 6.0 4.8 1.5 1.8 1.6 Tennessee 22.5 35.8 28.7 23.5 34.7 28.7 6.3 14.7 10.3 1.5 1.7 1.6 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 16.6 19.2 18.0 26.5 40.3 33.1 6.8 14.8 10.9 0.9 3.2 2.1 Chicago 16.5 24.3 20.2 29.6 41.6 35.0 7.1 19.0 12.5 1.0 2.8 1.8 Dallas 14.2 20.2 17.2 32.6 39.1 35.8 7.3 15.9 11.7 0.3 1.6 1.0 Detroit 15.7 20.7 18.0 28.6 37.9 33.0 8.9 21.5 14.7 0.5 1.2 0.8 District of Columbia 14.0 20.4 17.1 26.4 38.6 32.5 7.6 19.4 13.4 1.0 4.3 2.7 Ft. Lauderdale 17.5 19.2 18.3 29.0 35.6 32.3 5.3 10.9 8.1 0.8 2.3 1.5 Houston 15.2 25.6 20.0 33.8 40.8 37.0 5.5 16.3 10.5 1.0 1.4 1.2 Jersey City 17.0 19.0 18.0 27.5 38.6 32.7 6.6 10.2 8.3 1.0 2.3 1.6 Los Angeles 18.6 26.1 22.0 31.2 40.1 35.3 8.9 15.5 11.9 1.4 1.6 1.5 Miami 16.0 21.3 18.8 31.6 40.1 36.0 5.0 11.9 8.5 0.9 1.8 1.3 New Orleans 12.8 20.0 16.2 35.0 42.5 38.4 7.3 16.2 11.5 1.5 1.9 1.7 New York City 18.4 18.4 18.3 28.2 32.9 30.5 5.5 9.1 7.2 0.7 1.0 0.8 Philadelphia 22.3 24.7 23.5 28.8 35.9 32.3 7.5 13.4 10.4 0.1 1.8 0.9 San Diego 19.0 22.9 20.9 30.3 38.4 34.3 11.4 16.6 14.0 1.0 1.7 1.4 San Francisco 15.6 18.9 17.3 23.0 33.9 28.6 6.9 10.2 8.6 1.0 1.6 1.3 Unweighted data Baltimore 16.1 17.3 16.8 27.2 35.6 30.9 7.4 14.2 10.5 0.5 1.4 1.1 Newark 12.3 16.5 14.2 20.3 34.7 26.3 2.9 10.9 6.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * More than a few sips. + Including powder, "crack" or "freebase" forms of cocaine. & U. S. territories are included as states. @ Not available. ** Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ============================================================================================================================= Return to top. Table_24 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 24. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in drug-related behaviors on school property, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ============================================================================================================================================================================================== Offered, sold, or given Cigarette use Smokeless tobacco use Alcohol use Marijuana use an illegal drug on school property on school property + on school property & on school property @ on school property ** ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White ++ 14.9 16.5 15.8 0.4 11.3 6.5 2.9 6.3 4.8 3.9 7.3 5.8 24.5 36.1 31.0 (+/-3.2)&& (+/-2.4) (+/-1.8) (+/-0.3) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.7) (+/-0.9) (+/-1.6) (+/-0.8) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.4) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.5) (+/-2.7) Black ++ 5.5 12.4 8.8 0.4 2.5 1.4 4.0 7.3 5.6 5.4 13.0 9.1 16.7 34.6 25.4 (+/-2.0) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.0) (+/-0.7) (+/-1.6) (+/-0.9) (+/-1.5) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.8) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.1) (+/-3.4) (+/-4.6) (+/-3.3) Hispanic 7.7 15.3 11.9 0.3 5.8 3.3 7.6 8.7 8.2 5.9 14.1 10.4 34.4 46.8 41.1 (+/-1.8) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.5) (+/-0.2) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.9) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-4.8) (+/-5.3) (+/-4.0) Grade 9 11.8 15.9 14.0 0.4 9.5 5.2 5.3 6.3 5.9 6.5 9.6 8.1 28.0 34.5 31.4 (+/-3.5) (+/-4.3) (+/-2.6) (+/-0.5) (+/-3.6) (+/-1.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.7) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.8) (+/-5.3) (+/-5.7) (+/-4.6) 10 13.2 15.5 14.4 0.1 5.7 3.2 3.2 5.6 4.6 4.2 8.2 6.4 25.3 40.0 33.4 (+/-3.3) (+/-2.6) (+/-2.0) (+/-0.1) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.1) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.4) (+/-3.4) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.3) 11 15.2 16.2 15.8 0.6 9.8 5.6 3.8 7.9 6.0 5.2 10.2 7.9 26.4 38.8 33.2 (+/-4.1) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.7) (+/-0.7) (+/-3.2) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.7) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.7) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.3) (+/-3.5) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.8) 12 11.6 16.1 14.1 0.1 10.6 6.0 2.2 8.8 5.9 2.6 8.2 5.7 19.6 36.4 29.0 (+/-2.3) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.3) (+/-0.1) (+/-3.8) (+/-2.2) (+/-0.9) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.3) (+/-0.9) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.2) (+/-4.3) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.5) Total 13.0 15.9 14.6 0.4 9.0 5.1 3.6 7.2 5.6 4.6 9.0 7.0 24.7 37.4 31.7 (+/-2.2) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-1.4) (+/-0.7) (+/-1.3) (+/-0.7) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.8) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * On >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + Used chewing tobacco or snuff on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Drank alcohol on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. @ Used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. ** During the 12 months preceding the survey. ++ Non-Hispanic. && Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ============================================================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_25 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 25. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in drug-related behaviors on school property, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ======================================================================================================================================================== Offered, sold, or given Cigarette use Smokeless tobacco use Alcohol use Marijuana use an illegal drug on school property * on school property + on school property & on school property @ on school property ** ---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 9.4 16.4 12.9 0.5 13.9 7.1 4.7 8.0 6.4 2.1 8.0 5.0 22.8 35.8 29.3 American Samoa ++ 19.6 23.1 21.1 1.2 4.6 2.7 11.5 14.7 12.9 4.5 13.0 8.2 20.1 30.2 24.6 Arkansas 13.6 18.0 15.8 0.7 15.0 7.9 4.1 6.8 5.5 3.7 11.3 7.5 21.0 30.6 25.9 Connecticut 20.0 18.4 19.3 0.7 6.2 3.4 5.9 8.4 7.1 5.5 10.2 7.9 25.6 32.5 29.0 Guam ++ 14.4 21.5 17.7 2.7 7.1 4.8 4.3 4.5 4.4 8.2 15.8 11.8 35.1 45.3 40.0 Hawaii 15.9 16.0 16.0 0.4 3.4 1.9 7.9 9.0 8.5 10.2 14.8 12.6 35.2 47.2 41.4 Iowa 13.8 17.9 15.9 0.7 12.3 6.6 2.7 6.1 4.4 2.6 6.4 4.5 18.4 27.1 22.8 Kentucky 22.1 28.0 25.3 0.9 18.1 9.7 5.8 6.9 6.5 4.4 10.7 7.8 28.2 39.8 34.2 Louisiana 10.8 14.0 12.4 0.5 10.0 5.2 3.9 6.6 5.2 3.1 6.8 4.9 22.9 33.4 28.1 Maine 18.7 17.7 18.2 1.0 5.5 3.3 4.9 7.4 6.2 6.2 12.4 9.5 36.0 44.8 40.7 Massachusetts 18.3 19.6 18.9 0.4 4.9 2.7 4.6 7.5 6.2 6.8 13.1 10.0 37.5 46.8 42.2 Michigan 17.3 17.4 17.3 1.1 7.2 4.3 6.1 8.1 7.2 5.7 12.0 8.9 29.6 42.6 36.2 Mississippi 7.7 19.1 13.2 0.3 10.6 5.3 5.2 8.6 6.8 1.9 8.6 5.2 18.5 29.9 24.1 Missouri 15.8 19.0 17.5 0.6 9.7 5.2 3.8 6.7 5.3 5.3 11.5 8.5 20.4 30.9 25.8 Montana 13.3 17.2 15.3 3.2 22.9 13.3 6.7 10.1 8.4 7.0 10.6 8.9 31.1 37.8 34.6 Nevada 15.8 13.7 14.8 1.0 11.5 6.3 7.8 8.2 8.1 8.2 11.1 9.7 33.3 42.3 38.0 New York 16.7 18.4 17.6 0.2 4.9 2.5 4.8 7.6 6.2 5.1 9.8 7.5 21.9 32.8 27.4 Ohio 12.2 16.3 14.4 0.8 11.1 6.1 3.1 5.4 4.3 4.5 9.4 7.0 22.6 32.9 27.8 Rhode Island 21.1 19.5 20.4 1.2 5.8 3.6 5.7 8.9 7.3 6.5 11.7 9.1 24.7 34.3 29.4 South Carolina 13.8 19.0 16.5 0.7 6.3 3.6 3.8 7.6 5.7 3.4 9.6 6.6 NA NA NA South Dakota 18.9 20.2 19.5 1.7 15.8 8.9 5.0 11.0 8.0 2.4 7.7 5.1 25.9 34.1 30.1 Utah 5.5 7.1 6.5 1.2 6.8 4.3 4.1 6.4 5.3 3.4 5.8 4.7 24.8 29.2 27.3 Vermont 16.6 19.4 18.0 1.3 7.6 4.6 3.9 7.9 6.0 6.9 14.2 10.7 34.0 45.5 39.9 Virgin Islands ++ 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 3.5 2.9 2.4 5.7 4.0 10.9 19.7 15.2 West Virginia 18.9 23.3 21.0 0.7 20.3 10.2 4.4 9.4 6.8 4.9 13.9 9.3 29.2 39.1 34.0 Wisconsin 12.9 20.4 16.9 NA&& NA NA 2.6 4.9 3.9 5.1 9.9 7.5 25.3 31.0 28.3 Wyoming 16.0 17.0 16.6 5.1 24.9 15.2 5.5 9.1 7.4 5.5 10.3 8.0 27.1 35.7 31.5 Unweighted data California @@ 6.9 10.4 8.5 0.5 4.2 2.2 5.9 8.0 6.8 4.7 12.6 8.3 29.7 46.2 37.2 Colorado 19.2 16.4 17.9 1.5 12.2 6.7 5.2 9.0 7.0 6.6 9.9 8.2 26.5 34.6 30.4 Delaware 15.5 18.6 17.0 1.0 6.9 3.9 4.6 8.0 6.3 4.9 10.3 7.6 32.9 45.2 38.9 Florida 11.7 14.3 12.9 