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West Nile Virus Activity --- United States, September 5--11,
2002, and Texas, January 1--September 9, 2002
This report summarizes West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance data reported to CDC through ArboNET and by states
and other jurisdictions as of 7:30 a.m. Mountain Daylight Time, September 11, 2002.
United States
During the reporting period of September 5--September 11, a total of 464 laboratory-positive human cases of
WNV-associated illness were reported from Illinois (n=127), Michigan (n=87), Ohio (n=53), Missouri (n=38), Indiana
(n=32), Texas (n=24), Mississippi (n=18), Louisiana (n=17), Nebraska (n=11), New York (n=nine), South Dakota
(n=six), Massachusetts (n=five), Minnesota (n=five), Wisconsin (n=five), Florida (n=four), Tennessee (n=four), Arkansas
(n=three), Maryland (n=three), Connecticut (n=two), the District of Columbia (n=two), Kentucky (n=two), New Jersey
(n=two), Virginia (n=two), Alabama (n=one), California (n=one), and Oklahoma (n=one). During this period, New Jersey reported
its first human cases for 2002, and California reported its first WNV activity ever. During the same period, WNV
infections were reported in 794 dead crows, 625 other dead birds, 533 horses, and 630 mosquito pools.
During 2002, a total of 1,201 human cases with laboratory evidence of recent WNV infection have been reported
from Illinois (n=292), Louisiana (n=222), Mississippi (n=122), Michigan (n=116), Ohio (n=93), Missouri (n=75), Texas
(n=67), Indiana (n=42), Tennessee (n=23), New York (n=22), Nebraska (n=15), Alabama (n=14), South Dakota (n=13),
Kentucky (n=12), Wisconsin (n=11), Minnesota (n=eight), Massachusetts (n=seven), Arkansas (n=six), Florida (n=six), Georgia
(n=six), Maryland (n=five), Virginia (n=five), North Dakota (n=four), Connecticut (n=three), the District of Columbia
(n=three), Oklahoma (n=three), New Jersey (n=two), California (n=one), Iowa (n=one), Pennsylvania (n=one), and South
Carolina (n=one) (Figure 1). Among the patients with available data, the median age was 54 years (range: 9 months--99 years);
532 (53%) were male, and the dates of illness onset ranged from June 10 to September 6. A total of 43 human deaths have
been reported. The median age of decedents was 79 years (range: 48--99 years); 26 (60%) deaths were among men. In
addition, 4,037 dead crows and 2,857 other dead birds with WNV infection were reported from 39 states, New York City, and
the District of Columbia; 1,692 WNV infections in mammals (all equines) have been reported from 29 states
(Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland,
Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South
Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and Wyoming). During 2002, WNV seroconversions have been reported
in 173 sentinel chicken flocks from Florida, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, and New York City; 2,577 WNV-positive mosquito
pools have been reported from 21 states (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky,
Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota,
Texas, Vermont, and Virginia), New York City, and the District of
Columbia.
Texas
During January 1--September 9, 2002, the Texas Department of Health (TDH) identified 67 persons with
WNV-associated encephalitis; 24 cases were laboratory confirmed, and 43 were classified as probable. One case was fatal.
Among 63 patients with available data, the median age was 55 years (range: 20--85 years); 57% were male. Cases have
been reported in 12 counties, with 42 cases reported in Harris County (Figure 2). The attack rate was 0.3 per 100,000
population in Texas and 1.2 in Harris County. In all but two counties, human cases were preceded by the identification of WNV in
other species.
WNV activity has been detected in 76 of Texas' 254 counties. Positive mosquito pools (132) have been found in
11 counties, positive birds (210) in 13 counties, and WNV-associated encephalitis in 297 horses in 62 counties.
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