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Selected References
- CDC. Investigational drug available directly from CDC for the treatment of infections with free-living amebae. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013;62(33):666.
- CDC. Balamuthia mandrillaris transmitted through organ transplantation---Mississippi, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(36):1165-70.
- CDC. Notes from the Field: Transplant-transmitted Balamuthia mandrillaris---Arizona, 2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(36);1182
- Cary LC, Maul E, Potter C, Wong P, Nelson PT, Given C, Robertson W. Balamuthia mandrillaris meningoencephalitis: survival of a pediatric patient. [PDF - 7 pages] Pediatrics. 2010;125: e699-703.
- M. Abramowicz. Drugs for Parasitic Infections. The Medical Letter. 2010.
- Martinez DY, Seas C, Bravo F, Legua P, Ramos C, Cabello AM, Gotuzzo E. Successful treatment of Balamuthia mandrillaris amoebic infection with extensive neurological and cutaneous involvement. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:e7-11.
- Schuster FL, Yagi S, Gavali S, Michelson D, Raghavan R, Blomquist I, Glastonbury C, Bollen AW, Scharnhorst D, Reed SL, Kuriyama S, Visvesvara V, Glaser CA. Under the radar: Balamuthia amebic encephalitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(7):879-87.
- CDC. Balamuthia amebic encephalitis---California 1999-2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2008;57(28):768-71.
- Kiderlen, AF, Radam E, Lewin A. Detection of Balamuthia mandrillaris DNA by real-time PCR targeting the RNase P gene. BMC Microbiol. 2008;8:210.
- Siddiqui R, Khan NA. Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis: an emerging disease with fatal consequences. Microb Pathog. 2008;44(2):89-97.
- Schuster FL, Yagi S, Wilkins PP, Gavali S, Visvesvara GS, Glaser CA. Balamuthia mandrillaris, agent of amebic encephalitis: detection of serum antibodies and antigenic similarity of isolates by enzyme immunoassay. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2008;55(4):313-320.
- Maciver SK. The threat from Balamuthia mandrillaris. J Med Microbiol. 2007;56(Pt 1):1-3.
- Perez MT, Bush LM. Balamuthia mandrillaris amebic encephalitis. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2007;9(4):323-8.
- Perez MT, Bush LM. Fatal amebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris in an immunocompetent host: a clinicopathological review of pathogenic free-living amebae in human hosts. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2007;11(6):440-7.
- Visvesvara GS, Moura H, Schuster FL. Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amoebae: Acanthamoeba spp. , Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2007;50(1):1-26.
- Schuster FL, Honarmand S, Visvesvara GS, Glaser CA. Detection of antibodies against free-living amoebae Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba species in a population of patients with encephalitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42(9):1260-5.
- Schuster FL, Glaser C, Honarmand S, Maguire JH, Visvesvara GS. Balamuthia amebic encephalitis risk, Hispanic-Americans. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10(8):1510–152.
- Schuster FL, Visvesvara GS. Free-living amoebae as opportunistic and non-opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals. Int J Parasitol. 2004;34(9):1001-27.
- Schuster FL, Visvesvara GS. Opportunistic amoebae: challenges in prophylaxis and treatment. Drug Resist Updat. 2004;7(1):41-51.
- Bravo F, Sanchez MR. New and re-emerging cutaneous infectious diseases in Latin America and other geographic areas. Dermatol Clin. 2003;21(4):655-68, viii.
- Dunnebacke TH, Schuster FL, Yagi S, Booton GC. Isolation of Balamuthia amebas from the environment. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2003;50 Suppl:510-11.
- Huang ZH, Ferrante A, Carter RF. Serum antibodies to Balamuthia mandrillaris, a free-living amoeba recently demonstrated to cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. J Infect Dis. 1999;179(5):1305-8.
- Martinez AJ, Visvesvara GS. Free-living, amphizoic and opportunistic amebas. Brain Pathol. 1997;7(1):583-98.
- Page last reviewed: February 17, 2016
- Page last updated: February 17, 2016
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