0.9 9.9 5.3 3.7 5.2 4.4 4.0 9.2 6.6 29.3 42.4 35.7 New Hampshire 20.0 16.1 18.2 0.2 6.0 2.9 5.4 5.5 5.4 6.0 9.9 7.9 30.9 38.9 34.7 New Jersey 18.5 20.2 19.4 0.6 4.9 2.7 2.7 7.1 4.8 3.3 8.1 5.6 21.6 34.4 27.7 North Carolina 15.2 19.6 17.2 0.7 8.2 4.2 4.8 7.5 6.0 3.8 10.4 6.8 25.8 37.7 31.2 North Dakota 17.6 16.2 16.9 2.6 12.9 7.8 5.7 8.0 6.9 7.2 8.2 7.7 26.5 30.5 28.5 Tennessee 11.4 19.2 15.0 2.0 17.4 9.2 3.4 6.1 4.6 1.8 8.7 5.0 23.3 33.5 28.1 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 10.3 9.6 10.0 0.6 2.6 1.7 5.7 7.6 6.7 5.4 11.9 8.8 28.9 41.6 35.1 Chicago 11.6 13.9 12.6 1.0 3.2 2.0 6.1 8.2 7.0 6.9 12.8 9.6 23.1 34.8 28.4 Dallas 5.8 13.5 9.6 0.5 2.0 1.3 6.7 8.4 7.7 5.8 13.7 9.8 25.9 38.3 32.0 Detroit 7.6 13.7 10.4 0.4 2.2 1.2 6.8 10.0 8.3 6.9 14.6 10.5 19.6 33.3 26.0 District of Columbia 8.8 16.5 12.6 1.0 3.8 2.4 7.4 16.6 12.1 9.2 18.3 13.6 20.4 29.2 24.8 Ft. Lauderdale 9.9 11.8 10.9 0.4 5.2 2.8 4.2 8.3 6.2 2.8 30.1 9.0 5.9 26.4 33.6 Houston 6.3 13.6 9.6 1.3 4.8 2.9 4.4 12.3 8.0 3.3 12.3 7.4 23.6 35.9 29.3 Jersey City 17.4 20.4 18.8 0.9 4.8 2.8 7.9 11.6 9.7 6.1 10.6 8.2 16.0 24.7 20.1 Los Angeles 7.9 9.9 8.9 0.8 2.1 1.4 8.3 9.1 8.6 6.7 13.1 9.7 30.8 42.2 36.2 Miami 10.2 14.2 12.2 0.8 2.4 1.6 4.2 8.3 6.3 5.0 10.2 7.7 28.2 40.7 34.5 New Orleans 6.7 15.3 10.7 1.7 2.6 2.1 4.6 8.8 6.6 6.8 14.5 10.4 19.5 31.8 25.2 New York City 13.9 14.8 14.4 0.3 1.4 0.9 4.0 6.4 5.2 3.9 10.3 7.0 15.6 25.6 20.6 Philadelphia 14.4 18.8 16.6 0.4 1.4 0.9 4.0 6.2 5.1 5.3 13.9 9.6 17.8 33.4 25.5 San Diego 7.5 11.8 9.6 0.9 2.1 1.5 11.2 10.6 11.0 8.0 11.7 9.8 39.8 52.3 46.1 San Francisco 7.5 10.9 9.3 0.5 1.6 1.0 4.6 6.0 5.4 4.6 8.6 6.7 32.1 41.8 37.0 Unweighted data Baltimore 6.3 14.5 10.1 0.4 2.9 1.6 9.6 15.0 12.1 6.9 15.2 10.5 16.6 27.6 21.5 Newark 10.2 13.4 11.5 0.3 1.1 0.6 5.3 11.7 8.0 5.4 12.8 8.5 13.1 25.9 18.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * On >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. + Used chewing tobacco or snuff on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. & Drank alcohol on >= 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey. @ Used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. ** During the 12 months preceding the survey. ++ U.S. territories are included as states. && Not available. @@ Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ======================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_26 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 26. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in sexual behaviors, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ============================================================================================================================================================================================ Ever had sexual First sexual intercourse Four or more sex intercourse before age 13 partners during lifetime Currently sexually active * Currently abstinent + ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------ Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Race/Ethnicity White & 44.0 43.3 43.6 3.2 4.6 4.0 12.1 11.3 11.6 35.1 29.6 32.0 20.2 31.7 26.6 (+/-5.7)@ (+/-3.9) (+/-4.2) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.0) (+/-0.8) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.5) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.3) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.4) Black & 65.6 80.3 72.7 11.0 33.3 21.7 25.4 52.8 38.5 47.3 60.5 53.6 27.9 24.6 26.1 (+/-4.4) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.8) (+/-3.4) (+/-4.6) (+/-2.3) (+/-5.9) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.6) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.8) (+/-4.2) (+/-2.7) Hispanic 45.7 57.7 52.2 3.4 11.4 7.7 10.2 20.1 15.5 33.2 37.3 35.4 27.2 35.2 32.0 (+/-3.9) (+/-6.3) (+/-3.6) (+/-1.4) (+/-2.5) (+/-1.4) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.4) (+/-3.8) (+/-5.6) (+/-3.9) (+/-5.5) (+/-5.4) (+/-4.1) Grade 9 34.0 41.8 38.0 6.5 14.7 10.8 7.9 16.2 12.2 22.4 25.9 24.2 33.3 37.5 35.7 (+/-4.0) (+/-6.1) (+/-3.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-3.5) (+/-4.8) (+/-3.3) (+/-5.9) (+/-6.3) (+/-4.4) 10 43.5 41.7 42.5 5.1 9.7 7.6 11.7 15.5 13.8 31.2 27.6 29.2 28.4 33.9 31.3 (+/-5.2) (+/-4.6) (+/-4.3) (+/-1.2) (+/-3.0) (+/-1.8) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.7) (+/-5.2) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.9) (+/-8.3) (+/-6.4) (+/-5.7) 11 50.3 49.3 49.7 3.5 8.2 6.1 15.8 17.4 16.7 41.5 34.8 37.8 17.5 29.2 23.8 (+/-5.8) (+/-5.5) (+/-5.2) (+/-1.3) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.9) (+/-5.7) (+/-4.9) (+/-4.8) (+/-4.9) (+/-4.5) (+/-3.7) 12 61.9 60.1 60.9 2.9 6.0 4.7 20.6 20.6 20.6 49.5 43.1 46.0 20.0 28.2 24.5 (+/-7.4) (+/-6.8) (+/-6.5) (+/-1.3) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.4) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.5) (+/-5.9) (+/-5.4) (+/-5.0) (+/-4.7) (+/-3.5) (+/-3.1) Total 47.7 48.9 48.4 4.5 9.4 7.2 14.1 17.6 16.0 36.5 33.4 34.8 23.4 31.5 27.8 (+/-3.7) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.1) (+/-0.7) (+/-1.8) (+/-0.9) (+/-2.0) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.4) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.6) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.8) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey. + Among those who have ever had sexual intercourse, no sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey. & Non-Hispanic. @ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ============================================================================================================================================================================================ Return to top. Table_27 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 27. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in sexual behaviors, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================== Ever had sexual First sexual intercouse Four or more sex intercourse before age 13 partners during lifetime Currently sexually active * Currently abstinent + ---------------------- ----------------------- ------------------------ --------------------------- ---------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama NA& NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA American Samoa @ 25.8 52.1 37.2 2.3 15.7 8.1 3.2 19.4 10.2 13.6 31.7 21.4 47.5 38.1 41.9 Arkansas 57.5 61.9 59.7 5.9 18.7 12.4 19.2 29.7 24.5 45.4 43.5 44.4 20.9 29.3 25.3 Connecticut 42.3 44.4 43.5 3.3 5.9 4.7 10.0 13.0 11.7 33.4 31.6 32.7 21.0 28.6 24.7 Guam @ 44.7 54.7 49.4 8.4 13.2 10.6 10.1 15.8 12.8 29.1 27.5 28.4 NA NA 42.5 Hawaii 44.8 35.8 40.3 4.9 9.1 7.0 8.2 9.7 9.1 32.6 19.3 25.8 27.3 45.9 35.7 Iowa 39.2 46.3 42.8 2.0 5.6 3.8 13.4 11.9 12.7 31.5 34.3 33.0 19.8 25.5 22.9 Kentucky 50.3 56.9 53.7 3.4 10.7 7.2 12.6 23.1 18.1 38.3 40.2 39.4 24.1 29.3 26.7 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Maine 50.1 52.9 51.6 4.3 9.2 6.8 11.9 13.2 12.5 38.3 34.0 36.2 23.6 35.7 29.8 Massachusetts 42.4 46.8 44.7 4.2 9.8 7.1 10.6 14.8 12.7 31.8 30.0 31.0 25.2 35.7 30.6 Michigan 47.2 50.7 48.9 5.0 11.8 8.3 14.2 18.5 16.4 36.0 32.7 34.4 24.1 35.4 29.7 Mississippi 64.5 74.9 69.5 8.5 34.7 21.2 19.7 44.1 31.4 49.2 55.1 52.1 23.6 26.1 24.9 Missouri 52.4 50.4 51.5 4.5 11.9 8.2 13.1 18.3 15.8 41.2 31.9 36.7 21.4 36.1 28.5 Montana 44.4 47.3 45.9 4.1 9.0 6.5 14.5 16.6 15.5 33.1 29.8 31.5 25.7 36.8 31.3 Nevada 46.7 47.6 47.1 3.9 9.1 6.5 12.6 18.0 15.3 35.6 31.5 33.5 23.9 33.7 29.1 New York 37.0 45.4 41.2 3.2 11.7 7.4 8.0 17.4 12.6 27.9 30.5 29.2 24.8 32.3 28.9 Ohio 47.4 49.9 48.7 4.7 14.2 9.4 13.0 20.1 16.6 35.3 32.9 34.2 25.6 33.9 29.7 Rhode Island 42.2 43.1 42.7 3.8 7.5 5.7 9.8 14.2 12.1 33.8 27.9 31.1 19.9 35.1 27.2 South Carolina 59.1 64.0 61.5 9.3 22.5 15.8 20.1 29.9 25.0 43.4 41.0 42.3 26.5 35.9 31.3 South Dakota 43.1 39.4 41.2 3.9 6.1 5.0 14.5 12.9 13.7 30.3 26.9 28.6 29.7 32.0 30.8 Utah NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Vermont NA NA NA 4.3 9.5 7.0 9.8 13.3 11.6 31.5 29.6 30.6 24.9 33.2 29.2 Virgin Islands @ 43.3 71.7 57.1 5.1 41.7 22.6 10.1 37.9 23.6 30.9 37.8 34.2 28.9 47.2 40.0 West Virginia 53.1 58.0 55.5 3.6 11.4 7.4 15.1 19.1 17.0 40.1 40.7 40.4 24.6 29.8 27.3 Wisconsin 38.7 43.7 41.3 4.2 6.8 5.5 11.4 11.4 