MMWR – Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

1. November is American Diabetes Month 2010 (Box)

CDC Division of News and Electronic Media
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No Summary Available

2. Declining State and Regional Incidence of Diabetes-Related End-Stage Renal Disease Among Persons With Diagnosed Diabetes — United States and Puerto Rico, 1996–2007

CDC Division of News and Electronic Media
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End-stage renal disease (ESRD) (i.e., kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplantation) is a costly and disabling condition that can result in premature death. In the United States, diabetes is the leading cause of ESRD, accounting for 44 percent of new cases in 2007. From 1996 to 2007, the age-adjusted rate of new cases of ESRD attributed to diabetes (ESRD-D) among persons with diagnosed diabetes declined 35 percent overall, from 304.5 to 199.1 per 100,000 persons with diagnosed diabetes. The declining rates were seen in all U.S. regions and in most states. No state showed a significant increase in the age-adjusted ESRD-D rate of new cases. In addition to diabetes, risk factors for kidney disease include hypertension, cardiovascular disease, obesity, elevated cholesterol, increasing age, and a family history of kidney disease. Effective interventions to improve control of blood sugar, hypertension, and lipid levels might slow the progression of kidney disease. Continued awareness of risk factors for kidney failure and interventions to reduce their prevalence and to improve diabetes care are needed to sustain and improve these trends.

3. Global Routine Vaccination Update, 2009

CDC Division of News and Electronic Media
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During 2009, more children than ever before benefitted from vaccination: 82 percent of all infants less than one year of age worldwide received 3 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine, an increase of 8 percentage points from 2000. Polio cases have been reduced 99 percent and measles deaths have declined 78 percent. However, this global increase obscures large regional and local variations in access to health services; worldwide, more than 23 million children—half of whom live in India and Nigeria—did not receive 3 doses of DTP vaccine during the first year of life. Introducing new vaccines such as pneumococcal vaccine and rotavirus vaccine has the potential to greatly reduce pneumonia and diarrhea, the two greatest causes of death among children less than 5 years of age in the developing world. Strengthening vaccination delivery strategies and increasing and expanding access to new and underutilized vaccines have the potential to substantially reduce child morbidity and mortality.

4. Rapid Diagnostic Test for Malaria — Haiti

CDC Division of News and Electronic Media
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Based on results of a collaborative field study with CDC, the Haiti Ministry of Public Health and Population has approved the use of three malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to diagnose malaria in Haiti. Because symptoms of malaria are non-specific, a laboratory test to confirm the diagnosis is recommended. Previously, the national policy in Haiti relied solely on microscopy for the confirmation of malaria; however, the use of microscopy in the country can be limited due to lack of equipment or trained personnel. The RDTs can usually be implemented in primary clinics or field hospitals more readily than microscopy, and thus, allows for greater availability of malaria diagnosis despite resource limitations. The approved RDTs for use in Haiti are: First Response Malaria Ag HRP2 (Premier Medical Corporation Ltd.), CareStart Malaria HRP2 (Pf) (Access Bio, Inc.), and SD Bioline Malaria Ag Pf (Standard Diagnostics, Inc.). Clinicians in Haiti, international aid organizations, and health officials should be aware of this policy change.

 

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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES