2016 Preliminary Data: Tables and Figures

Figure 1. Percentage change in incidence^* of culture-confirmed bacterial and parasitic infections in 2016^† compared with 2006-2008 average annual incidence,  by pathogen, FoodNet

Abbreviations: STEC=Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
*Estimates and confidence intervals indicate the relative change in incidence of that pathogen compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidences of these infections cannot be determined from the graph. No significant change=95% confidence interval is both above and below the no change line; significant increase=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are above the no change line; significant decrease=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are below the no change line.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.
^‡Listeria cases defined as isolation of L. monocytogenes from a normally sterile site or, in the setting of miscarriage or stillbirth, isolate of L. monocytogenes from placental or fetal tissue.

Figure 2. Percentage change in incidence^* of confirmed or CIDT-positive^† bacterial infections in 2016^‡ compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by pathogen^§, FoodNet

Abbreviations: CIDT=Culture-independent diagnostic test.
^*Estimates and confidence intervals indicate the relative change in incidence of that pathogen compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidences of these infections cannot be determined from the graph. No significant change=95% confidence interval is both above and below the no change line; significant increase=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are above the no change line; significant decrease=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are below the no change line.
^†CIDT-positive is defined as detection of the enteric pathogen in a stool specimen using a culture-independent diagnostic test. Any positive CIDT result that was confirmed by culture is counted only among confirmed infections.
^‡Data for 2016 are preliminary.
^§Percentage change for confirmed or CIDT-positive infections was not assessed for Listeria because all infections were confirmed; for STEC because only STEC O157 were reported in the comparison period and STEC serogroups cannot be determined among CIDT-positive infections.

Figure 3. Relative rates^* of confirmed infections with Campylobacter, STEC O157, Listeria^†, and Salmonella compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016^‡

Abbreviations: STEC=Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
^*The position of each line indicates the relative change in incidence of that pathogen compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidence of these infections cannot be determined from this graph.
^†Listeria cases defined as isolation of L. monocytogenes from a normally sterile site or, in the setting of miscarriage or stillbirth, isolate of L. monocytogenes from placental or fetal tissue.
^‡Data for 2016 are preliminary.

Download the data: Figure 3 – Relative rates of confirmed infections with Campylobacter, STEC O157, Listeria, and Salmonella compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016 [XLS – 9 KB]

Figure 4. Relative rates^* of confirmed infections with Cryptosporidium, Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016^†

^*The position of each line indicates the relative change in incidence of that pathogen compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidence of these infections cannot be determined from this graph.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.

Download the data: Figure 4 – Relative rates of confirmed infections with Cryptosporidium, Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016 [XLS – 9 KB]

Figure 5. Relative rates^* of confirmed or CIDT-positive^† bacterial infections with Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016^‡

Abbreviations: CIDT=Culture-independent diagnostic test.
^*The position of each line indicates the relative change in incidence of that pathogen compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidence of these infections cannot be determined from this graph.
^†CIDT-positive is defined as detection of the enteric pathogen in a stool specimen using a culture-independent diagnostic test. Any positive CIDT result that was confirmed by culture is counted only among confirmed infections.
^‡Data for 2016 are preliminary.

Download the data: Figure 5 – Relative rates of confirmed or CIDT-positive bacterial infections with Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016 [XLS – 9 KB]

Figure 6. Percentage change in incidence^* of confirmed bacterial and parasitic infections in 2016^† compared with 2013–2015 average annual incidence, by pathogen, FoodNet

Abbreviations: STEC=Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
^*Estimates and confidence intervals indicate the relative change in incidence of that pathogen compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidences of these infections cannot be determined from the graph. No significant change = 95% confidence interval is both above and below the no change line; significant increase = estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are above the no change line; significant decrease = estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are below the no change line.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.
^‡Listeria cases defined as isolation of L. monocytogenes from a normally sterile site or, in the setting of miscarriage or stillbirth, L. monocytogenes from placental or fetal tissue.

Figure 7. Percentage change in incidence^* of confirmed or CIDT-positive^† bacterial infections in 2016^‡ compared with 2013–2015 average annual incidence, by pathogen^§, FoodNet

Abbreviations: CIDT=Culture-independent diagnostic test; STEC=Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
^*Estimates and confidence intervals indicate the relative change in incidence of that pathogen compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidences of these infections cannot be determined from the graph. No significant change=95% confidence interval is both above and below the no change line; significant increase=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are above the no change line; significant decrease=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are below the no change line.
^†CIDT-positive is defined as detection of the enteric pathogen, or for STEC, Shiga toxin or the genes that encode a Shiga toxin, in a stool specimen or enrichment broth using a culture-independent diagnostic test. Any positive CIDT result that was confirmed by culture is counted only among confirmed infections.
^‡Data for 2016 are preliminary
^§Percentage change for confirmed or CIDT-positive infections was not assessed for Listeria because all infections were confirmed. All STEC serogroups were combined because it is not possible to distinguish between serogroups based only a CIDT test for Shiga toxin.

Table 1. Percentage change in incidence of confirmed or CIDT-positive^* bacterial, confirmed parasitic, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in 2016^† compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by pathogen, FoodNet

 Abbreviations: CIDT=Culture-independent diagnostic test; N/A=not applicable; STEC=Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
^*CIDT-positive is defined as the detection of the enteric pathogen, or for STEC, Shiga toxin or the genes that encode a Shiga toxin, in a stool specimen or enrichment broth using a culture-independent diagnostic test. Any positive CIDT result that was confirmed by culture is counted only among the confirmed infections. For STEC, only positive CIDT reports that were confirmed at the state public health laboratory were counted. Percentage change for confirmed or CIDT-positive infections was not assessed for Listeria because all infections were confirmed; for STEC O157, because it is not possible to distinguish between O157 and non-O157 based only on a CIDT test for Shiga toxin; for Cryptosporidium because all infections were confirmed; for Cyclospora, because changes over time were not evaluated; and for HUS, because all infections were confirmed.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.
^‡Percentage change reported as increase (↑) or decrease (↓).
^§Listeria cases defined as isolation of L. monocytogenes from a normally sterile site or, in the setting of miscarriage or stillbirth, isolation of L. monocytogenes from placental or fetal issue.
^¶Changes over time were not evaluated.
^**Change in incidence of postdiarrheal HUS in children aged <5 years for 2015.