11.4 30.5 27.0 28.7 21.4 38.5 30.7 Wyoming 44.0 45.9 45.0 4.3 8.2 6.2 16.3 17.5 16.9 32.4 28.8 30.6 26.7 37.6 32.2 Unweighted data California ** 40.6 47.1 43.5 3.4 7.9 5.4 9.3 15.1 11.9 31.7 29.8 30.8 21.1 33.3 27.0 Colorado 39.4 43.8 41.4 3.1 8.5 5.7 12.9 13.4 13.1 31.5 27.4 29.4 20.3 37.3 29.0 Delaware 54.8 56.0 55.4 8.4 14.1 11.1 18.7 21.7 20.1 42.5 37.5 40.3 22.9 32.7 27.3 Florida 45.0 51.5 48.2 3.8 13.2 8.4 12.5 19.2 15.7 34.8 32.9 33.9 23.6 36.7 30.3 New Hampshire 47.9 47.8 47.8 4.4 7.9 6.0 12.6 11.1 11.9 35.9 31.2 33.7 25.1 34.4 29.4 New Jersey 41.0 40.5 40.8 3.0 9.2 6.0 8.3 14.0 11.1 30.4 26.3 28.5 25.8 34.7 29.9 North Carolina 56.9 62.6 59.6 8.0 19.6 13.0 17.9 27.5 22.3 43.0 43.5 43.4 24.6 30.5 27.2 North Dakota NA NA NA 2.7 5.2 3.9 10.3 11.0 10.7 32.1 27.9 30.0 24.2 28.6 26.3 Tennessee 51.9 54.9 53.4 5.8 15.2 10.2 17.2 22.7 19.7 39.6 37.0 38.4 23.4 32.6 28.0 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 47.4 62.7 54.7 7.4 21.6 14.3 13.5 29.1 20.9 39.2 39.0 39.3 17.7 37.5 28.1 Chicago 47.5 61.9 53.9 6.7 20.6 12.8 10.8 31.3 19.9 35.0 40.9 37.7 26.2 33.5 29.7 Dallas 55.3 69.3 62.1 6.6 26.0 16.1 14.9 37.2 25.8 40.4 47.2 43.7 26.9 31.8 29.5 Detroit 57.4 78.0 66.9 9.1 36.2 21.4 14.9 43.1 27.7 41.4 51.9 46.2 27.6 33.3 30.6 District of Columbia 62.0 79.8 70.7 9.5 33.7 21.3 25.9 51.3 38.2 48.8 57.5 53.1 21.2 27.8 24.6 Ft. Lauderdale 44.0 56.9 50.4 3.9 17.2 10.4 10.2 26.5 18.2 32.4 35.9 34.1 26.3 36.5 32.0 Houston 46.8 64.5 54.8 6.5 22.1 13.6 13.0 32.3 21.7 31.2 45.1 37.4 33.0 29.3 31.0 Jersey City 50.7 66.4 58.1 5.8 29.4 16.9 10.2 37.9 23.2 36.8 45.4 40.9 27.0 30.5 28.8 Los Angeles 41.1 50.7 45.4 2.9 12.2 7.1 7.4 19.2 12.8 31.2 33.3 32.1 24.3 34.0 29.4 Miami 42.1 61.6 51.8 3.5 21.0 12.2 8.6 30.9 19.6 30.8 37.7 34.2 26.7 38.3 33.5 New Orleans 50.4 75.2 61.6 6.8 35.2 19.6 11.4 44.8 26.3 37.4 53.8 44.7 25.9 28.1 27.1 New York City 33.4 47.0 40.0 3.7 15.6 9.4 7.6 22.6 14.8 25.5 30.4 27.8 23.7 35.1 30.2 Philadelphia 59.1 68.7 63.9 8.4 25.9 17.0 18.7 38.4 28.4 45.2 46.7 46.0 23.3 31.9 27.9 San Diego 43.4 46.0 44.7 5.1 10.1 7.6 12.2 17.9 15.1 33.1 29.3 31.2 23.8 35.9 29.9 San Francisco NA NA NA 2.5 6.6 4.6 6.3 11.2 8.8 21.7 17.6 19.7 24.0 46.8 36.2 Unweighted data Baltimore 69.2 80.9 74.2 12.5 39.7 24.0 25.3 52.4 36.7 56.6 61.9 59.0 18.0 23.5 20.4 Newark 62.1 80.5 69.7 6.0 31.8 16.6 17.4 48.9 30.3 49.0 58.9 53.1 20.9 26.6 23.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey. + Among those who have ever had sexual intercourse, no sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey. & Not available. @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. =========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_28 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 28. Percentage of high school students who reported using a condom during * or using birth control pills before sexual intercourse; * using alcohol or drugs at last sexual intercourse; + and ever being pregnant or getting someone else pregnant, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================== Birth control pill use Have been pregnant or have Condom use during last before last sexual Alcohol or drug use at last gotten someone else sexual intercourse intercourse sexual intercourse pregnant ------------------------------- ------------------------------- -------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White & 49.2 62.2 55.8 24.7 16.7 20.6 20.5 31.1 26.0 6.2 3.0 4.5 (+/-3.5)@ (+/-3.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-4.6) (+/-4.8) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.5) (+/-2.5) (+/-1.8) (+/-0.7) (+/-0.8) Black & 58.9 68.4 64.0 14.7 9.4 11.9 13.4 22.2 18.1 15.9 13.7 14.9 (+/-5.0) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.8) (+/-5.0) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.3) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.1) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.0) Hispanic 40.0 54.7 48.3 12.9 6.9 9.5 16.1 32.4 25.3 8.1 6.3 7.1 (+/-8.5) (+/-8.2) (+/-5.6) (+/-8.0) (+/-2.9) (+/-3.7) (+/-6.1) (+/-7.9) (+/-5.3) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.1) (+/-1.9) Grade 9 58.3 59.2 58.8 8.0 7.6 7.8 27.3 37.9 33.2 5.1 3.3 4.2 (+/-8.5) (+/-8.5) (+/-5.6) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.2) (+/-10.5) (+/-8.4) (+/-8.3) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.3) 10 52.8 64.6 58.9 16.6 7.6 12.0 14.8 30.5 22.9 8.5 3.8 6.0 (+/-7.7) (+/-7.7) (+/-3.6) (+/-5.0) (+/-3.3) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.6) (+/-5.4) (+/-3.3) (+/-3.9) (+/-1.5) (+/-2.2) 11 55.4 64.8 60.1 18.7 12.4 15.6 17.7 28.5 23.1 8.9 5.1 6.9 (+/-5.5) (+/-7.0) (+/-5.2) (+/-6.0) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.1) (+/-4.8) (+/-5.2) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.0) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.8) 12 43.0 61.2 52.4 29.7 19.0 24.0 17.6 28.4 23.2 11.1 6.0 8.4 (+/-5.4) (+/-5.7) (+/-3.5) (+/-5.2) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.7) (+/-4.2) (+/-5.0) (+/-1.9) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.5) Total 50.8 62.5 56.8 20.5 13.0 16.6 18.5 30.5 24.7 8.5 4.7 6.5 (+/-3.0) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.6) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.0) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.8) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.7) (+/-0.7) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * During/before last sexual intercourse, among currently sexually active students. + Among currently sexually active students. & Non-Hispanic. @ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_29 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 29. Percentage of high school students who reported using a condom during * or using birth control pills before sexual intercourse; * using alcohol or drugs at last sexual intercourse; + and being pregnant or getting someone else pregnant, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ====================================================================================================================================== Used alcohol or drugs Have been pregnant or have Condom use during last Birth control pill use during before last sexual gotten someone else sexual intercourse last sexual intercourse intercourse pregnant ---------------------- ----------------------------- ---------------------- -------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama NA& NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA American Samoa @ NA 32.4 30.4 NA 3.5 4.4 NA 39.0 33.4 2.3 6.7 4.2 Arkansas 52.4 62.0 57.2 17.7 11.5 14.6 20.7 37.5 28.9 12.3 7.3 9.7 Connecticut 50.1 64.7 57.3 21.2 16.0 18.5 23.1 31.1 27.2 6.6 3.9 5.3 Guam @ NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 10.8 8.5 9.7 Hawaii 35.5 50.1 41.0 21.5 16.2 19.3 14.9 35.7 22.7 8.7 3.0 5.7 Iowa 41.5 53.4 47.6 35.3 21.8 28.2 19.4 28.9 24.3 6.1 3.8 4.9 Kentucky 49.7 65.5 57.3 22.3 15.1 18.5 19.4 34.8 27.6 5.8 5.4 5.8 Louisiana NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Maine 44.8 56.6 50.7 36.1 23.2 29.8 17.2 31.2 24.2 4.1 4.3 4.2 Massachusetts 50.4 64.2 57.0 18.5 11.2 14.9 21.5 32.3 26.7 7.2 5.8 6.6 Michigan 54.7 62.0 58.2 26.0 18.4 22.3 26.3 40.1 32.8 7.2 4.5 5.8 Mississippi 54.4 69.3 62.0 19.4 9.3 14.3 11.6 27.0 19.4 14.3 9.8 12.1 Missouri 52.9 65.8 58.2 26.8 12.2 20.7 21.5 32.6 26.5 6.5 4.1 5.2 Montana 43.9 53.6 48.6 27.6 15.2 21.6 24.2 37.2 30.4 5.3 5.1 5.2 Nevada 52.5 66.5 59.1 20.8 9.5 15.4 20.8 37.0 28.5 7.2 4.5 5.9 New York 62.2 73.3 68.1 17.2 9.5 13.1 21.5 34.2 28.0 5.1 5.3 5.2 Ohio 50.7 65.7 57.5 15.7 10.6 13.2 18.5 35.0 26.6 7.3 5.3 6.3 Rhode Island 49.8 56.1 52.4 23.5 14.8 19.9 23.6 41.6 31.8 6.4 5.2 5.8 South Carolina 53.1 67.3 59.8 18.0 9.1 13.8 16.6 31.3 23.6 9.3 5.2 7.2 South Dakota 41.3 52.2 46.4 23.1 17.7 20.5 31.4 41.4 36.1 3.5 3.5 3.5 Utah NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Vermont 54.1 60.5 57.2 29.6 22.7 26.1 23.5 35.3 29.2 3.8 4.0 3.9 Virgin Islands @ 49.7 69.2 59.9 7.1 2.8 4.8 6.0 15.3 10.9 5.9 5.3 5.6 West Virginia 54.6 63.6 58.9 28.1 12.3 20.4 19.0 36.3 27.4 6.0 4.4 5.2 Wisconsin 54.5 61.2 57.7 22.7 23.9 23.3 20.4 31.7 25.8 5.5 4.1 4.8 Wyoming 42.7 57.8 49.5 26.1 16.4 21.5 27.5 39.9 33.3 7.4 4.0 5.7 Unweighted data California ** 50.1 63.2 55.8 19.7 11.4 16.1 16.1 31.7 22.9 8.1 6.1 7.2 Colorado 55.5 62.2 58.5 16.5 16.4 16.5 27.2 35.8 31.0 6.1 2.3 4.3 Delaware 48.0 60.4 53.3 23.0 11.7 18.0 18.6 32.7 24.7 10.1 7.5 8.9 Florida 48.1 59.2 53.2 19.5 12.6 16.2 17.8 26.6 22.0 6.0 4.4 5.4 New Hampshire 45.2 63.2 52.9 31.6 21.6 27.3 20.1 27.2 23.1 6.3 3.9 5.2 New Jersey 55.4 64.6 59.3 12.4 9.4 11.2 19.2 27.5 22.9 5.7 4.1 4.9 North Carolina 53.8 68.5 60.6 19.4 13.0 16.4 15.1 23.7 19.1 8.5 7.7 8.2 North Dakota 47.6 46.2 46.9 22.9 17.4 20.3 27.8 42.5 34.6 NA NA NA Tennessee 44.7 67.0 54.6 20.7 7.2 14.6 16.7 28.1 21.8 9.9 5.8 8.0 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 56.4 72.7 64.0 12.1 5.2 8.9 11.8 23.0 17.2 12.8 10.0 11.5 Chicago 58.4 75.9 67.0 10.0 6.8 8.7 12.3 26.0 19.1 11.0 9.3 10.2 Dallas 53.1 68.4 60.8 10.0 6.4 8.2 9.8 20.6 15.5 11.0 8.2 9.7 Detroit 66.9 80.0 73.5 12.3 6.2 9.2 13.5 27.6 20.5 14.7 10.9 12.9 District of Columbia 63.1 72.4 67.9 10.9 4.9 7.7 14.0 26.8 20.5 18.0 16.2 17.2 Ft. Lauderdale 56.2 71.9 64.3 13.5 10.8 12.1 14.6 26.6 20.8 6.4 5.5 5.9 Houston 48.6 74.3 62.5 14.9 9.0 11.7 7.1 30.6 20.0 9.2 11.0 10.0 Jersey City 51.5 65.9 59.1 7.8 7.3 7.5 15.6 24.4 20.1 10.8 11.0 10.9 Los Angeles 49.6 59.6 54.4 6.2 12.1 9.1 18.4 32.3 25.0 7.9 5.5 6.8 Miami 51.6 70.7 61.8 8.9 6.9 7.8 14.5 27.5 21.7 7.7 6.3 7.2 New Orleans 57.1 79.0 68.8 11.8 8.0 9.8 12.8 23.0 18.3 13.3 10.4 12.0 New York City 66.4 78.4 72.7 6.2 6.7 6.5 14.6 26.9 21.1 5.9 5.4 5.7 Philadelphia 61.7 79.3 70.5 15.4 6.7 11.2 9.4 24.0 16.7 12.0 9.1 10.6 San Diego 45.8 55.0 50.1 14.1 12.0 13.1 20.6 37.7 28.4 6.3 5.2 5.9 San Francisco 50.3 66.0 57.1 16.1 8.4 12.6 12.6 20.2 16.4 5.1 4.1 4.6 Unweighted data Baltimore 52.9 69.4 60.2 21.1 7.2 14.9 9.1 27.3 17.5 21.4 16.5 19.5 Newark 60.9 74.0 66.7 8.3 5.4 6.9 10.6 25.5 17.3 20.0 13.6 17.4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * During/before last sexual intercourse, among currently sexually active students. + Among currently sexually active students. & Not available. @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Survey did not include students from Los Angeles Unified School District. ====================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_30 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 30. Percentage of high school students who reported having been taught about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in school and percentage who reported talking about HIV/AIDS with parents or other adult family members, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ========================================================================================= Taught about HIV/AIDS Talked about HIV/AIDS with in school parents or other adult family members ------------------------------- ------------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White * 92.8 93.6 93.3 66.1 58.8 62.0 (+/-1.8)+ (+/-1.5) (+/-1.3) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.7) Black * 90.4 89.1 89.7 75.3 70.0 72.7 (+/-1.7) (+/-2.3) (+/-1.6) (+/-3.1) (+/-5.1) (+/-3.2) Hispanic 85.1 86.6 85.9 64.7 57.0 60.5 (+/-4.0) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.7) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.0) Grade 9 89.6 89.9 89.8 65.2 57.4 61.1 (+/-1.7) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.5) (+/-5.5) (+/-4.0) (+/-3.6) 10 91.5 91.6 91.6 64.4 60.2 62.1 (+/-3.2) (+/-1.7) (+/-2.0) (+/-4.5) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.8) 11 92.8 92.1 92.4 67.8 57.5 62.2 (+/-2.1) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.6) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.4) 12 91.4 92.7 92.2 71.7 60.9 65.6 (+/-2.6) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.7) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.2) Total 91.3 91.6 91.5 67.4 59.1 62.8 (+/-1.6) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.1) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.5) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Non-Hispanic. + Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ========================================================================================= Return to top. Table_31 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 31. Percentage of high school students who reported being taught about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in school and percentage who reported talking about HIV/AIDS with parents or other adult family members, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ================================================================================================ Talked about HIV/AIDS infection with Taught about HIV/AIDS infection in school parents or other adult family members ----------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 79.9 79.9 79.9 67.1 57.4 62.2 American Samoa * 86.0 80.2 83.5 55.3 42.4 49.6 Arkansas 90.2 84.6 87.4 69.6 59.5 64.4 Connecticut 96.0 97.1 96.5 65.6 56.3 60.9 Guam * 85.6 80.7 83.3 59.1 41.6 50.8 Hawaii 94.5 94.1 94.3 55.9 48.2 51.8 Iowa 92.6 92.2 92.4 61.8 50.6 56.1 Kentucky 89.8 86.1 87.7 68.2 59.9 64.0 Louisiana 86.5 81.8 84.0 64.8 54.7 59.7 Maine 95.0 91.0 93.0 69.4 55.7 62.3 Massachusetts 94.2 91.7 92.9 61.1 52.8 56.8 Michigan 87.0 88.9 87.9 64.4 55.9 60.1 Mississippi 87.2 84.8 86.0 68.4 60.7 64.7 Missouri 90.1 88.1 89.1 62.9 52.5 57.6 Montana 93.4 93.0 93.2 66.1 58.0 62.0 Nevada 92.0 90.0 91.0 69.0 61.6 65.2 New York 93.8 90.6 92.2 68.1 59.1 63.6 Ohio 87.6 87.6 87.6 61.8 55.2 58.5 Rhode Island 96.3 93.9 95.0 66.2 50.8 58.4 South Carolina 90.8 89.9 90.3 70.2 60.6 65.4 South Dakota 93.9 91.8 92.8 61.6 45.9 53.6 Utah 91.8 90.3 90.9 64.9 57.3 60.9 Vermont 92.5 90.4 91.4 64.9 55.4 60.1 Virgin Islands * 95.5 90.2 92.9 69.2 58.5 63.9 West Virginia 91.5 92.3 91.9 70.5 56.0 63.5 Wisconsin 91.7 89.7 90.6 58.7 48.8 53.8 Wyoming 93.9 90.9 92.4 66.8 57.6 62.1 Unweighted data California + 91.3 92.2 91.8 64.2 56.5 60.6 Colorado 88.4 88.4 88.2 68.6 59.3 64.0 Delaware 95.4 91.1 93.1 69.1 59.7 64.8 Florida 93.3 90.2 91.7 73.3 63.3 68.4 New Hampshire 95.0 93.8 94.4 68.3 61.2 65.0 New Jersey 96.1 95.7 95.8 68.3 56.5 62.6 North Carolina 93.2 92.5 92.9 74.4 64.4 69.8 North Dakota 91.9 88.1 90.0 58.0 44.4 51.2 Tennessee 90.7 89.0 89.9 70.2 58.7 64.8 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 86.7 83.4 84.9 59.0 51.7 55.2 Chicago 88.0 82.7 85.6 73.6 57.3 66.2 Dallas 89.2 88.1 88.6 68.8 60.2 64.6 Detroit 85.1 80.5 82.9 74.3 68.1 71.5 District of Columbia 92.8 88.8 90.5 77.4 68.6 72.6 Ft. Lauderdale 92.5 89.3 90.9 73.2 63.8 68.5 Houston 85.0 80.3 82.7 68.3 59.4 64.1 Jersey City 89.6 86.0 87.9 68.8 62.9 66.0 Los Angeles 83.4 87.5 85.3 63.5 53.5 58.8 Miami 89.2 86.5 87.8 72.3 67.3 69.7 New Orleans 90.4 84.1 87.4 74.3 64.7 69.8 New York City 92.1 86.6 89.3 64.6 59.6 62.1 Philadelphia 92.4 91.1 91.8 73.2 63.8 68.5 San Diego 94.0 93.7 93.8 65.6 61.1 63.3 San Francisco 93.2 90.5 91.8 55.2 51.1 53.1 Unweighted data Baltimore 91.8 91.4 91.7 78.7 71.5 75.7 Newark 93.3 89.1 91.5 78.3 69.9 74.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Territories are included as states. + Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ================================================================================================ Return to top. Table_32 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 32. Percentage of high school students who had eaten five or more servings of fruits and vegetables, *+ percentage who had eaten no more than two servings of foods typically high in fat content, *& and percentage who thought they were overweight, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 ========================================================================================================================= Ate no more than two servings of foods Ate five or more servings of typically high in fat Thought they were fruits and vegetables content overweight -------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White @ 25.7 31.0 28.8 73.0 54.9 62.9 33.6 21.9 27.0 (+/-4.9)** (+/-2.7) (+/-2.9) (+/-3.2) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.2) (+/-3.5) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.0) Black @ 23.7 31.9 27.7 62.5 47.0 54.9 31.8 14.8 23.5 (+/-3.5) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.4) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.4) (+/-4.1) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.4) Hispanic 24.6 30.3 27.7 68.3 60.0 63.8 34.0 27.4 30.4 (+/-4.8) (+/-4.7) (+/-2.5) (+/-4.8) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.7) (+/-4.6) (+/-3.6) (+/-3.5) Grade 9 27.9 34.5 31.3 65.2 49.7 57.0 31.2 23.4 27.1 (+/-4.8) (+/-4.7) (+/-3.7) (+/-4.6) (+/-6.3) (+/-3.6) (+/-3.3) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.2) 10 29.3 33.6 31.7 69.4 51.6 59.6 31.9 21.2 26.0 (+/-4.