Download the table: Table 1. Percentage change in incidence of confirmed or CIDT-positive bacterial, confirmed parasitic, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in 2016 compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by pathogen, FoodNet [XLS – 11 KB]

Table 2. Percentage change in incidence of confirmed or CIDT-positive^* bacterial, confirmed parasitic, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in 2016^† compared with 2013–2015 average annual incidence, by pathogen, FoodNet

 Abbreviations: CIDT=Culture-independent diagnostic test; N/A=not applicable; STEC=Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli; HUS=Hemolytic uremic syndrome.
^*CIDT-positive is defined as the detection of the enteric pathogen, or for STEC, Shiga toxin or the genes that encode a Shiga toxin, in a stool specimen or enrichment broth using a culture-independent diagnostic test. Any positive CIDT result that was confirmed by culture is counted only among the confirmed infections. For STEC, only positive CIDT reports that were confirmed at the state public health laboratory were counted. Percentage change for confirmed or CIDT-positive infections was not assessed for Listeria because all infections were confirmed; for STEC O157, because it is not possible to distinguish between O157 and non-O157 based only on a CIDT test for Shiga toxin; for Cryptosporidium because all infections were confirmed; for Cyclospora, because changes over time were not evaluated; and for HUS, because all infections were confirmed.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.
^‡Percentage change reported as increase (↑) or decrease (↓).
^§Listeria cases defined as isolation of L. monocytogenes from a normally sterile site or, in the setting of miscarriage or stillbirth, isolation of L. monocytogenes from placental or fetal issue.
^¶Changes over time were not evaluated.
^**Change in incidence of postdiarrheal HUS in children aged <5 years for 2015 compared with 2012–2014.

Download the table: Table 2. Percentage change in incidence of confirmed or CIDT-positive bacterial, confirmed parasitic, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in 2016 compared with 2013–2015 average annual incidence, by pathogen, FoodNet [XLS – 11 KB]

Figure 8. Percentage change in incidence^* of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top Salmonella serotypes in 2016^† compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by serotype, FoodNet

*Estimates and confidence intervals indicate the relative change in incidence of that serotype compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidence of these infections cannot be determined from the graph. No significant change=95% confidence interval is both above and below the no change line; significant increase=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are above the no change line; significant decrease=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are below the no change line.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.

Figure 9. Relative rates^* of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top Salmonella serotypes in 2016 compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016^†

^*The position of each line indicates the relative change in incidence of that serotype compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidences of these infections cannot be determined from this graph.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.

Download the data: Figure 9 – Relative rates of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top Salmonella serotypes in 2016 compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016 [XLS – 9 KB]

Figure 10. Relative rates^* of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top Salmonella serotypes in 2016 compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, by year, FoodNet, 2006–2016^†

*The position of each line indicates the relative change in incidence of that serotype compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidences of these infections cannot be determined from this graph.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.

Download the data: Figure 10 – Relative rates of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top Salmonella serotypes in 2016, compared with 2006–2008

Figure 11. Percentage change in incidence^* of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top Salmonella serotypes in 2016^† compared with 2013–2015 average annual incidence, by serotype, FoodNet

^*Estimates and confidence intervals indicate the relative change in incidence of that serotype compared with 2006–2008. Actual incidence of these infections cannot be determined from the graph. No significant change=95% confidence interval is both above and below the no change line; significant increase=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are above the no change line; significant decrease=estimate and entire 95% confidence interval are below the no change line.
^†Data for 2016 are preliminary.

Table 3. Percentage change in incidence of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top 10 Salmonella serotypes in 2016^* compared with 2006–2008 and 2013–2015 average annual incidence, by serotype, FoodNet

*Data for 2016 are preliminary.
^†Percentage change reported as increase (↑) or decrease (↓).

Download the table – Table 3. Percentage change in incidence of confirmed Salmonella infections with the top 10 Salmonella serotypes in 2016 compared with 2006–2008 and 2013–2015 average annual incidence, by serotype, FoodNet [XLS – 10 KB]

Table 4. Overall change in combined incidence of confirmed or CIDT-positive^* Campylobacter, Listeria⁺, Salmonella, STEC, Vibrio, and Yersinia in 2016^‡ compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, FoodNet

 Abbreviations: CIDT=Culture-independent diagnostic test; STEC=Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.
^*CIDT-positive is defined as detection of the enteric pathogen, or for STEC, Shiga toxin or the genes that encode a Shiga toxin, in a stool specimen or enrichment broth using a culture-independent diagnostic test. Any positive CIDT result that was confirmed by culture is counted only among the confirmed infections.
^†Listeria cases defined as isolation of L. monocytogenes from a normally sterile site or, in the setting of miscarriage or stillbirth, isolation of L. monocytogenes from placental or fetal issue.
^‡Data for 2016 are preliminary.
^§Overall change reported as increase (↑) or decrease (↓). This measure does not allow for assessment of changes in infections of individual pathogens.

Download the table: Table 4. Overall change in combined incidence of confirmed or CIDT-positive Vibrio, and Yersinia in 2016 compared with 2006–2008 average annual incidence, FoodNet [XLS – 9 KB]