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.3) (+/-4.7) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.9) (+/-5.2) (+/-3.5) (+/-3.7) 11 22.8 30.9 27.2 70.1 60.7 65.0 31.9 25.0 28.1 (+/-3.8) (+/-3.3) (+/-2.6) (+/-3.8) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.6) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.3) 12 23.3 30.1 27.2 77.1 58.9 66.9 38.3 19.8 27.9 (+/-5.8) (+/-4.7) (+/-3.5) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.0) (+/-3.5) (+/-5.7) (+/-2.3) (+/-2.6) Total 25.7 32.1 29.3 70.6 55.5 62.3 33.5 22.2 27.3 (+/-3.5) (+/-2.3) (+/-2.4) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.9) (+/-1.9) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.5) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Students who replied they had eaten a particular type of food zero, one, or two times were assigned a frequency of 0, 1.0, or 2.0, respectively; students who replied they had eaten a particular food three or more times were assigned a frequency of 3.0. The number of servings of fruits and vegetables ranged from zero through 12. The number of servings of foods typically high in fat content ranged from zero through nine. + Had eaten >= 5 servings of fruit, fruit juice, green salad, or cooked vegetables during the day preceding the survey. & Had eaten <= 2 servings of hamburgers, hot dogs, sausage, french fries, potato chips, cookies, doughnuts, pie, or cake during the day preceding the survey. @ Non-Hispanic. ** Ninety-five percent confidence interval. ========================================================================================================================= Return to top. Table_33 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 33. Percentage of high school students who had eaten five or more servings of fruits and vegetables, *+ percentage who had eaten no more than two servings of foods typically high in fat content, *& and percentage who thought they were overweight, by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 =============================================================================================================== Ate no more than two Ate five or more servings of servings of foods typically Thought they were fruits and vegetables high in fat content overweight ---------------------------- --------------------------- ---------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 16.7 21.2 19.0 63.4 47.2 55.4 30.8 21.0 26.1 American Samoa @ 35.4 49.7 41.6 46.8 46.3 46.5 33.8 18.9 27.2 Arkansas 16.6 23.0 19.9 63.8 45.5 54.4 36.4 22.6 29.4 Connecticut 29.9 36.6 33.5 75.9 57.7 66.8 33.1 24.2 28.6 Guam @ 33.7 34.7 34.2 69.5 51.3 60.9 31.5 27.8 29.8 Hawaii 27.8 37.4 32.8 69.7 59.6 64.5 40.7 27.2 33.5 Iowa 26.7 31.6 29.2 71.0 48.9 59.7 39.2 23.7 31.3 Kentucky 17.3 25.9 21.7 63.6 41.7 52.5 38.0 26.3 32.0 Louisiana 15.5 22.0 18.7 60.4 45.2 52.9 31.2 20.6 25.9 Maine 30.8 34.1 32.4 77.8 52.5 64.8 36.7 23.8 30.1 Massachusetts NA** NA NA 75.6 56.5 65.9 36.1 21.5 28.7 Michigan 23.5 28.2 25.8 72.8 50.7 61.8 39.1 22.0 30.4 Mississippi 18.0 24.3 21.1 55.2 46.3 50.9 31.1 19.3 25.3 Missouri 21.3 28.7 25.0 64.5 45.9 55.1 35.1 20.8 28.0 Montana 24.6 29.4 27.0 74.1 53.7 63.8 39.5 17.5 28.2 Nevada 23.5 27.3 25.4 75.4 60.2 67.6 31.7 21.8 26.6 New York 27.5 35.4 31.5 74.8 61.0 68.0 34.8 21.3 28.0 Ohio 21.6 27.0 24.4 69.0 50.2 59.5 35.2 20.4 27.8 Rhode Island 28.9 34.8 31.9 76.6 56.6 66.6 36.4 22.1 29.2 South Carolina 16.6 23.1 19.9 60.8 47.9 54.3 30.0 19.2 24.5 South Dakota 17.0 23.7 20.4 65.8 48.5 57.0 38.1 24.9 31.4 Utah 27.8 35.4 31.6 74.7 57.9 65.9 33.6 15.1 24.2 Vermont 36.7 42.2 39.5 NA NA NA 38.9 22.1 30.2 Virgin Islands @ 24.3 33.7 28.8 80.2 82.5 81.3 25.1 17.0 21.1 West Virginia 21.6 27.5 24.5 71.3 46.3 59.2 40.8 24.3 32.8 Wisconsin NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.4 26.9 31.1 Wyoming 22.1 29.3 25.8 74.3 49.0 61.5 35.3 20.3 27.6 Unweighted data California ++ 30.1 35.4 32.5 78.2 63.9 71.6 37.1 22.3 30.3 Colorado 28.5 35.9 32.3 71.2 52.0 61.8 28.7 17.2 23.0 Delaware 24.9 31.9 28.2 65.5 50.3 58.1 33.8 24.2 29.4 Florida 26.5 31.8 29.1 73.3 54.4 64.1 31.7 22.5 27.1 New Hampshire 26.0 39.3 32.3 80.4 56.2 69.0 37.6 21.9 30.2 New Jersey 29.4 32.9 31.2 74.9 55.5 65.7 32.6 18.6 25.9 North Carolina NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 33.0 20.0 North Dakota NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Tennessee 19.1 25.2 21.9 64.5 47.0 56.3 36.7 20.8 29.3 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston NA NA NA 69.7 60.5 65.1 28.5 17.3 23.0 Chicago 28.0 33.2 30.5 52.3 44.0 48.6 28.8 18.4 24.1 Dallas 17.9 22.8 20.4 60.7 52.3 56.6 33.5 17.8 25.9 Detroit 24.2 30.7 27.2 57.0 44.8 51.3 27.5 17.0 22.7 District of Columbia 26.8 32.6 29.8 64.1 49.9 57.0 27.0 20.4 23.8 Ft. Lauderdale 27.9 33.5 30.7 68.7 58.2 63.4 28.9 20.7 24.8 Houston 21.9 31.8 26.5 67.4 52.1 60.2 30.5 22.2 26.6 Jersey City 23.6 23.0 23.3 62.3 56.9 59.8 26.2 18.2 22.4 Los Angeles 27.0 34.6 30.5 73.3 61.5 67.8 34.9 24.5 30.0 Miami 25.5 33.3 29.5 70.1 55.3 62.7 30.3 22.6 26.4 New Orleans 21.7 27.3 24.3 56.6 45.6 51.5 27.5 16.3 22.2 New York City 29.2 35.7 32.5 74.1 62.8 68.5 32.8 21.0 27.0 Philadelphia 19.3 28.0 23.6 65.4 52.4 58.9 27.6 14.6 21.2 San Diego 27.8 32.8 30.3 68.4 56.6 62.5 34.6 21.9 28.2 San Francisco 29.7 38.5 34.1 77.2 67.5 72.3 37.3 23.4 30.3 Unweighted data Baltimore 22.6 27.7 24.6 58.1 44.4 52.3 29.7 16.6 24.1 Newark 25.0 32.7 28.1 60.4 47.7 55.1 27.9 15.4 22.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Students who replied they had eaten a particular type of food zero, one, or two times were assigned a frequency of 0, 1.0, or 2.0, respectively; students who replied they had eaten a particular food three or more times were assigned a frequency of 3.0. The number of servings of fruits and vegetables ranged from zero through 12. The number of servings of food typically high in fat content ranged from zero through nine. + Had eaten >= 5 servings of fruit, fruit juice, green salad, and cooked vegetables during the day preceding the survey. & Had eaten <= 2 servings of hamburgers, hot dogs, sausage, french fries, potato chips, cookies, doughnuts, pie, or cake during the day preceding the survey. @ U.S. territories are included as states. ** Not available. ++ Survey did not include students from Los Angeles Unified School District. =============================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_34 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 34. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in behaviors associated with weight control, * by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =============================================================================================================================================================================================== Took laxatives or vomited Took diet pills to lose Were attempting to lose weight or weight or to control Dieted to lose weight or Exercised to lose weight weight loss to control weight gain weight gain to control weight gain or to control weight gain ------------------------------- ------------------------------- -------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White + 62.2 22.0 39.6 7.5 1.6 4.2 8.5 1.9 4.8 47.9 16.6 30.4 69.7 38.6 52.2 (+/-2.2)& (+/-1.5) (+/-2.5) (+/-1.6) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.7) (+/-2.0) (+/-0.6) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.9) (+/-3.8) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.6) Black + 50.7 20.0 35.7 6.3 4.0 5.2 5.0 3.6 4.3 33.8 15.6 25.0 49.2 37.5 43.5 (+/-4.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.7) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.9) (+/-1.5) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.5) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.9) (+/-2.0) Hispanic 61.1 32.7 45.7 10.4 3.2 6.5 9.6 4.1 6.6 46.3 22.6 33.4 64.5 47.9 55.5 (+/-4.3) (+/-4.5) (+/-4.1) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.1) (+/-3.0) (+/-1.6) (+/-1.7) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.1) (+/-3.1) (+/-4.4) (+/-4.7) (+/-3.9) Grade 9 60.5 23.0 40.8 8.3 2.2 5.1 8.2 2.5 5.2 45.6 17.9 31.0 67.1 40.5 53.1 (+/-3.6) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.1) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.5) (+/-1.4) (+/-3.9) (+/-1.9) (+/-2.5) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.7) (+/-2.5) 10 59.5 21.2 38.4 8.8 1.9 5.0 7.5 2.2 4.6 47.3 16.7 30.5 67.2 40.2 52.3 (+/-5.6) (+/-3.4) (+/-4.1) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.0) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.9) (+/-0.9) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.6) (+/-3.3) (+/-4.0) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.4) 11 58.5 23.5 39.4 7.0 2.4 4.5 7.7 1.9 4.5 43.5 17.0 29.0 64.3 38.8 50.4 (+/-3.9) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.1) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.1) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.2) (+/-1.8) (+/-4.9) (+/-2.2) (+/-2.7) 12 60.3 24.5 40.2 6.0 1.6 3.5 8.3 2.8 5.2 46.4 18.7 30.8 63.4 40.2 50.3 (+/-4.3) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.3) (+/-1.7) (+/-0.9) (+/-0.9) (+/-3.2) (+/-1.3) (+/-1.8) (+/-3.6) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.8) (+/-4.6) (+/-3.0) (+/-3.5) Total 59.7 23.1 39.7 7.5 2.1 4.5 8.0 2.4 4.9 45.7 17.6 30.4 65.4 39.9 51.5 (+/-1.8) (+/-1.2) (+/-1.7) (+/-1.1) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.6) (+/-1.5) (+/-0.6) (+/-0.8) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.4) (+/-1.2) (+/-2.6) (+/-1.8) (+/-1.7) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * During the 30 days preceding the survey. + Non-Hispanic. & Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =============================================================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_35 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 35. Percentage of high school students who reported engaging in behaviors associated with weight control, * by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================== Took laxatives or vomited Took diet pills to lose Were attempting to lose weight or weight or to control Dieted to lose weight or Exercised to lose weight weight loss to control weight gain weight gain to control weight gain or to control weight gain ---------------------- ------------------------- ----------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 55.8 22.8 39.4 9.5 3.6 6.6 12.6 4.0 8.5 47.3 14.4 31.0 60.1 34.7 47.5 American Samoa + 60.3 39.3 51.0 11.8 7.3 9.8 8.5 5.7 7.3 52.9 33.0 44.0 64.1 59.9 62.3 Arkansas 58.1 25.8 41.6 10.5 2.7 6.5 15.0 3.7 9.2 45.4 14.7 29.7 62.1 36.7 49.1 Connecticut 61.2 24.9 43.0 9.3 0.7 5.0 9.2 1.5 5.3 48.3 16.8 32.4 69.2 41.5 55.2 Guam + 54.9 31.9 44.0 13.9 4.8 9.6 8.2 3.5 6.0 51.0 28.2 40.3 55.7 50.9 53.4 Hawaii 60.2 31.0 45.1 7.0 2.1 4.4 6.1 1.8 3.8 45.8 22.0 33.4 66.3 52.2 59.0 Iowa 68.0 24.9 45.9 8.5 1.7 5.0 12.0 2.6 7.2 50.7 15.5 32.7 72.0 37.2 54.2 Kentucky 62.4 26.4 44.2 10.3 2.8 6.5 14.8 3.3 9.0 52.7 15.3 33.8 67.9 40.7 54.1 Louisiana 54.5 24.0 39.2 9.4 4.1 6.8 12.0 5.1 8.6 43.0 16.2 29.6 59.2 39.4 49.3 Maine 65.7 27.6 46.3 9.5 4.3 6.8 9.2 5.2 7.2 49.6 14.9 32.0 70.3 39.0 54.3 Massachusetts 62.5 23.2 42.6 8.4 4.5 6.5 9.0 3.5 6.3 47.1 14.0 30.3 66.3 37.7 51.9 Michigan 63.1 26.6 44.8 8.8 3.3 6.1 10.2 2.6 6.5 47.0 17.0 32.2 68.9 42.5 55.7 Mississippi 53.4 21.9 38.0 6.9 3.0 5.0 9.7 3.1 6.5 40.3 15.0 27.9 52.5 37.6 45.3 Missouri 59.0 25.9 42.4 8.6 3.2 5.9 11.6 3.3 7.4 44.0 18.2 30.9 64.9 41.6 53.2 Montana 65.0 19.5 41.7 10.5 3.3 6.9 11.5 3.6 7.4 45.7 14.2 29.6 70.7 36.6 53.2 Nevada 57.4 25.0 40.8 8.3 1.5 4.8 9.8 2.7 6.2 42.1 20.6 31.1 68.5 46.9 57.6 New York 57.1 24.5 40.7 8.1 2.5 5.3 7.7 2.7 5.2 45.2 17.9 31.5 65.9 41.3 53.5 Ohio 60.2 22.9 41.3 9.5 3.0 6.3 9.1 2.1 5.6 46.7 15.6 31.1 66.2 40.2 53.1 Rhode Island 61.5 25.0 43.2 8.8 3.3 6.1 7.5 2.7 5.1 48.5 16.2 32.4 67.5 39.5 53.5 South Carolina 54.2 23.2 38.5 8.5 3.8 6.1 9.9 4.8 7.4 40.5 14.1 27.2 56.9 36.7 46.7 South Dakota 66.0 26.3 46.0 10.1 1.6 5.8 11.3 3.4 7.3 46.0 14.8 30.2 68.2 35.5 51.7 Utah 62.7 16.3 39.0 10.7 2.6 6.6 12.3 2.0 7.1 43.2 11.0 26.8 74.7 31.8 52.8 Vermont 60.3 22.6 40.8 9.5 3.5 6.4 7.9 3.5 5.7 42.9 13.1 27.7 64.8 34.2 49.1 Virgin Islands + 39.9 22.1 31.1 2.7 3.6 3.1 3.7 2.0 2.8 26.5 15.5 21.1 40.0 36.7 38.4 West Virginia 66.0 26.6 46.8 9.4 2.7 6.1 13.3 3.4 8.5 52.6 16.6 35.0 69.2 39.0 54.6 Wisconsin 59.8 27.1 43.1 5.6 3.1 4.3 8.9 2.8 5.8 44.6 17.6 30.9 67.1 37.6 52.0 Wyoming 61.2 23.4 42.0 9.1 4.2 6.6 14.6 4.5 9.5 47.1 17.0 31.9 68.7 38.9 53.6 Unweighted data California & 62.6 24.3 45.0 7.5 2.4 5.2 8.1 2.5 5.5 46.6 17.2 33.1 66.5 41.7 55.1 Colorado 57.9 18.8 38.8 9.5 1.6 5.6 10.8 1.8 6.3 41.8 13.4 28.0 70.2 34.7 52.8 Delaware 55.0 27.5 41.8 8.0 4.8 6.7 10.2 5.8 8.1 40.3 18.0 29.7 57.2 36.3 47.2 Florida 56.9 23.4 40.4 7.9 3.2 5.6 9.1 3.6 6.4 44.7 16.5 30.9 62.6 38.8 50.9 New Hampshire 65.1 25.0 46.2 10.3 1.7 6.3 12.0 1.6 7.1 51.0 13.5 33.3 72.5 37.9 56.2 New Jersey 61.3 21.6 42.3 7.6 1.5 4.7 7.7 2.3 5.1 47.7 14.3 31.7 65.0 38.8 52.5 North Carolina 58.1 23.9 42.3 7.9 4.2 6.2 10.7 6.1 8.6 42.0 16.5 30.4 62.3 37.2 50.7 North Dakota 62.4 25.0 43.6 9.2 2.0 5.6 13.1 2.9 8.0 45.3 9.4 27.3 69.8 31.3 50.6 Tennessee 60.7 26.9 44.7 10.1 2.6 6.5 13.0 2.3 7.9 50.7 16.5 34.6 62.4 40.6 52.2 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 49.2 25.1 37.7 7.4 9.2 8.3 7.8 5.8 7.0 36.3 17.8 27.4 50.6 36.6 43.7 Chicago 47.9 30.5 40.1 6.3 6.5 6.4 4.6 6.5 5.5 30.6 20.8 26.2 49.2 47.6 48.5 Dallas 54.8 26.8 41.0 7.0 3.3 5.2 6.5 1.6 4.1 39.5 17.2 28.6 57.9 45.4 51.8 Detroit 49.4 20.5 35.9 5.2 4.2 4.7 4.7 4.0 4.3 37.6 16.7 27.9 54.0 42.9 48.9 District of Columbia 46.7 23.3 35.1 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.3 5.6 5.1 31.9 18.2 25.1 50.1 43.0 46.7 Ft. Lauderdale 53.7 22.5 38.0 6.1 5.3 5.7 8.9 4.9 6.9 42.5 17.0 29.7 59.3 38.3 48.8 Houston 53.3 29.8 42.4 7.2 5.9 6.6 6.4 5.4 5.9 42.9 19.5 32.0 62.4 46.2 54.9 Jersey City 44.0 20.8 33.0 6.1 4.5 5.4 5.1 2.2 3.7 36.5 14.2 26.0 45.0 39.3 42.4 Los Angeles 58.0 32.5 46.1 6.5 2.8 4.8 7.5 2.8 5.3 48.4 21.5 35.8 61.1 47.8 54.8 Miami 52.7 28.2 40.2 7.7 3.3 5.5 5.5 3.7 4.6 42.1 22.6 32.2 57.9 43.4 50.5 New Orleans 44.5 21.7 34.0 7.4 6.4 6.9 6.2 5.4 5.8 32.6 16.8 25.3 48.0 39.6 44.1 New York City 53.6 25.8 40.0 6.5 2.8 4.7 4.9 2.7 3.8 39.0 17.3 28.4 59.5 44.3 52.1 Philadelphia 49.8 21.2 35.6 6.2 2.7 4.5 5.1 1.0 3.0 35.9 16.5 26.3 53.7 37.8 45.8 San Diego 54.8 27.3 41.0 7.8 3.0 5.4 7.7 4.5 6.1 42.2 17.4 29.7 64.6 44.6 54.5 San Francisco 56.2 26.8 41.3 5.5 2.7 4.1 4.8 3.3 4.0 38.0 16.1 26.9 54.2 40.3 47.1 Unweighted data Baltimore 45.5 21.1 35.0 3.7 3.6 3.6 2.6 1.7 2.2 28.5 13.8 22.3 46.8 37.0 42.8 Newark 43.4 18.5 33.0 5.1 2.5 4.0 4.5 2.2 3.6 31.5 14.8 24.6 47.3 35.4 42.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * During the 30 days preceding the survey. + U.S. territories are included as states. & Survey did not include students from Los Angeles Unified School District. =========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_36 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 36. Percentage of high school students who participated in vigorous physical activity, * moderate physical activity, + stretching exercises, & and strengthening exercises, @ by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================== Participated in vigorous Participated in moderate Participated in stretching Participated physical activity physical activity exercises in strengthening exercises ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White ** 58.4 73.4 66.8 15.7 17.8 16.8 53.4 51.5 52.4 46.1 57.8 52.7 (+/-5.7)++ (+/-2.6) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.5) (+/-2.4) (+/-4.8) (+/-4.0) (+/-3.5) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.1) (+/-3.0) Black ** 41.3 67.1 53.9 27.2 29.4 28.3 41.8 54.0 47.8 34.8 59.2 46.7 (+/-4.1) (+/-3.3) (+/-3.0) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.4) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.5) (+/-4.0) (+/-5.4) (+/-2.1) (+/-3.0) Hispanic 49.9 69.2 60.4 24.8 28.4 26.7 49.9 54.1 52.2 43.2 61.7 53.3 (+/-4.9) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.1) (+/-4.2) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.1) (+/-4.8) (+/-4.6) (+/-2.4) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.6) (+/-3.4) Grade 9 66.1 78.7 72.7 27.6 28.6 28.1 59.8 57.1 58.4 52.0 63.1 57.8 (+/-4.8) (+/-4.1) (+/-3.0) (+/-5.0) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.2) (+/-5.0) (+/-5.8) (+/-4.5) (+/-3.9) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.5) 10 55.7 74.3 65.9 20.8 23.7 22.3 54.6 55.0 54.9 44.5 56.7 51.2 (+/-3.2) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.7) (+/-3.0) (+/-4.0) (+/-2.9) (+/-4.4) (+/-6.3) (+/-4.3) (+/-4.7) (+/-5.4) (+/-4.1) 11 49.4 68.9 60.0 17.0 17.8 17.4 46.9 47.9 47.5 42.9 58.6 51.5 (+/-5.0) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.7) (+/-4.0) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.4) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.5) (+/-5.2) (+/-4.0) (+/-4.3) 12 43.6 68.4 57.5 14.2 15.3 14.8 41.0 48.9 45.5 34.3 55.0 46.0 (+/-7.7) (+/-2.6) (+/-3.8) (+/-3.0) (+/-2.4) (+/-1.8) (+/-6.3) (+/-5.2) (+/-3.9) (+/-5.2) (+/-6.1) (+/-4.1) Total 53.5 72.3 63.8 19.7 20.9 20.4 50.4 52.0 51.3 43.2 58.1 51.4 (+/-3.8) (+/-2.0) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.1) (+/-2.0) (+/-3.1) (+/-3.5) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.7) (+/-2.8) (+/-2.4) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Activities that caused sweating and hard breathing for at least 20 minutes on >= 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey. + Walked or bicycled for at least 30 minutes on >= 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey. & Such as toe touching, knee bending, or leg stretching on >= 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey. @ Such as push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on >= 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey. ** Non-Hispanic. ++ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =========================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_37 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 37. Percentage of high school students who participated in vigorous physical activity, * moderate physical activity, + stretching exercises, & and strengthening exercises, @ by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 =================================================================================================================================== Participated in vigorous Participated in modera Participated Participated physical activity physical activity in stretching exercises in strengthening exercises ------------------------ ------------------------ ----------------------- -------------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 45.8 64.4 55.1 14.8 15.1 15.0 43.6 46.4 44.9 35.1 51.4 43.1 American Samoa ** 55.7 73.1 63.4 33.9 35.9 34.8 42.7 55.4 48.3 33.9 57.8 44.3 Arkansas 46.7 69.9 58.5 19.8 19.7 19.8 41.5 46.8 44.2 32.6 53.9 43.5 Connecticut 56.2 76.2 66.3 18.9 23.3 21.1 48.1 49.1 48.6 42.9 50.6 46.7 Guam ** 44.8 70.1 56.9 28.2 22.2 25.4 45.8 48.4 47.1 32.2 53.8 42.6 Hawaii 48.1 72.6 60.8 26.3 26.6 26.6 44.7 55.1 50.0 35.1 59.6 47.8 Iowa 57.1 76.1 66.8 16.7 16.1 16.4 54.3 54.4 54.3 45.5 59.6 52.6 Kentucky 48.5 71.0 59.7 17.4 18.7 18.1 41.8 46.8 44.2 33.7 50.8 42.2 Louisiana 49.0 68.9 59.0 20.9 22.4 21.7 46.2 51.4 48.8 36.1 55.4 45.7 Maine 59.3 64.5 61.9 15.6 19.7 17.7 53.2 49.6 51.3 48.3 53.1 50.7 Massachusetts 52.7 68.8 60.8 22.8 25.6 24.2 NA++ NA NA 39.7 51.4 45.5 Michigan 51.0 67.0 59.0 20.9 19.7 20.5 50.5 49.8 50.2 47.7 56.1 51.9 Mississippi 40.4 65.8 53.0 20.8 27.1 23.9 30.6 47.0 38.7 26.8 52.7 39.6 Missouri 49.1 73.3 61.4 19.4 20.9 20.1 47.7 53.4 50.5 43.9 56.8 50.5 Montana 59.7 71.2 65.6 16.9 19.6 18.3 58.7 52.7 55.6 51.9 59.3 55.7 Nevada 58.1 73.6 66.0 24.4 25.8 25.2 53.7 58.9 56.4 47.8 64.9 56.7 New York 57.1 74.6 65.8 23.6 26.7 25.2 52.1 52.7 52.4 46.0 57.9 52.0 Ohio 49.5 68.2 59.1 18.9 21.0 19.9 50.3 52.6 51.6 46.0 58.5 52.3 Rhode Island 51.9 71.9 61.7 24.6 23.6 24.1 45.1 43.6 44.4 41.2 52.9 47.0 South Carolina 41.9 63.5 52.8 16.1 15.9 16.0 41.3 43.4 42.4 33.6 50.1 41.9 South Dakota 54.8 64.6 59.7 11.4 15.0 13.2 47.0 47.9 47.5 43.7 50.9 47.3 Utah 64.1 78.4 71.2 16.8 19.3 17.9 56.3 50.9 53.6 47.0 59.2 53.1 Vermont 57.8 65.1 61.5 17.0 21.4 19.3 NA NA NA NA NA NA Virgin Islands ** 41.1 60.3 50.6 38.0 31.1 34.6 31.4 38.2 34.8 18.4 44.2 31.2 West Virginia 53.5 74.6 63.7 20.2 21.0 20.6 48.3 46.0 47.2 39.0 55.2 46.9 Wisconsin 57.4 67.5 62.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Wyoming 57.4 68.9 63.2 18.6 20.7 19.7 54.4 50.8 52.6 48.1 57.2 52.7 Unweighted data California && 57.9 73.8 65.2 24.6 27.6 26.0 51.7 53.3 52.4 44.0 58.8 50.8 Colorado 63.8 73.2 68.5 27.3 23.7 25.5 60.1 57.5 58.8 55.8 65.0 60.3 Delaware 48.7 63.4 55.7 20.3 17.9 19.2 43.4 46.2 44.8 37.2 47.9 42.2 Florida 51.4 71.2 61.1 19.0 23.2 21.1 46.8 49.6 48.1 36.8 56.1 46.3 New Hampshire 58.0 73.6 65.4 20.0 22.5 21.1 48.3 48.3 48.3 40.9 53.4 46.8 New Jersey 59.0 76.4 67.3 24.7 25.8 25.2 60.0 57.4 58.6 49.6 61.1 55.0 North Carolina 46.8 65.6 55.3 NA NA NA 43.8 48.5 45.8 36.0 54.2 44.2 North Dakota 50.9 69.9 60.4 16.4 15.8 16.1 49.3 50.6 50.0 38.9 53.8 46.4 Tennessee 48.8 70.7 59.1 16.8 20.8 18.6 44.8 51.3 47.9 36.8 55.3 45.5 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 29.3 56.8 42.6 30.2 27.0 28.7 NA NA NA 24.1 43.9 33.7 Chicago 49.6 65.4 56.7 36.1 33.3 34.8 45.7 54.2 49.5 38.2 60.4 48.2 Dallas 42.2 69.5 55.6 24.2 28.8 26.5 41.8 49.5 45.6 32.6 55.7 44.0 Detroit 39.4 64.4 50.9 29.9 27.6 29.0 40.0 45.4 42.5 34.3 59.4 45.8 District of Columbia 38.1 62.3 50.2 36.0 35.1 35.4 35.3 49.0 42.0 31.6 53.0 42.3 Ft. Lauderdale 44.1 68.2 56.2 24.0 26.0 25.0 42.1 45.1 43.6 36.2 55.3 45.8 Houston 53.0 68.6 60.2 23.2 27.0 25.0 46.7 46.2 46.5 40.1 56.7 47.8 Jersey City 37.8 57.5 47.0 47.1 41.2 44.2 40.5 47.3 43.8 33.4 51.2 41.8 Los Angeles 53.0 69.7 60.8 33.1 36.3 34.6 51.6 56.6 53.9 42.5 63.7 52.3 Miami 39.0 63.2 51.2 22.0 26.3 24.2 38.3 45.8 42.0 32.7 55.4 44.1 New Orleans 37.1 59.9 47.7 33.8 31.0 32.5 37.6 41.0 39.2 28.4 48.3 37.5 New York City 53.5 73.4 63.2 32.9 34.3 33.6 51.6 53.5 52.5 41.7 60.5 50.9 Philadelphia 38.0 71.4 54.4 37.2 35.7 36.4 40.9 47.9 44.3 34.0 54.1 43.8 San Diego 60.5 74.2 67.4 26.6 30.6 28.6 57.1 60.0 58.6 44.5 60.6 52.5 San Francisco 41.7 62.6 52.3 26.1 30.9 28.5 43.3 47.7 45.5 30.0 48.4 39.4 Unweighted data Baltimore 32.2 65.3 46.2 39.5 34.1 37.2 29.6 44.6 36.1 24.6 53.8 37.0 Newark 34.5 65.7 47.4 40.3 37.1 39.0 35.4 45.4 39.6 28.8 53.1 38.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Activities that caused sweating and hard breathing for at least 20 minutes on >= 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey. + Walked or bicycled for at least 30 minutes on >= 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey. & Such as toe touching, knee bending, or leg stretching on >= 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey. @ Such as push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on >= 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey. ** U.S. territories are included as states. ++ Not available. && Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles United School District. =================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_38 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 38. Percentage of high school students who were enrolled in a physical education (PE) class, attended PE class daily, spent at least 20 minutes exercising in an average PE class, * played on sports teams run by the school, + and played on sports teams unaffiliated with the school, + by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade -- United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1997 =========================================================================================================================================================================================================== Exercised >= 20 minutes in Played on sports teams Played on sports teams Enrolled in PE class Attended PE class daily an average PE class run by the school unaffiliated with the school ------------------------------------ ---------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Category Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Race/Ethnicity White & 46.7 51.8 49.5 21.3 25.8 23.8 66.7 79.4 74.1 49.4 58.7 54.6 34.7 46.6 41.4 (+/-16.2)@ (+/-14.8) (+/-15.0) (+/-6.9) (+/-7.6) (+/-6.8) (+/-8.1) (+/-5.4) (+/-6.8) (+/-6.6) (+/-4.1) (+/-4.6) (+/-4.9) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.7) Black & 39.4 53.7 46.3 28.2 37.1 32.5 67.3 73.9 71.0 32.9 56.4 44.3 25.1 51.8 38.0 (+/-6.0) (+/-6.6) (+/-5.7) (+/-5.4) (+/-6.7) (+/-5.8) (+/-6.8) (+/-5.5) (+/-4.6) (+/-3.5) (+/-3.2) (+/-2.5) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.8) (+/-2.9) Hispanic 50.3 52.6 51.6 37.3 39.3 38.4 67.7 78.6 73.8 32.3 46.9 40.2 24.0 40.5 32.9 (+/-6.2) (+/-6.0) (+/-5.3) (+/-5.9) (+/-4.8) (+/-3.9) (+/-10.0) (+/-3.8) (+/-5.4) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.6) (+/-3.7) (+/-3.4) (+/-2.8) Grade 9 68.7 69.6 69.2 42.1 43.0 42.6 68.7 78.5 73.9 48.5 57.2 53.1 36.8 51.3 44.4 (+/-8.5) (+/-6.9) (+/-6.9) (+/-11.2) (+/-10.7) (+/-10.5) (+/-6.9) (+/-4.3) (+/-4.9) (+/-4.8) (+/-6.1) (+/-4.5) (+/-3.7) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.1) 10 50.1 56.0 53.3 28.1 32.8 30.6 65.8 77.5 72.6 45.0 58.0 52.2 34.7 47.3 41.7 (+/-14.2) (+/-12.0) (+/-12.7) (+/-7.2) (+/-6.9) (+/-6.4) (+/-9.0) (+/-5.8) (+/-7.3) (+/-5.6) (+/-6.4) (+/-5.5) (+/-5.3) (+/-4.3) (+/-3.9) 11 34.2 43.5 39.3 15.5 22.5 19.3 62.5 78.3 72.1 40.7 54.0 48.0 26.4 41.6 34.7 (+/-12.2) (+/-12.8) (+/-11.8) (+/-4.0) (+/-5.8) (+/-3.8) (+/-9.6) (+/-3.8) (+/-4.9) (+/-5.8) (+/-4.2) (+/-3.3) (+/-4.7) (+/-5.5) (+/-4.0) 12 28.4 42.3 36.1 13.9 23.2 19.1 73.3 80.1 77.7 35.7 53.4 45.5 21.9 42.6 33.5 (+/-12.4) (+/-15.2) (+/-13.6) (+/-5.5) (+/-7.3) (+/-5.7) (+/-6.9) (+/-4.4) (+/-5.1) (+/-8.2) (+/-5.5) (+/-6.1) (+/-5.9) (+/-4.8) (+/-4.9) Total 44.9 52.0 48.8 24.6 29.8 27.4 67.5 78.5 73.9 42.3 55.5 49.5 29.8 45.4 38.3 (+/-11.2) (+/-11.2) (+/-10.9) (+/-5.4) (+/-6.5) (+/-5.6) (+/-6.3) (+/-3.2) (+/-4.6) (+/-4.4) (+/-3.4) (+/-3.5) (+/-3.9) (+/-3.2) (+/-3.0) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Among students enrolled in PE class. + During the 12 months preceding the survey. & Non-Hispanic. @ Ninety-five percent confidence interval. =========================================================================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. Table_39 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size. TABLE 39. Percentage of high school students who were enrolled in a physical education (PE) class, attended PE class daily, spent at least 20 minutes exercising in an average PE class, * played on sports teams run by the school, + and played on sports teams unaffiliated with the school, + by sex -- selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1997 ======================================================================================================================================================== Played on sports teams Exercised >= 20 minutes Played on sports teams unaffiliated Enrolled in PE class Attended PE class daily in an average PE class run by the school with the school ---------------------- ----------------------- ----------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- Site Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ STATE SURVEYS Weighted data Alabama 42.7 58.0 50.3 37.1 48.1 42.4 62.0 75.7 69.7 34.5 50.2 42.3 29.1 39.6 34.3 American Samoa & 50.7 56.2 53.1 27.8 28.4 28.0 59.5 67.7 63.3 48.1 67.4 56.6 56.4 67.9 61.4 Arkansas 33.7 41.5 37.7 26.5 31.1 28.8 71.4 80.0 76.3 31.3 48.6 40.1 28.2 41.8 35.1 Connecticut 68.9 71.3 70.1 12.5 17.6 15.2 65.8 74.7 70.4 47.3 57.6 52.4 29.2 46.5 38.0 Guam & 50.5 49.3 50.0 41.7 39.7 40.8 NA@ NA 66.4 23.7 31.1 27.2 30.9 41.6 35.9 Hawaii 34.7 45.7 40.4 8.7 14.5 11.6 76.1 82.4 79.7 32.9 47.8 40.6 32.6 45.8 39.6 Iowa 76.6 79.4 78.0 8.8 9.5 9.1 62.4 70.6 66.6 53.6 66.8 60.3 30.7 45.7 38.3 Kentucky 25.5 36.9 31.3 16.9 27.4 22.3 68.4 84.0 77.4 33.3 46.7 40.0 25.2 45.3 35.1 Louisiana 56.2 66.0 61.1 43.3 49.6 46.4 61.2 75.0 68.5 32.4 50.7 41.6 26.8 42.7 34.8 Maine 45.4 49.2 47.3 7.8 6.7 7.3 81.1 82.2 81.7 52.0 55.9 54.1 31.8 44.8 38.4 Massachusetts 71.1 73.7 72.5 12.6 12.6 12.6 NA NA NA 42.2 54.0 48.2 28.2 48.2 38.3 Michigan 29.3 44.6 37.2 23.3 35.2 29.2 69.8 83.1 77.7 45.3 55.5 50.6 30.3 44.2 37.4 Mississippi 30.6 47.7 39.1 21.2 34.1 27.6 55.9 70.7 64.8 30.3 53.0 41.5 25.4 44.5 34.8 Missouri 38.6 53.6 46.2 25.9 31.4 28.7 66.5 77.5 73.0 38.3 52.1 45.3 30.2 46.3 38.2 Montana 50.5 56.4 53.6 31.5 33.7 32.7 77.3 78.9 78.2 51.3 56.9 54.0 34.8 50.8 42.9 Nevada 52.2 62.1 57.3 30.3 43.1 36.9 71.0 79.9 75.9 37.6 53.0 45.4 28.2 41.7 35.2 New York 91.3 92.5 91.9 19.4 20.5 20.0 62.1 70.3 66.2 42.2 53.2 47.7 29.2 47.1 38.2 Ohio 37.5 44.0 40.9 28.8 31.2 30.1 65.6 73.7 69.9 45.5 55.4 50.6 34.0 48.2 41.3 Rhode Island 92.0 89.6 90.8 12.5 14.5 13.4 62.5 70.1 66.3 37.6 51.8 44.7 32.7 47.2 39.9 South Carolina 33.7 46.7 40.3 12.5 16.1 14.3 63.1 72.3 68.4 30.7 45.2 38.0 25.2 43.0 34.2 South Dakota 32.4 31.9 32.2 11.7 13.2 12.5 76.2 79.8 78.0 48.3 56.5 52.4 40.6 47.4 44.0 Utah 46.2 59.5 53.0 26.6 33.8 30.2 73.1 87.2 81.3 35.9 47.4 41.8 41.3 56.3 49.1 Vermont 46.4 51.0 48.8 20.7 21.8 21.3 75.7 76.4 75.9 52.0 58.6 55.4 33.0 44.9 39.1 Virgin Islands & 56.7 60.5 58.6 50.3 50.7 50.5 63.6 77.7 70.8 21.9 33.1 27.4 18.8 41.7 30.1 West Virginia 29.6 41.6 35.4 22.8 30.5 26.5 70.4 75.7 73.5 34.3 49.6 41.8 27.7 49.2 38.1 Wisconsin 63.7 68.9 66.3 48.6 45.1 46.7 74.5 75.8 75.2 NA NA NA NA NA NA Wyoming 49.1 57.5 53.3 26.5 32.0 29.2 75.5 80.6 78.1 44.8 54.7 49.9 38.4 47.2 43.0 Unweighted data California ** 51.9 57.4 54.4 35.2 41.6 38.1 71.7 83.4 77.4 37.0 51.5 43.6 25.7 42.1 33.2 Colorado 34.8 46.7 40.6 24.8 34.9 29.7 85.0 86.3 85.4 49.2 54.7 51.8 37.3 46.9 42.0 Delaware 34.6 40.0 37.2 26.6 29.6 27.9 71.2 76.9 73.9 43.8 51.3 47.4 31.2 44.7 37.7 Florida 27.9 43.4 35.5 19.1 29.9 24.4 69.3 79.2 75.3 37.1 45.8 41.3 30.2 42.3 36.1 New Hampshire 33.3 41.1 36.9 21.8 26.4 23.9 78.6 80.0 79.3 44.6 52.7 48.4 28.9 46.0 37.0 New Jersey 87.3 86.1 86.7 63.5 60.9 62.2 58.2 67.0 62.3 51.8 56.5 54.0 28.9 44.6 36.3 North Carolina NA NA NA NA NA NA 35.5 50.2 41.9 NA NA NA NA NA NA North Dakota 56.1 60.2 58.1 40.8 45.2 43.0 75.0 75.2 75.1 51.3 59.5 55.4 32.5 42.6 37.5 Tennessee 34.0 41.6 37.5 23.9 29.1 26.2 63.0 78.7 71.2 33.5 47.6 40.0 27.6 43.1 34.8 LOCAL SURVEYS Weighted data Boston 62.4 63.0 62.8 4.8 8.3 6.6 NA NA NA 31.5 46.7 38.9 21.4 43.3 32.1 Chicago 90.9 89.6 90.2 83.4 77.5 80.7 55.6 68.4 61.2 33.2 50.7 41.0 28.0 52.1 38.7 Dallas 42.2 49.5 45.7 17.5 20.3 18.8 56.3 77.2 67.2 33.5 49.3 41.2 20.7 44.5 32.3 Detroit 30.5 46.4 37.7 23.8 34.9 28.7 54.6 66.7 61.5 29.5 43.6 36.0 25.1 44.5 34.1 District of Columbia 67.9 65.3 66.6 29.1 26.8 27.8 54.1 63.9 58.7 27.3 45.2 36.4 21.6 49.6 35.6 Ft. Lauderdale 25.4 43.4 34.4 17.9 29.9 23.9 65.3 78.1 73.4 33.5 45.0 39.3 25.4 47.2 36.4 Houston 65.8 69.6 67.6 26.1 29.2 27.5 60.0 70.5 65.2 33.9 42.6 38.0 26.4 41.4 33.5 Jersey City 52.5 52.2 52.3 39.6 38.4 39.0 67.3 73.2 70.1 33.1 48.0 40.1 18.7 38.9 28.2 Los Angeles 59.3 64.5 61.8 50.9 51.8 51.4 72.1 85.5 78.6 29.8 40.3 34.8 24.2 43.1 33.1 Miami 34.8 45.8 40.3 15.6 22.8 19.2 57.4 74.1 67.0 23.3 39.6 31.4 19.9 42.1 31.0 New Orleans 56.3 60.0 58.1 38.8 38.0 38.4 36.0 53.8 44.6 31.5 48.1 39.2 25.4 45.6 34.8 New York City 82.8 86.1 84.4 42.5 46.3 44.4 69.5 71.2 70.3 25.9 37.1 31.4 19.8 44.7 32.0 Philadelphia 51.3 63.5 57.2 26.7 36.4 31.4 51.4 69.3 61.1 27.4 39.9 33.5 21.1 53.1 36.8 San Diego 61.2 68.3 64.8 37.7 44.1 40.8 75.2 82.7 79.0 35.4 48.9 42.2 28.2 45.1 36.8 San Francisco 48.6 54.9 51.9 36.0 40.5 38.2 58.4 70.3 64.8 26.6 39.0 33.1 19.8 32.4 26.4 Unweighted data Baltimore 20.9 35.3 26.8 17.9 26.1 21.3 64.7 71.2 68.3 27.0 43.2 34.0 15.3 47.6 29.0 Newark 79.2 78.0 78.7 52.8 50.1 51.7 47.2 60.8 52.7 33.7 47.3 39.4 21.0 44.9 30.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Among students enrolled in PE class. + During the 12 months preceding the survey. & U.S. territories are included as states. @ Not available. ** Survey did not include students from the Los Angeles Unified School District. ======================================================================================================================================================== Return to top. 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